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  • × theme_ss:"Datenfernübertragung"
  1. Maier-Rabler, U.: Austrian information highway initiatives in the stage of disillusionment (1996) 0.04 
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    Abstract
    Discusses Austrian government policy on the information superhighway (ISH) since Aug. 94. The Austrian telecommunications infrastructure is far behind the standards of Europe. The Austrain PTT monopoly over the public telecommunications network is an obstacle to development. The rates for data services are still based on copper cable with transmission speeds of 9600 Kbps. Although there are various ISH initiatives in Austria, the gap between vision and reality is large. Describes the initiatives of the Austrian National Host and the Bureau for International Research and Technology Cooperation; the Austrian Platform for Telematic Applications; BNet (Burgenland); Telematik Initiative Wien; TELKIS Telekommunikationsinitiative Steiermark; Datahighway Upper Austria; Vorarlberger Telekommunikations GmbH; Telematik Initiative; Datenbahn Telecom GmbH (Salzburg); Ti-KOM (Tirol) and other initiatives
  2. Millsap, L.; Ferl, T.E.: Search patterns of remote users : an analysis of OPAC transaction logs (1993) 0.03 
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    Abstract
    The focus of this study is the search behavior of remote users of the University of California MELVYL Library System, an OPAC. Transaction logs from randomly selected remote user search sessions are analyzed. Descriptive data on the number and type of searches, choice of search mode and database, number of retrievals, number and type of errors, and use of system HELP facilities are presented. The search data have been cross-tabulated with demographic data on the same group of remote users, collected through an online survey conducted by the authors. Effectiveness of system usage is discussed. A case mode is made for the desirability of additional heuristics in the catalog portion of the system
    Source
    Information technology and libraries. 12(1993) no.3, S.321-343
  3. Ferl, T.E.; Millsap, L.: Remote use of the University of California MELVYL Library System : an online survey (1992) 0.03 
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    Abstract
    This report presents the results of a survey of users who access the University of California's online union catalog, the MELVYL library system, via microcomputers with modems or connections carried through local or wide area networks. The report includes descriptive statistics on user location, status, subject interest, affiliation, in-library versus out-of-library usage patterns, need for assistance, and desire for new features
    Source
    Information technology and libraries. 11(1992) no.3, S.285-303
  4. Kock, M.d.: Remote users of an online public access catalogue (OPAC) (1993) 0.03 
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    Abstract
    Networks allow different users from outside the library to have remote access to library catalogues. These remote users may face problems that differ from the OPAC users' in the library. They may not be comfortable with the computer technology and may not be familiar with the OPAC of the library. Libraries should offer different support services from those provided to on-site users. These users need technical advice as well as special instruction aids and guides to lead them to the information they want to retrieve
  5. Matthews, J.R.; Parker, M.R.: Local Area Networks and Wide Area Networks for libraries (1995) 0.03 
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    Date
    30.11.1995 20:53:22
    Source
    Library technology reports. 31(1995) Jan-Feb., S.1-11x
  6. Lazinger, S.S.; Peritz, B.C.: Reader use of a nationwide research library network : local OPAC vs. remote files (1991) 0.03 
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    Date
    22. 2.1999 13:06:18
    Source
    Information technology and libraries. 10(1991), S.192-200
  7. Corey, J.F.: ¬A grant for Z39.50 (1994) 0.03 
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    Abstract
    In Sept. 1990, the US Dept. of Education's Library Technology and Cooperation Grants Program awarded a three-year grant to the Florida Center for Library Automation (FCLA), an agency of the Florida State University System, to develop software adhering to the ANSI Z39.50 Information Retrieval protocol standard. The Z39.50 software was to operate over the OSI communications protocols and be integrated with FCLA's NOTIS system, which is shared by all 9 state universities in Florida. In order to test the correctness of its Z39.50 software, FCLA sought out other library software developers who would be willing to develop Z39.50 systems of their own. As part of this process, FCLA helped to found the Z39.50 Implementor's Group (ZIG), which has since gone on to improve the standard and promote Z39.50 implementations throughout much of the North American library systems marketplace. Early on in the project, it became apparent that TCP/IP would be a more heavily used communication vehicle for Z39.50 messages than OSI. FCLA expanded its design to include TCP/IP and, by the end of the grant in Sept. 1993, will have a working Z39.50 system that can communicate over both OSI and TCP/IP networks
  8. Stovel, L.; Fuchs, R.; Chang, J.-W.: RLG's Z39.50 server : development and implementation issues (1993) 0.03 
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    Source
    Information technology and libraries. 12(1993) no.2, S.227-230
  9. Carson, S.M.; Freivalds, D.I.: Z39.50 and LIAS : Penn State's experience (1993) 0.03 
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    Source
    Information technology and libraries. 12(1993) no.2, S.230-237
  10. Needleman, M.: Z39.50: a review, analysis and some thoughts on the future (2000) 0.02 
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    Abstract
    This article will examine the Z39.50 Information Retrieval protocol. It will look at some of the history of the protocol, its operation, and some of the major projects that have made use of it. There has been enough written (perhaps too much) about Z39.50 in the last several years so it is not intended to be a tutorial or detailed description of the protocol. The material that will be presented will try and put some context around the discussion. For those readers who are interested in delving into Z39.50 in a more technical manner, references to much of the material that has been written about it over the years will be provided at the end. Finally, the article will conclude with some thoughts on how technology and technological infrastructure have changed in the years since Z39.50 was initially developed and deployed, and where the protocol has so far lived up to its goals, and where it has perhaps failed to meet some of the high expectations that at least some people involved in the Z39.50 community held for it. The article will conclude with some of the author's speculations (and they are really no more than that) of what the future role of Z39.50 is likely to be.
  11. Snelson, P.: Relationships between access and use in information systems : remote access to and browsing of online catalogues (1993) 0.02 
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    Abstract
    Examined two groups of online catalogue users segregated by their method of access to the system: terminals in the library or remote workstations. An online survey collected demographic data, perceptions on source and terminal accessibility, and information on usage, task variety and search satisfaction. Transaction logs furnished data on browsing behavious, while interviews of both groups provided additional information about remote use. Results indicate that remote use is comparable to traditional use
    Imprint
    Medford, NJ : Learned Information
    Source
    Integrating technologies - converging professions: proceedings of the 56th Annual Meeting of the American Society for Information Science, Columbus, OH, 24-28 October 1993. Ed.: S. Bonzi
  12. Hinich, M.J.; Molyneux, R.E.: Predicting information flows in network traffic (2003) 0.02 
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    Abstract
    Hinich and Molyneux review the literature of internet measurement and note three results consistently to be found in network traffic studies. These are "self-similarity," "long-range dependence," by which is meant that events in one time are correlated with events in a previous time and remain so through longer time periods than expected, and "heavy tails" by which they mean many small connections with low byte counts and a few long connections with large byte counts. The literature also suggests that conventional time series analysis is not helpful for network analysis. Using a single day's traffic at the Berkeley National Labs web server, cumulated TCP flows were collected, log transforms were used with the adding of .01 to all values allowing log transforms of the zero values, and providing a distribution that overcomes the heavy tail problem. However, Hinich's bicorrelation test for nonlinearity using overlapping moving windows found strong evidence of nonlinear structures. Time series analysis assumes linear systems theory and thus additivity and scalability. Spectral analysis should provide large peaks at the lowest frequencies if long range dependence is present since the power spectrum would go to infinity if the frequency goes to zero. This does not occur and so long range dependence must be questioned, at least until it is determined what effect other OSI layers may have on the TCP data.
    Source
    Journal of the American Society for Information Science and technology. 54(2003) no.2, S.161-168
  13. Peters, T.A.: ¬The online catalog : A critical examination of public use (1991) 0.02 
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    COMPASS
    Information retrieval / Use of / On-line computers
    Subject
    Information retrieval / Use of / On-line computers
  14. Breaks, M.: SuperJANET : Library and information services over a gigabit network (1994) 0.02 
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    Abstract
    Describes the development of SuperJANET, the new optical fibre network for the UK academic and research community. Considers pilot applications for SuperJANET covering library and non library applications and strategic issues to be met for SuperJANET to become an information superhighway. Gigabyte networks will be 1.000 time faster than JANET and will enable sophisticated image and voice communication. SuperJANET uses synchronous digital hierarchy technology. SuperJANET is being developed and and introduced in a number of phases. Discusses supercomputing, library and information services, and strategic issues. Examines the role of technology and librarians in the development of the virtual library
  15. Renouard, H. von: Fachwörterbuch Elektronische Medien und Dienste : Dictionary of electronic media and services (1997) 0.02 
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    Abstract
    This topical dictionary covers all aspects of telecommunication and multimedia applications, including personal computing and Windows terms. A total of 25.000 headwords and 11 tables cover ISDN, radio telephony, net and Internet technology, and net management concepts and standards. Numerous abbreviations are also listed with explanatory comments and cross-references to norms and standards, and tables of all CCITT norms are given in an appendix. More than just a dictionary, this book will be an indispensible reference for all who work in telecommunications and information technology
  16. Ciardhuain, S.O.: Developments in networked bibliographic catalogues (1994) 0.02 
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    Abstract
    Computer and communications technology is having a profound impact on libraries and the way in which they serve their users. Discusses online catalogues in libraries, the development of the Internet and OSI, and the development of search and retrieve (SR) protocols to allow standardized access to library catalogues across communications networks. Considers the deployment of SR protocols, problems with interoperability of clients and servers, interlibrary loan possibilities of SR protocols, and the feasibility of electronic document delivery
  17. Phifer, L.A.: Tearing down the wall : integrating ISO and Internet management (1994) 0.02 
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    Abstract
    The rapid growth of the Internet TCP/IP networks has encouraged the deployment of management products based on the Internet's Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP). However, many organizations, including most telecommunications service providers, continue to define enterprise management solutions based on ISO/CCITT standard management and underlying Common Management Information Protocol (CMIP). Concludes that the key to achieving timely, effective, integrated management is to encourage a transition process aimed away from existing commercial investment in both ISO/CCITT and Internet based management technologies through deployment of common methods and tools which support integration
  18. Lynch, C.A.: ¬The Z39.50 information retrieval standard : part I: a strategic view of its past, present and future (1997) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    The Z39.50 standard for information retrieval is important from a number of perspectives. While still not widely known within the computer networking community, it is a mature standard that represents the culmination of two decades of thinking and debate about how information retrieval functions can be modeled, standardized, and implemented in a distributed systems environment. And - importantly -- it has been tested through substantial deployment experience. Z39.50 is one of the few examples we have to date of a protocol that actually goes beyond codifying mechanism and moves into the area of standardizing shared semantic knowledge. The extent to which this should be a goal of the protocol has been an ongoing source of controversy and tension within the developer community, and differing views on this issue can be seen both in the standard itself and the way that it is used in practice. Given the growing emphasis on issues such as "semantic interoperability" as part of the research agenda for digital libraries (see Clifford A. Lynch and Hector Garcia-Molina. Interoperability, Scaling, and the Digital Libraries Research Agenda, Report on the May 18-19, 1995 IITA Libraries Workshop, <http://www- diglib.stanford.edu/diglib/pub/reports/iita-dlw/main.html>), the insights gained by the Z39.50 community into the complex interactions among various definitions of semantics and interoperability are particularly relevant. The development process for the Z39.50 standard is also of interest in its own right. Its history, dating back to the 1970s, spans a period that saw the eclipse of formal standards-making agencies by groups such as the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) and informal standards development consortia. Moreover, in order to achieve meaningful implementation, Z39.50 had to move beyond its origins in the OSI debacle of the 1980s. Z39.50 has also been, to some extent, a victim of its own success -- or at least promise. Recent versions of the standard are highly extensible, and the consensus process of standards development has made it hospitable to an ever-growing set of new communities and requirements. As this process of extension has proceeded, it has become ever less clear what the appropriate scope and boundaries of the protocol should be, and what expectations one should have of practical interoperability among implementations of the standard. Z39.50 thus offers an excellent case study of the problems involved in managing the evolution of a standard over time. It may well offer useful lessons for the future of other standards such as HTTP and HTML, which seem to be facing some of the same issues.
    This paper, which will appear in two parts, starting with this issue of D-Lib, looks at several strategic issues surrounding Z39.50. After a relatively brief overview of the function and history of the protocol, I will examine some of the competing visions of the protocol's role, with emphasis on issues of interoperability and the incorporation of semantics. The second installment of the paper will look at questions related to the management of the standard and the standards development process, with emphasis on the scope of the protocol and how that relates back again to interoperability questions. The paper concludes with a discussion of the adoption and deployment of the standard, its relationship to other standards, and some speculations on future directions for the protocol. This paper is not intended to be a tutorial on the details of how current or past versions of Z39.50 work. These technical details are covered not only in the standard itself (which can admittedly be rather difficult reading) but also in an array of tutorial and review papers (see <http://lcweb.loc.gov/z3950/agency> for bibliographies and pointers to on-line information on Z39.50). Instead, the paper's focus is on how and why Z39.50 developed the way it did, and the conceptual debates that have influenced its evolution and use. While a detailed technical knowledge of the operation of Z39.50 is certainly helpful, it should not be necessary in order to follow most of the material here. Some disclaimers are in order. I have been actively involved in the development of Z39.50 since the early 1980s and have been a participant -- and on occasion, even an instigator -- of some of the activities described here. This paper is an attempt to make a critical assessment of the current state of Z39.50 and a review of its development with the full benefit of hindsight. It recounts a number of debates that occurred within the developer community over the past years. In many of these, I advocated specific positions or approaches, sometimes successfully and sometimes unsuccessfully. What is presented here is one person's perspective - mine --, which is sometimes at odds with the current consensus with the developer community; I've tried to represent opposing views fairly, and to differentiate my opinions from fact or consensus. However, others will undoubtedly disagree with many of the comments here.
  19. Moen, W.: Information retrieval protocols : Z39.50 and Search & Retrieve via URL (2009) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    Information retrieval (IR) protocols support effective and interoperable intersystem search and retrieval. Although intersystem search methods have been envisioned and under development since the 1970s, it was the Z39.50 IR protocol, first released in 1988, that demonstrated real-world possibilities for such search and retrieval. As the networked information environment changed with the emergence of the World Wide Web, the need for standard IR protocols did not disappear, and one can argue the need is even more compelling given both the visible and invisible Web. A new protocol, based on the experience from Z39.50 but simpler and more comprehensible than Z39.50, is now being used for Web search and retrieval. Search and retrieve via URL (SRU) uses Web technologies and standards resulting in a Web friendly protocol that provides standard search access to existing Z39.50 resources and a wide-range of new non-catalog digital resources. This entry provides both an overview of the two protocols and technical details to understand both. A brief discussion of IR and communications protocols provides background to the specifics of these two IR protocols. Although communication protocols are by their nature technical specifications, this entry focuses on an overview of the functions and capabilities of the protocols. It uses technical concepts and terminology from the protocols to help explain how the protocols work but limits discussion of technical details.
    Source
    Encyclopedia of library and information sciences. 3rd ed. Ed.: M.J. Bates
  20. Sloan, B.G.: Remote access : design implications for the online catalog (1991) 0.01 
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    Date
    8. 1.2007 17:22:42
    Footnote
    Simultaneously published as Enhancing Access to Information: Designing Catalogs for the 21st Century

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