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  • × year_i:[1970 TO 1980}
  • × theme_ss:"Preserved Context Index System (PRECIS)"
  1. Austin, D.; Sørensen, J.: Zusammenarbeit in der Entwicklung and Anwendung von PRECIS (1978) 0.02 
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    Abstract
    Kurze Beschreibung des verbalen Indexierungssystems PRECIS, seiner Ursprünge und Entwicklung, seiner Bestandteile und seiner Ziele. Im einzelnen wird an Beispielen gezeigt, wie das Format einer PRECIS-Eintragung aussieht und wie die "Mechanik" der Eintragungsgenerierung mit Computerhilfe abläuft, wobei auch auf die Rollenoperatoren eingegangen wird. Abschließend eine Darstellung der Anwendung von PRECIS in anderen Sprachen, hier in Deutsch. An der Produktion von Eintragungen zum Austausch zwischen den 4 Sprachen Englisch, Französisch, Deutsch und Polnisch wird gegenwärtig gearbeitet. Untersuchungen für die skandinavischen Sprachen sind geplant
    Source
    Kooperation in der Klassifikation II. Proc. der Sekt.4-6 der 2. Fachtagung der Gesellschaft für Klassifikation, Frankfurt-Hoechst, 6.-7.4.1978. Bearb.: W. Dahlberg
  2. Matter, R.: PRECIS als zwischensprachliches System (1979) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    PRECIS ist ein Indexierungssystem, das ursprünglich zur Herstellung des Sachregisters für die 1971 auf maschinelle Verarbeitung umgestellte BNB entwickelt wurde. Obwohl für das Englische entworfen, hat sich PRECIS bisher in einer Reihe anderer Sprachen bewährt. Die British Library finanziert seit 1976 ein Projekt, dessen Aufgabe es ist, das Potential von PRECIS als zwischensprachliche Indexsprache zu ermitteln. Es wird vor allem mit Deutsch, Französisch und Englisch gearbeitet. Das Forschungsteam hat eine Anzahl Mechanismen entwickelt, die verbale Indexierungsdaten in Form von "Eingabeketten" von einer Ausgangssprache in eine Zielsprache maschinell umsetzen. Jeder Begriff wird dabei einzeln umgesetzt. Diese Begriffe, die ein Sachverhaltspaket bilden, werden dann von einem Standardprogramm gelesen, das auch Registereinträge in einer Zielsprache oder Zielsprachen erstellt
  3. Austin, D.; Sørensen, J.: PRECIS in a multilingual context : Pt.3: Multilingual experiments, proposed codes, and procedures for the Germanic languages. (1976) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    PRECIS was introduced, mainly as an English language system, in the first paper in this series (1), and that account was followed by a generalised logicolinguistic explanation in the second (2). The present paper sets out to consider more practical matters of two kinds. Firstly, it describes some of the experiments in multilingual indexing which have been carried out already, noting in particular the lessons, leading to new procedures, drawn from these experiences. Secondly, the theoretical model proposed in the second paper, together with some of the new codes and procedures found to be necessary as the result of experiment with non-English languages, are related specifically to work in the Germanic languages.
  4. Austin, D.: PRECIS in a multilingual context : Pt.1: PRECIS: an overview (1976) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    The present paper is offered as the first of a series of articles in which PRECIS will be reviewed as a potential multi-lingual system, having in mind the obvious need, notably in a European context, for standard and language independent methods of subject analysis and document description. This first paper outlines the origins of PRECIS, and considers its use in English language indexing. A second paper will deal in general terms with the syntactical model which is used for producing PRECIS input strings and index entries. Later papers will then review the application of this model to indexing in, firstly, the Germanic languages (e.g. German and Danish), and, secondly, the Romance languages, illustrated by French.
  5. ¬The PRECIS system for computer-generated indexes and its use in the British National Bibliography (1972) 0.00 
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    Series
    Contributions in librarianship and information science; no.3
    Source
    Subject retrieval in the seventies: new directions. Proc. of an Int. Symp. ... College Park, May 14-15, 1971. Ed.: H.H. Wellisch et al
  6. Balnaves, J.: PRECIS in ANB (1973) 0.00 
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  7. Lambert, G.: PRECIS in a multilingual context : Pt.4: The application of PRECIS in French. (1976) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    This fourth paper in the series on PRECIS will consider the theoretical model of the indexing operation proposed in an earlier paper, and extend its application to one of the Romance languages, namely French. The present author has noted, throughout the publication of this series, how closely these logico-linguistic explanations could be applied to indexing in the French language. It is realised that experiments into PRECIS as a multilingual system are not complete, and that a new phase has undoubtedly started with the current British Library investigation of its translingual potential. Nevertheless, it would appear that the major problems still facing the researchers, such as the treatment of inflections, infixes, etc., are mostly related to the Germanic languages. As far as French is concerned, it is a relatively simple matter to give a positive answer to the question posed in the first paper: " . . . Do the codes and procedures developed so far (including the specified additions) amount to a general system which is capable of operating in any of the major European (and other) languages?"
  8. Austin, D.; Sørensen, J.: PRECIS in a multilingual context : Pt.2: A linguistic and logical explanation of the syntax. (1976) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    In this second paper in the series on PRECIS we set out to establish a theoretical model of the indexing operation to account for the growing empirical evidence that PRECIS can be applied successfully to the terms and phrases of more than one natural language (NL). For this purpose, the system is examined from two different but related viewpoints, the first linguistic and the second logical. In linguistic terms, the schema of role operators is related to certain features of NL which are regarded by linguists as language-independent, particular attention being paid to Chomsky's 1965 theory, the notion of deep cases, and the idea that roles, as used in an indexing language (IL) are related to deep cases in NL. It is realised that we should not rely too heavily on analogies between NL and IL, on the grounds that these two kinds of language have different structures and to some extent different functions, Consequently, the structure of a PRECIS string is also considered in terms of an alternative logic, and it is suggested that the order of terms in strings and entries, explained in the earlier paper through reference to the dual properties of context-dependency and one-toone relationships, is also amenable to a different but reinforcing explanation in terms of time-dependency. These two types of explanation, the linguistic and the logical, form the basis for a proposed theoretical model of the 'stages of indexing'. Finally, the authors consider the implications of this model for multilingual indexing.
  9. Eyre, J.J.: Computer-based indexing systems : implications for the book indexer (1974) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    The terms which comprise an entry in an index can be arranged in various ways. The use use roles or facets such as 'thing-action-part-effect' under which terms can be categorized allows the use of citation orders which preserve the syntactic relationships between terms in a string. Alphabetization and rotation in context are simple methods but with certain disadvantages for the users. The citation order of BTI results in a detailed index using punctation to indicate relationships. PRECIS incorporates prepositions which preserve necessary entries. Articulated indexes use natural language phrases displayed under selectes subject headings. These methods could be used to construct book indexes
  10. ¬The PRECIS index systems : principles, applications, and prospects. Proc. of the Int. PRECIS workshop sponsored ... , Univ. of Maryland, 15.-17.10.1976. (1977) 0.00 
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    Content
    Enthält die Beiträge: AUSTIN, D.: The development of PRECIS, and introduction to its syntax; AUSTIN, D.: The semantics of PRECIS: vocabulary control and the RIN system; AUSTIN, D.: Management aspects of PRECIS, and current research and development; SØRENSEN, J.: Multilingual aspects of PRECIS; RICHMOND, P.A.: PRECIS compared with other indexing systems; BRUIN, V. de: PRECIS in a university library; SCHABAS, A.H.: Machine searching of UK MARC on title, LCSH, and PRECIS for selective dissemeination of information; TAYLOR, A.: Manual application of PRECIS in a high school library; ROBINSON, C.D.: Indexing nonbook materials by PRECIS; DYKSTRA, M.: The National Film Board of Canada project; COOK, C.D.: The practical possibilities of PRECIS in North America
  11. Austin, D.: ¬The role of indexing in subject retrieval (1976) 0.00 
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  12. Michell, G.: Does PRECIS have feet of clay? : problems with the universality of the role operators (1979) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    One current trend in information retrieval that can facilitate resource sharing and cost reduction is the sread of common indexing languages. Of the more sophisticated languages available, clearly the best known and widely adopted is PRECIS. One of the claims made for PRECIS by its designer is that the role operators it uses correspond to linguistic universals, making PRECIS eminently suitable for multilingual indexing. This strong claim, if justified, could make PRECIS the common indexing language of choice where translation problems have high priority, as they do in Canada. This paper shows there is little support for this claim to universality because the role operators are defined in terms of superficial characteristics of language that are far from universal
  13. Weintraub, D.K.: ¬An extended review of PRECIS (1979) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    The PRECIS system of subject headings was designed for use with a computer-produced subject index. Accordingly, the routines of subject heading work are clearly differentiated into clerical procedures and those that require judgement. The clerical procedures can be accomplished largely through the use of computer programs. The subject headings represent a unique combination of several different characteristics. As a result the system permits several coextensive forms of a subject name for each work. The allowable forms of subject name are restricted somewhat by the constraints of the system but the final choice amongst the various alternatives is made by the subject analyst. Often, this choice reflects his or her usage rather than any attempt to realize an explicit code for subject names. There is some evidence that this judgement varies in individual cases. Moreover, there is no empirical evidence that the alternatives permitted do reflect user convenience - although, in fact, this may be true
  14. Bakewell, K.G.B.: Indexers' reactions to PRECIS (1979) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    The background to the Liverpool Polytechnique study of indexer reaction to the PRECIS indexing system and the methodology of the study are described. Some of the findings are discussed, special attention being given to points which some indexers regarded as advantages and other as disadvantages; the alleged labour-intensiveness of PRECIS; the British Library and PRECIS; and the impact of PRECIS on the British library community. A thesaurus of terms used in the British Library PRECIS indexes is needed, and some consideration should be given to the possible simplifications of PRECIS or modification to suit the needs of different users. Feedback from users of PRECIS indexes is required

Authors

Languages

  • e 12
  • d 2

Types

  • a 13
  • s 1