-
Guidi, F.; Sacerdoti Coen, C.: ¬A survey on retrieval of mathematical knowledge (2015)
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- Date
- 22. 2.2017 12:51:57
-
Heuvel, C. van den: ¬The Decimal Office : administration as a science in the Netherlands in the first decades of the twentieth century (2013)
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- Abstract
- In 1983 Boyd Rayward described the early diffusion abroad of the Dewey Decimal Classification (and indirectly of the Universal Decimal Classification) in Australia, Great Britain, Belgium, France, Switzerland, and Russia. Here, I discuss the enormous interest in the decimal system in the Netherlands that went far beyond its original role for the classification of bibliographic knowledge. I will present Johan Zaalberg (1858-1934) and Ernst Hijmans (1890-1987) as two advocates for the use of the decimal system in the administration of public organizations and private companies and its role in the development of scientific management in the Netherlands.
-
Koch, C.: Can a photodiode be conscious? (2013)
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- Content
- Erwiderung auf die Rezension von John Searle zu: Koch, C.: Consciousness: confessions of a romantic reductionist. Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press 2012 in:The New York Review of Books, 10.01.2013 [https://www.nybooks.com/articles/2013/03/07/can-photodiode-be-conscious/?pagination=false&printpage=true]
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Onofri, A.: Concepts in context (2013)
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- Abstract
- My thesis discusses two related problems that have taken center stage in the recent literature on concepts: 1) What are the individuation conditions of concepts? Under what conditions is a concept Cv(1) the same concept as a concept Cv(2)? 2) What are the possession conditions of concepts? What conditions must be satisfied for a thinker to have a concept C? The thesis defends a novel account of concepts, which I call "pluralist-contextualist": 1) Pluralism: Different concepts have different kinds of individuation and possession conditions: some concepts are individuated more "coarsely", have less demanding possession conditions and are widely shared, while other concepts are individuated more "finely" and not shared. 2) Contextualism: When a speaker ascribes a propositional attitude to a subject S, or uses his ascription to explain/predict S's behavior, the speaker's intentions in the relevant context determine the correct individuation conditions for the concepts involved in his report. In chapters 1-3 I defend a contextualist, non-Millian theory of propositional attitude ascriptions. Then, I show how contextualism can be used to offer a novel perspective on the problem of concept individuation/possession. More specifically, I employ contextualism to provide a new, more effective argument for Fodor's "publicity principle": if contextualism is true, then certain specific concepts must be shared in order for interpersonally applicable psychological generalizations to be possible. In chapters 4-5 I raise a tension between publicity and another widely endorsed principle, the "Fregean constraint" (FC): subjects who are unaware of certain identity facts and find themselves in so-called "Frege cases" must have distinct concepts for the relevant object x. For instance: the ancient astronomers had distinct concepts (HESPERUS/PHOSPHORUS) for the same object (the planet Venus). First, I examine some leading theories of concepts and argue that they cannot meet both of our constraints at the same time. Then, I offer principled reasons to think that no theory can satisfy (FC) while also respecting publicity. (FC) appears to require a form of holism, on which a concept is individuated by its global inferential role in a subject S and can thus only be shared by someone who has exactly the same inferential dispositions as S. This explains the tension between publicity and (FC), since holism is clearly incompatible with concept shareability. To solve the tension, I suggest adopting my pluralist-contextualist proposal: concepts involved in Frege cases are holistically individuated and not public, while other concepts are more coarsely individuated and widely shared; given this "plurality" of concepts, we will then need contextual factors (speakers' intentions) to "select" the specific concepts to be employed in our intentional generalizations in the relevant contexts. In chapter 6 I develop the view further by contrasting it with some rival accounts. First, I examine a very different kind of pluralism about concepts, which has been recently defended by Daniel Weiskopf, and argue that it is insufficiently radical. Then, I consider the inferentialist accounts defended by authors like Peacocke, Rey and Jackson. Such views, I argue, are committed to an implausible picture of reference determination, on which our inferential dispositions fix the reference of our concepts: this leads to wrong predictions in all those cases of scientific disagreement where two parties have very different inferential dispositions and yet seem to refer to the same natural kind.
-
Dahlberg, I.: Begriffsarbeit in der Wissensorganisation (2010)
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- Source
- Wissensspeicher in digitalen Räumen: Nachhaltigkeit - Verfügbarkeit - semantische Interoperabilität. Proceedings der 11. Tagung der Deutschen Sektion der Internationalen Gesellschaft für Wissensorganisation, Konstanz, 20. bis 22. Februar 2008. Hrsg.: J. Sieglerschmidt u. H.P.Ohly
-
Linde, F.; Stock, W.G.: Informationsmarkt : Informationen im I-Commerce anbieten und nachfragen (2011)
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- Date
- 23. 9.2010 11:15:22
-
McTavish, J.: Everyday life classification processes and technologies (2014)
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- Abstract
- To "classify" in Library and Information Sciences (LIS) usually involves an engagement with formally established classification systems, such as the Dewey Decimal Classification. In this research I suggest an alternative path for LIS scholars - one that considers the application of LIS theories about classification to the investigation of everyday life "classification" processes and technologies.
- Source
- Knowledge organization in the 21st century: between historical patterns and future prospects. Proceedings of the Thirteenth International ISKO Conference 19-22 May 2014, Kraków, Poland. Ed.: Wieslaw Babik
-
Prathap, G.: Fractionalized exergy for evaluating research performance (2011)
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- Abstract
- The approach based on "thermodynamic" considerations that can quantify research performance using an exergy term defined as X = iC, where i is the impact and C is the number of citations is now extended to cases where fractionalized counting of citations is used instead of integer counting.
-
Ilhan, A.; Henkel, M.; Dorsch, I.; Meschede, C.: Social Media, Open Innovation, Altmetrics : aber auch Wissensrepräsentation und Zitationsanalyse: Diversifizierung der Informationswissenschaft (2018)
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-
Inskip, C.: Music information retrieval research (2011)
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- Abstract
- There is a long history of music librarianship in the domain of printed Western classical music. Special schemes have been developed to aid in the organization and retrieval of musical works, and existing schemes have been widely used to include these types of documents in larger physical library collections. However, the advent of digital consumer technology in the form of MP3 players and mobile phones, combined with the enormous impact of the internet and the digitization and ease of compression of audio files, has brought new formats and types of user interaction to the fore. This has led to an explosion in music information-retrieval research, concentrating on how most beneficially to use computers to organize, search and retrieve music information and recordings from large digital collections. Many of us today carry around music collections of thousands of digitized music recordings and access all manner of types of music on the web, but still are unsure what to listen to next: the enormous size of these collections and the instant accessibility of 8 million Western pop, classical, jazz and folk songs can cause confusion and trepidation. Where the classical music researcher would previously have consulted academic texts and visited a specialist music library, or the post-rock listener would have read the New Musical Express and visited the Rough Trade shop for advice on what was coming up, now we access music through hand-held devices and laptops. The issue is no longer 'I hope I can find that Velvet Underground live album somewhere this year, I wonder what it sounds like', but 'Which Velvet Underground live track shall I read about/ download/ stream now?
-
Marras, C.: Structuring multidisciplinary knowledge : aquatic and terrestrial metaphors (2013)
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- Abstract
- In my paper, I will discuss which metaphors appear to be an appropriate conceptual model capable of interpreting and capturing the implicit theoretical and methodological pluralism of knowledge organization. I will propose the use of "aquatic metaphors" for structuring and representing the "new" scenario of knowledge as "open landscape." To this end, I will compare the "aquatic" metaphorical model to the more traditional "terrestrial" one. I will trace back the use of these two metaphorical domains for knowledge organization to the XVII century. A diachronical view will allow us to see how the complexity of the different historical scenarios always requires categories more adequate and capable of describing and interpreting (and organizing) a multilayered knowledge. Multiple approaches and tools for transferring and organizing, as well for distributing and sharing knowledge, are therefore needed. The paper aims at showing how, referring to aquatic metaphors as a model for knowledge organization, we can open the possibility of access to "transversal" points of view, and, in addition to the authoritative knowledge, how they facilitate the creation of entirely new types of interconnections that generates a multi-hierarchical and multidisciplinary knowledge structure.
-
Huang, M.-H.; Huang, W.-T.; Chang, C.-C.; Chen, D. Z.; Lin, C.-P.: The greater scattering phenomenon beyond Bradford's law in patent citation (2014)
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- Date
- 22. 8.2014 17:11:29
-
Hetmanski, M.: ¬The actual role of metaphors in knowledge organization (2014)
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- Abstract
- In the paper I argue that metaphors widely used in presenting knowledge organization, despite of their methodological correctness, play an ambiguous role. They are mostly conceived and used as models of information/knowledge organization such as library documents, databases and internet tools and devices. But due to their suggestive power and pervasive role, they can also obscure the structure of such organization. One can expect explanatory (descriptive) benefits from spatial (e.g. terrestrial or aquatic) metaphors comparing modes of organizing and accessing knowledge to oceans, pathways networks or even rhizomes. But mapping or metaphorically presenting cognitive undertakings such as searching, browsing or retrieving information/knowledge can obscure their actual essence. As held by the cognitive theory of metaphor (Lakoff, Johnson, Ritchie), certain aspects of complex phenomena (i.e. knowledge organization) are repeatedly obscured and hidden. I argue that metaphors containing probability concepts, although not immediately intuitive or comprehensible, are more fruitful effective in mapping knowledge organization.
- Source
- Knowledge organization in the 21st century: between historical patterns and future prospects. Proceedings of the Thirteenth International ISKO Conference 19-22 May 2014, Kraków, Poland. Ed.: Wieslaw Babik
-
Kattenbeck, M.; Müller, M.; Ohm, C.; Ludwig, B.: ¬Der Weg ist das Ziel : Fußgängernavigation ist Forschung zu Information Behavior (2015)
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- Date
- 21. 3.2015 18:13:22
-
Menzel, C.: Knowledge representation, the World Wide Web, and the evolution of logic (2011)
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- Abstract
- In this paper, I have traced a series of evolutionary adaptations of FOL motivated entirely by its use by knowledge engineers to represent and share information on the Web culminating in the development of Common Logic. While the primary goal in this paper has been to document this evolution, it is arguable, I think that CL's syntactic and semantic egalitarianism better realizes the goal "topic neutrality" that a logic should ideally exemplify - understood, at least in part, as the idea that logic should as far as possible not itself embody any metaphysical presuppositions. Instead of retaining the traditional metaphysical divisions of FOL that reflect its Fregean origins, CL begins as it were with a single, metaphysically homogeneous domain in which, potentially, anything can play the traditional roles of object, property, relation, and function. Note that the effect of this is not to destroy traditional metaphysical divisions. Rather, it simply to refrain from building those divisions explicitly into one's logic; instead, such divisions are left to the user to introduce and enforce axiomatically in an explicit metaphysical theory.
-
Bauer, B.; Hinterhofer, C.; Lindpointner, R.; Neuböck, I.; Steiner, J.: Zukunftsperspektiven für den Österreichischen Bibliotheksverbund : Anforderungen an ein zukünftiges Bibliothekssystem aus der Perspektive der Österreichischen Nationalbibliothek, der Universitätsbibliotheken, der Landesbibliotheken, der Bibliotheken der Pädagogischen Hochschulen und der Verwaltungs- und Amtsbibliotheken (2011)
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- Content
- Anforderungen an ein zukünftiges Bibliothekssystem aus der Perspektive ... a) der Österreichischen Nationalbibliothek (Josef Steiner) b) der Universitätsbibliotheken (Bruno Bauer) c) der Landesbibliotheken (Rudolf Lindpointner) d) der Pädagogischen Hochschulen (Christine Hinterhofer) e) der Verwaltungs- und Amtsbibliotheken (Inge Neuböck)
-
Gnoli, C.; Pusterla, L.; Bendiscioli, A.; Recinella, C.: Classification for collections mapping and query expansion (2016)
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- Location
- I
-
Müller, S.: Schattenbibliotheken : Welche Auswirkungen haben Sci-Hub und Co. auf Verlage und Bibliotheken? (2019)
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- Content
- Vgl.: https://www.b-i-t-online.de/heft/2019-05-index.php.
- Source
- B.I.T.online. 22(2019) H.5, S.397-404
-
Campanario, J.M.: Large increases and decreases in journal impact factors in only one year : the effect of journal self-citations (2011)
0.03
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- Abstract
- I studied the factors (citations, self-citations, and number of articles) that influenced large changes in only 1 year in the impact factors (IFs) of journals. A set of 360 instances of journals with large increases or decreases in their IFs from a given year to the following was selected from journals in the Journal Citation Reports from 1998 to 2007 (40 journals each year). The main factor influencing large changes was the change in the number of citations. About 54% of the increases and 42% of the decreases in the journal IFs were associated with changes in the journal self-citations.
- Date
- 22. 1.2011 12:53:00
-
Kijenska-Dqbrowska, I.; Kuiminska, M.: Classifications and interdisciplinarity within scientific disciplines and its influence on contemporary e-society in Poland (2014)
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- Source
- Knowledge organization in the 21st century: between historical patterns and future prospects. Proceedings of the Thirteenth International ISKO Conference 19-22 May 2014, Kraków, Poland. Ed.: Wieslaw Babik
