-
Lin, S.-j.; Belkin, N.: Validation of a model of information seeking over multiple search sessions (2005)
0.05
0.046260543 = product of:
0.09252109 = sum of:
0.09252109 = sum of:
0.05574795 = weight(_text_:n in 3450) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.05574795 = score(doc=3450,freq=2.0), product of:
0.19504215 = queryWeight, product of:
4.3116565 = idf(docFreq=1611, maxDocs=44218)
0.045236014 = queryNorm
0.28582513 = fieldWeight in 3450, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
4.3116565 = idf(docFreq=1611, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3450)
0.036773134 = weight(_text_:22 in 3450) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.036773134 = score(doc=3450,freq=2.0), product of:
0.15840882 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.045236014 = queryNorm
0.23214069 = fieldWeight in 3450, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3450)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Date
- 10. 4.2005 14:52:22
-
Foster, A.; Ford, N.: Serendipity and information seeking : an empirical study (2003)
0.03
0.032519635 = product of:
0.06503927 = sum of:
0.06503927 = product of:
0.13007854 = sum of:
0.13007854 = weight(_text_:n in 1083) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.13007854 = score(doc=1083,freq=2.0), product of:
0.19504215 = queryWeight, product of:
4.3116565 = idf(docFreq=1611, maxDocs=44218)
0.045236014 = queryNorm
0.6669253 = fieldWeight in 1083, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
4.3116565 = idf(docFreq=1611, maxDocs=44218)
0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=1083)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
-
Wacholder, N.: Interactive query formulation (2011)
0.03
0.032519635 = product of:
0.06503927 = sum of:
0.06503927 = product of:
0.13007854 = sum of:
0.13007854 = weight(_text_:n in 4196) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.13007854 = score(doc=4196,freq=2.0), product of:
0.19504215 = queryWeight, product of:
4.3116565 = idf(docFreq=1611, maxDocs=44218)
0.045236014 = queryNorm
0.6669253 = fieldWeight in 4196, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
4.3116565 = idf(docFreq=1611, maxDocs=44218)
0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=4196)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
-
Morse, P.M.: Search theory and browsing (1970)
0.02
0.024515422 = product of:
0.049030844 = sum of:
0.049030844 = product of:
0.09806169 = sum of:
0.09806169 = weight(_text_:22 in 1448) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.09806169 = score(doc=1448,freq=2.0), product of:
0.15840882 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.045236014 = queryNorm
0.61904186 = fieldWeight in 1448, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.125 = fieldNorm(doc=1448)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Date
- 22. 5.2005 19:53:09
-
Iivonen, M.; White, M.D.: ¬The choice of initial web search strategies : a comparison between Finnish and American searchers (2001)
0.02
0.02413957 = product of:
0.04827914 = sum of:
0.04827914 = product of:
0.09655828 = sum of:
0.09655828 = weight(_text_:n in 4483) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.09655828 = score(doc=4483,freq=6.0), product of:
0.19504215 = queryWeight, product of:
4.3116565 = idf(docFreq=1611, maxDocs=44218)
0.045236014 = queryNorm
0.49506366 = fieldWeight in 4483, product of:
2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
6.0 = termFreq=6.0
4.3116565 = idf(docFreq=1611, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=4483)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Abstract
- This paper uses a mix of qualitative and quantitative methodology to analyse differences between Finnish and American web searchers (n=27 per country) in their choice of initial search strategies (direct address, subject directory and search engines) and their reasoning underlying these choices, with data gathered via a questionnaire. The paper looks at these differences for four types of questions with two variables: closed/open and predictable/unpredictable source of answer (n=16 questions per searcher; total n=864 questions). The paper found significant differences between the two groups' initial search strategies and for three of the four types of questions. The reasoning varied across countries and questions as well, with Finns mentioning fewer reasons although both groups mentioned in aggregate a total of 1,284 reasons in twenty-four reason categories. The reasoning indicated that both country groups considered not only question-related reasons but also source- and search-strategy related reasons in making their decision. The research raises questions about considering cultural differences in designing web search access mechanisms.
-
Pharo, N.: Web information search strategies : a model for classifying Web interaction (1999)
0.02
0.023228312 = product of:
0.046456624 = sum of:
0.046456624 = product of:
0.09291325 = sum of:
0.09291325 = weight(_text_:n in 3831) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.09291325 = score(doc=3831,freq=2.0), product of:
0.19504215 = queryWeight, product of:
4.3116565 = idf(docFreq=1611, maxDocs=44218)
0.045236014 = queryNorm
0.47637522 = fieldWeight in 3831, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
4.3116565 = idf(docFreq=1611, maxDocs=44218)
0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3831)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
-
Morse, P.M.: Browsing and search theory (1973)
0.02
0.021450995 = product of:
0.04290199 = sum of:
0.04290199 = product of:
0.08580398 = sum of:
0.08580398 = weight(_text_:22 in 3339) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.08580398 = score(doc=3339,freq=2.0), product of:
0.15840882 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.045236014 = queryNorm
0.5416616 = fieldWeight in 3339, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=3339)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Date
- 22. 5.2005 19:52:29
-
Branch, J.L.: Investigating the information-seeking process of adolescents : the value of using think alouds and think afters (2000)
0.02
0.021450995 = product of:
0.04290199 = sum of:
0.04290199 = product of:
0.08580398 = sum of:
0.08580398 = weight(_text_:22 in 3924) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.08580398 = score(doc=3924,freq=2.0), product of:
0.15840882 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.045236014 = queryNorm
0.5416616 = fieldWeight in 3924, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=3924)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Source
- Library and information science research. 22(2000) no.4, S.371-382
-
Ford, N.; Miller, D.; Moss, N.: ¬The role of individual differences in Internet searching : an empirical study (2001)
0.02
0.019709876 = product of:
0.03941975 = sum of:
0.03941975 = product of:
0.0788395 = sum of:
0.0788395 = weight(_text_:n in 6978) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.0788395 = score(doc=6978,freq=4.0), product of:
0.19504215 = queryWeight, product of:
4.3116565 = idf(docFreq=1611, maxDocs=44218)
0.045236014 = queryNorm
0.40421778 = fieldWeight in 6978, product of:
2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
4.0 = termFreq=4.0
4.3116565 = idf(docFreq=1611, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=6978)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
-
Ford, N.; Miller, D.; Moss, N.: Web search strategies and human individual differences : cognitive and demographic factors, Internet attitudes, and approaches (2005)
0.02
0.019709876 = product of:
0.03941975 = sum of:
0.03941975 = product of:
0.0788395 = sum of:
0.0788395 = weight(_text_:n in 3475) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.0788395 = score(doc=3475,freq=4.0), product of:
0.19504215 = queryWeight, product of:
4.3116565 = idf(docFreq=1611, maxDocs=44218)
0.045236014 = queryNorm
0.40421778 = fieldWeight in 3475, product of:
2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
4.0 = termFreq=4.0
4.3116565 = idf(docFreq=1611, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3475)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
-
Ford, N.; Miller, D.; Moss, N.: Web search strategies and human individual differences : a combined analysis (2005)
0.02
0.019709876 = product of:
0.03941975 = sum of:
0.03941975 = product of:
0.0788395 = sum of:
0.0788395 = weight(_text_:n in 3476) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.0788395 = score(doc=3476,freq=4.0), product of:
0.19504215 = queryWeight, product of:
4.3116565 = idf(docFreq=1611, maxDocs=44218)
0.045236014 = queryNorm
0.40421778 = fieldWeight in 3476, product of:
2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
4.0 = termFreq=4.0
4.3116565 = idf(docFreq=1611, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3476)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
-
Ford, N.; Miller, D.; Moss, N.: Web search strategies and retrieval effectiveness : an empirical study (2002)
0.02
0.019709876 = product of:
0.03941975 = sum of:
0.03941975 = product of:
0.0788395 = sum of:
0.0788395 = weight(_text_:n in 4472) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.0788395 = score(doc=4472,freq=4.0), product of:
0.19504215 = queryWeight, product of:
4.3116565 = idf(docFreq=1611, maxDocs=44218)
0.045236014 = queryNorm
0.40421778 = fieldWeight in 4472, product of:
2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
4.0 = termFreq=4.0
4.3116565 = idf(docFreq=1611, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=4472)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
-
Jansen, B.J.; Booth, D.L.; Spink, A.: Patterns of query reformulation during Web searching (2009)
0.02
0.019709876 = product of:
0.03941975 = sum of:
0.03941975 = product of:
0.0788395 = sum of:
0.0788395 = weight(_text_:n in 2936) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.0788395 = score(doc=2936,freq=4.0), product of:
0.19504215 = queryWeight, product of:
4.3116565 = idf(docFreq=1611, maxDocs=44218)
0.045236014 = queryNorm
0.40421778 = fieldWeight in 2936, product of:
2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
4.0 = termFreq=4.0
4.3116565 = idf(docFreq=1611, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=2936)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Abstract
- Query reformulation is a key user behavior during Web search. Our research goal is to develop predictive models of query reformulation during Web searching. This article reports results from a study in which we automatically classified the query-reformulation patterns for 964,780 Web searching sessions, composed of 1,523,072 queries, to predict the next query reformulation. We employed an n-gram modeling approach to describe the probability of users transitioning from one query-reformulation state to another to predict their next state. We developed first-, second-, third-, and fourth-order models and evaluated each model for accuracy of prediction, coverage of the dataset, and complexity of the possible pattern set. The results show that Reformulation and Assistance account for approximately 45% of all query reformulations; furthermore, the results demonstrate that the first- and second-order models provide the best predictability, between 28 and 40% overall and higher than 70% for some patterns. Implications are that the n-gram approach can be used for improving searching systems and searching assistance.
-
Mattmann, B.; Regenass, N.: ¬Eine neue Form der Recherche in Bibliotheken : "Suchschlitz" contra Exploration - Reduktion statt Orientierung? (2021)
0.02
0.016259817 = product of:
0.032519635 = sum of:
0.032519635 = product of:
0.06503927 = sum of:
0.06503927 = weight(_text_:n in 432) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.06503927 = score(doc=432,freq=2.0), product of:
0.19504215 = queryWeight, product of:
4.3116565 = idf(docFreq=1611, maxDocs=44218)
0.045236014 = queryNorm
0.33346266 = fieldWeight in 432, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
4.3116565 = idf(docFreq=1611, maxDocs=44218)
0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=432)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
-
Pejtersen, A.M.: Design of a classification scheme for fiction based on an analysis of actual user-librarian communication, and use of the scheme for control of librarians' search strategies (1980)
0.02
0.0153221395 = product of:
0.030644279 = sum of:
0.030644279 = product of:
0.061288558 = sum of:
0.061288558 = weight(_text_:22 in 5835) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.061288558 = score(doc=5835,freq=2.0), product of:
0.15840882 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.045236014 = queryNorm
0.38690117 = fieldWeight in 5835, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=5835)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Date
- 5. 8.2006 13:22:44
-
Pharo, N.; Järvelin, K.: "Irrational" searchers and IR-rational researchers (2006)
0.01
0.013936987 = product of:
0.027873974 = sum of:
0.027873974 = product of:
0.05574795 = sum of:
0.05574795 = weight(_text_:n in 4922) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.05574795 = score(doc=4922,freq=2.0), product of:
0.19504215 = queryWeight, product of:
4.3116565 = idf(docFreq=1611, maxDocs=44218)
0.045236014 = queryNorm
0.28582513 = fieldWeight in 4922, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
4.3116565 = idf(docFreq=1611, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=4922)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
-
Wilson, T.D.; Ford, N.; Ellis, D.; Foster, A.; Spink, A.: Information seeking and mediated searching : Part 2: uncertainty and Its correlates (2002)
0.01
0.013936987 = product of:
0.027873974 = sum of:
0.027873974 = product of:
0.05574795 = sum of:
0.05574795 = weight(_text_:n in 5232) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.05574795 = score(doc=5232,freq=2.0), product of:
0.19504215 = queryWeight, product of:
4.3116565 = idf(docFreq=1611, maxDocs=44218)
0.045236014 = queryNorm
0.28582513 = fieldWeight in 5232, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
4.3116565 = idf(docFreq=1611, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=5232)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
-
Ellis, D.; Wilson, T.D.; Ford, N.; Foster, A.; Lam, H.M.; Burton, R.; Spink, A.: Information seeking and mediated searching : Part 5: user-intermediary interaction (2002)
0.01
0.013936987 = product of:
0.027873974 = sum of:
0.027873974 = product of:
0.05574795 = sum of:
0.05574795 = weight(_text_:n in 5233) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.05574795 = score(doc=5233,freq=2.0), product of:
0.19504215 = queryWeight, product of:
4.3116565 = idf(docFreq=1611, maxDocs=44218)
0.045236014 = queryNorm
0.28582513 = fieldWeight in 5233, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
4.3116565 = idf(docFreq=1611, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=5233)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
-
Ford, N.; Wilson, T.D.; Foster, A.; Ellis, D.; Spink, A.: Information seeking and mediated searching : Part 4: cognitive styles in information seeking (2002)
0.01
0.013936987 = product of:
0.027873974 = sum of:
0.027873974 = product of:
0.05574795 = sum of:
0.05574795 = weight(_text_:n in 5239) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.05574795 = score(doc=5239,freq=2.0), product of:
0.19504215 = queryWeight, product of:
4.3116565 = idf(docFreq=1611, maxDocs=44218)
0.045236014 = queryNorm
0.28582513 = fieldWeight in 5239, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
4.3116565 = idf(docFreq=1611, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=5239)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
-
Spink, A.; Wilson, T.D.; Ford, N.; Foster, A.; Ellis, D.: Information seeking and mediated searching : Part 1: theoretical framework and research design (2002)
0.01
0.013936987 = product of:
0.027873974 = sum of:
0.027873974 = product of:
0.05574795 = sum of:
0.05574795 = weight(_text_:n in 5240) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.05574795 = score(doc=5240,freq=2.0), product of:
0.19504215 = queryWeight, product of:
4.3116565 = idf(docFreq=1611, maxDocs=44218)
0.045236014 = queryNorm
0.28582513 = fieldWeight in 5240, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
4.3116565 = idf(docFreq=1611, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=5240)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
