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Footnote

Chapter 8 discusses issues of archiving and preserving digital materials. The chapter reiterates, "What is the point of all of this if the resources identified and catalogued are not preserved?" (Gorman, 2003, p. 16). Discussion about preservation and related issues is organized in five sections that successively ask why, what, who, how, and how much of the plethora of digital materials should be archived and preserved. These are not easy questions because of media instability and technological obsolescence. Stakeholders in communities with diverse interests compete in terms of which community or representative of a community has an authoritative say in what and how much get archived and preserved. In discussing the above-mentioned questions, the authors once again provide valuable information and lessons from a number of initiatives in Europe, Australia, and from other global initiatives. The Draft Charter on the Preservation of the Digital Heritage and the Guidelines for the Preservation of Digital Heritage, both published by UNESCO, are discussed and some of the preservation principles from the Guidelines are listed. The existing diversity in administrative arrangements for these new projects and resources notwithstanding, the impact on content produced for online reserves through work done in digital projects and from the use of metadata and the impact on levels of reference services and the ensuing need for different models to train users and staff is undeniable. In terms of education and training, formal coursework, continuing education, and informal and on-the-job training are just some of the available options. The intensity in resources required for cataloguing digital materials, the questions over the quality of digital resources, and the threat of the new digital environment to the survival of the traditional library are all issues quoted by critics and others, however, who are concerned about a balance for planning and resources allocated for traditional or print-based resources and newer digital resources. A number of questions are asked as part of the book's conclusions in Chapter 10. Of these questions, one that touches on all of the rest and upon much of the book's content is the question: What does the future hold for metadata in libraries? Metadata standards are alive and well in many communities of practice, as Chapters 2-6 have demonstrated. The usefulness of metadata continues to be high and innovation in various elements should keep information professionals engaged for decades to come. There is no doubt that metadata have had a tremendous impact in how we organize information for access and in terms of who, how, when, and where contact is made with library services and collections online. Planning and commitment to a diversity of metadata to serve the plethora of needs in communities of practice are paramount for the continued success of many digital projects and for online preservation of our digital heritage."

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Footnote

Rez. in: JASIST 58(2007) no.4, S.608-609 (K.D. Desouza): "Richard Rogers explores the distinctiveness of the World Wide Web as a politically contested space where information searchers may encounter multiple explanations of reality. Sources of information on the Web are in constant competition with each other for attention. The attention a source receives will determine its prominence, the ability to be a provider of leading information, and its inclusion in authoritative spaces. Rogers explores the politics behind evaluating sources that are collected and housed on authoritative spaces. Information politics on the Web can be looked at in terms of frontend or back-end politics. Front-end politics is concerned with whether sources on the Web pay attention to principles of inclusivity, fairness, and scope of representation in how information is presented, while back-end politics examines the logic behind how search engines or portals select and index information. Concerning front-end politics, Rogers questions the various versions of reality one can derive from examining information on the Web, especially when issues of information inclusivity and scope of representation are toiled with. In addition, Rogers is concerned with how back-end politics are being controlled by dominant forces of the market (i.e., the more an organization is willing to pay, the greater will be the site's visibility and prominence in authoritative spaces), regardless of whether the information presented on the site justifies such a placement. In the book, Rogers illustrates the issues involved in back-end and front-end politics (though heavily slanted on front-end politics) using vivid cases, all of which are derived from his own research. The main thrust is the exploration of how various "information instruments," defined as "a digital and analytical means of recording (capturing) and subsequently reading indications of states of defined information streams (p. 19)," help capture the politics of the Web. Rogers employs four specific instruments (Lay Decision Support System, Issue Barometer, Web Issue Index of Civil Society, and Election Issue Tracker), which are covered in detail in core chapters of the book (Chapter 2-Chapter 5). The book is comprised of six chapters, with Chapter 1 being the traditional introduction and Chapter 6 being a summary of the major concepts discussed.

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Content

In seinem Beitrag über "Rechtsstreitigkeiten bei der Dokumentlieferung" berichtete Ulrich Korwitz über die aktuellen rechtlichen Probleme denen Bibliotheken ausgesetzt sind, die ihre Informationen und Dokumente elektronisch zugänglich machen. Dabei stehe vor allem der Lieferdienst subito unter massivem Druck einiger großer internationaler Verlage, die ihre kommerziellen Interessen durch diesen Dienst beeinträchtigt sehen. Vor diesem Hintergrund seien die Initiativen zu sehen, die alternative Publikationsstrukturen in Form eines "Open Access" aufbauten, so z. B. "German Medical Science" (GMS), "German Academic Publishers" (GAP) oder "Digital Peer Publishing" (DIPP) in NRW. Es müsse erreicht werden, dass das Urheberrecht beim Autor verbleibe, und dieser sich nicht mehr exklusiv an kommerzielle Verlage bindet. "Science belongs to science. Copyright belongs to the author". In diesem Sinne sei auch die gerade veröffentlichte "Berliner Erklärung über offenen Zugang zu wissenschaftlichem Wissen` zu verstehen. Den "Aufbau einer Koordinierungsstelle für elektronische Hochschulschriften" an Der Deutschen Bibliothek beschrieb Dr. Thomas Wollschläger. Es gäbe noch eine erhebliche Zahl von Hochschulen, an denen bestimmte Fachbereiche die Möglichkeit zur Online-Veröffentlichung nicht unterstützen und Promovenden nicht über diese Möglichkeit informierten. "Wie viele Verlage brauchen deutsche Universitäten und welche Verbundmodelle sind für diese geeignet?" fragte Dr. Claudia Koltzenburg in ihrer Präsentation des Verbundprojektes GAP - German Academic Publishers -, dessen Ziel der Aufbau eines kooperativen offenen Verbundes für elektronisches Publizieren im Wissenschaftsbereich unter Beteiligung deutscher Universitätsverlage ist. Nicht der Leser, sondern die Institution solle für den freien Zugang zu wissenschaftlicher Publikation zahlen. Neunzig Prozent dessen, was Wissenschaft hervorbringe sei nicht sedimentiert, sondern "im Fluss", ein "give away". Es müsse stärker vermittelt werden, welches Interesse die Universität und die Wissenschaftler an diesen Publikationen habe: Kooperation vs. corporate identity. Angestrebt werde nicht ein zentraler deutscher Universitätsverlag, sondern in Zusammenarbeit mit Wissenschaftlern, den Fachgesellschaften und weiteren Partnern ein Geschäfts- und Organisationsmodell für die künftige kooperative Gestaltung akademischer Publikationsformen zu entwickeln, das eine echte Alternative zu den marktbeherrschenden Großverlagen biete. Als erfolgreiches Gemeinschaftsunternehmen wissenschaftlicher Bibliotheken präsentierten Christine Burblies und Dr. Tamara Pianos das interdisziplinäre Internetportal für wissenschaftliche Information vascoda. Mittlerweile kooperieren über 30 Einrichtungen in diesem bundesweiten Projekt. Durch die Einbindung der Elektronischen Zeitschriftenbibliothek EZB und erweiterten Funktionalitäten im nächsten Release der Metasuchmaschine werde der Ausbau kontinuierlich vorangetrieben. Als "Chefsache" kennzeichnete Prof. Wilfried Juling die "Integration von Information, Kommunikation und Multimedia". Neue Medien und eine leistungsstarke elektronische Infrastruktur seien die Basis der eUniversity, der "enhanced university". Für eine erfolgreiche Umsetzung bedürfe es einer institutionalisierten Kooperation zwischen Rechenzentrum, Bibliothek, Medienzentrum, Verwaltung und Fakultäten. Diese Aufgabe sollte idealerweise ein CIO (Chief Information Officer) übernehmen, der aus dem operativen Geschäft herausgelöst sei und an der Seite des Rektors die konzeptionelle und administrative Aufsicht über alle technischen, organisatorischen und nutzungsrechtlichen Aspekte des Informationsversorgungsbereiches innehabe.

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Content

Inhalt: An Introduction to Metatheories, Theories, and Models (Marcia J. Bates) - What Methodology Does to Theory: Sense-Making Methodology as Exemplar (Brenda Dervin) Evolution in Information Behavior Modeling Wilson's Model (T.D. Wilson) - Affective Load (Diane Nahl) - Anomalous State of Knowledge (Nicholas J. Belkin) - Archival Intelligence (Elizabeth Yakel) - Bandura's Social Cognition (Makiko Miwa) - Berrypicking (Marcia J. Bates) - Big6 Skills for Information Literacy (Carrie A. Lowe and Michael B. Eisenberg) - Chang's Browsing (Chan-Ju L. Chang) - Chatman's Information Poverty (Julie Hersberger) - Chatman's Life in the Round (Crystal Fulton) - Cognitive Authority (Soo Young Rieh) - Cognitive Work Analysis (Raya Fidel and Annelise Mark Pejtersen) - Collective Action Dilemma (Marc Smith and Howard T. Weiser) - Communicative Action (Gerald Benoît) - Communities of Practice (Elisabeth Davies) - Cultural Models of Hall and Hofstede (Anita Komlodi) - Dervin's Sense-Making (Tonyia J. Tidline) - Diffusion Theory (Darian Lajoie-Paquette) - The Domain Analytic Approach to Scholars' Information Practices (Sanna Talja) - Ecological Theory of Human Information Behavior (Kirsty Williamson) - Elicitation as Micro-Level Information Seeking (Mei-Mei Wu) - Ellis's Model of InformationSeeking Behavior (David Ellis) - Everyday Life Information Seeking (Reijo Savolainen) - Face Threat (Lorri Mon) - Flow Theory (Charles Naumer) - General Model of the Information Seeking of Professionals (Gloria J. Leckie) - The Imposed Query (Melissa Gross) - Information Acquiringand-Sharing (Kevin Rioux) - Information Activities in Work Tasks (Katriina Byström) - Information Encountering (Sanda Erdelez) - Information Grounds (Karen E. Fisher) - Information Horizons (Diane H. Sonnenwald) - Information Intents (Ross J. Todd) - Information Interchange (Rita Marcella and Graeme Baxter) - Institutional Ethnography (Roz Stooke) - Integrative Framework for Information Seeking and Interactive Information Retrieval (Peter Ingwersen) - Interpretative Repertoires (Pamela J. McKenzie) - Krikelas's Model of Information Seeking (Jean Henefer and Crystal Fulton) - Kuhlthau's Information Search Process (Carol Collier Kuhlthau) - Library Anxiety (Patricia Katopol) - Monitoring and Blunting (Lynda M. Baker) - Motivational Factors for Interface Design (Carolyn Watters and Jack Duffy) - Network Gatekeeping (Karine Barzilai-Nahon) - Nonlinear Information Seeking (Allen Foster) - Optimal Foraging (JoAnn Jacoby) - Organizational Sense Making and Information Use (Anu Maclntosh-Murray) - The PAIN Hypothesis (Harry Bruce) -

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Abstract

"Libraries: Tools for Education and Development" war das Motto der 70. IFLA-Generalkonferenz, dem Weltkongress Bibliothek und Information, der vom 22.-27. August 2004 in Buenos Aires, Argentinien, und damit erstmals in Lateinamerika stattfand. Rund 3.000 Teilnehmerinnen und Teilnehmer, davon ein Drittel aus spanischsprachigen Ländern, allein 600 aus Argentinien, besuchten die von der IFLA und dem nationalen Organisationskomitee gut organisierte Tagung mit mehr als 200 Sitzungen und Veranstaltungen. Aus Deutschland waren laut Teilnehmerverzeichnis leider nur 45 Kolleginnen und Kollegen angereist, womit ihre Zahl wieder auf das Niveau von Boston gesunken ist. Erfreulicherweise gab es nunmehr bereits im dritten Jahr eine deutschsprachige Ausgabe des IFLA-Express. Auch in diesem Jahr soll hier über die Veranstaltungen der Division IV Bibliographic Control berichtet werden. Die Arbeit der Division mit ihren Sektionen Bibliography, Cataloguing, Classification and Indexing sowie der neuen Sektion Knowledge Management bildet einen der Schwerpunkte der IFLA-Arbeit, die dabei erzielten konkreten Ergebnisse und Empfehlungen haben maßgeblichen Einfluss auf die tägliche Arbeit der Bibliothekarinnen und Bibliothekare. Erstmals wird auch ausführlich über die Arbeit der Core Activities ICABS und UNIMARC und der Information Technology Section berichtet.

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Date

22. 1.2005 19:05:37

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Date

22. 1.2006 18:34:49

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Source

Cataloging and classification quarterly. 22(1996) no.2, S.90-97

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Date

22. 6.2005 9:52:00