Search (38 results, page 1 of 2)

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Abstract

Library information service assessment studies can help the reference librarian to form an accurate judgement on the library's structure and organization in terms of: efficiency; effectiveness; and cost/benefit ratio. These 3 assessment criteria can be applied to the following areas: staff; users; user requests; answers provided; library information service potential; and collection and documentation resources. Each of these areas yields further sub-categories for evaluation. Data collection methods depend on the end purpose of the assessment study, but may include the issue of questionnaires to librarians and users, and non invasive observation of user activities. The studies can be unpopular, as they may result in cuts in staff or services

Date

6. 4.1996 13:22:31

Footnote

Übers. des Titels: How to assess a library information service

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Footnote

Übers. des Titels: SGML standards and the electronic library

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Abstract

In some areas of librarianship, such as cataloguing and subject classification, there are established rulebooks to guide librarians in their work. Information librarians however have no such aid; their metier is more an art than a profession, since reader queries may concern any aspect of human knowledge. After analysing hundreds of information library reader requests; G. Jahoda and colleagues have sought to formulate self-operating rules for interpreting such queries, utilising the 2 basic elements - what is 'known' and what is 'required' - contained in each request. Lists the categories into which each element breaks down. When presented in matrix form these can indicate the type of reference work to consult to resolve any reader queries

Date

6. 4.1996 13:22:31

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Abstract

An awareness exists among Italian librarians of the need for an established code of ethics for library reference services. Considers the principles that such a code should incorporate; the US Commitment to Information services, for example, affirms users' rights of access to library books and resources, regardless of content and opinions expressed. Censoship is opposed and people are not barred from library use for ethnis, social or religious reasons. An ethical code would require library staff to be impartial, give attention and respect to users, allocate time properly, and avoid prejudice. Discusses the problems of library ethics which arise when user requests relate to sensitive topics e.g. euthansia, cocaine refining

Date

6. 4.1996 13:22:31

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Abstract

Nuovo soggettario, edited by the National Central Library of Florence and published in 2007, is a subject indexing system renewing the existing »Soggettario per i cataloghi delle biblioteche italiane« (1956). The new language has been created according to rules and standards internationally recognized and is made up of various components, of which the multidisciplinary Thesaurus is the central one. This paper describes the facet analysis method adopted in developing the Thesaurus, (the terms of which derive mainly from the daily indexing work of the Italian National Bibliography) and how this has been applied to the semantic structure for legal terms. Details are also given concerning problems deriving from the overlapping of facets and how these are being resolved.

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Footnote

Rez. in: Knowledge organization 34(2007) no.1, S.58-60 (P. Buizza): "This Nuovo soggettario is the first sign of subject indexing renewal in Italy. Italian subject indexing has been based until now on Soggettario per i cataloghi delle biblioteche italiane (Firenze, 1956), a list of preferred terms and see references, with suitable hierarchical subdivisions and cross references, derived from the subject catalogue of the National Library in Florence (BNCF). New headings later used in Bibliografia nazionale italiana (BNI) were added without references, nor indeed with any real maintenance. Systematic instructions on how to combine the terms are lacking: the indexer using this instrument is obliged to infer the order of terms absent from the lists by consulting analogous entries. Italian libraries are suffering from the limits of this subject catalogue: vocabulary is inadequate, obsolete and inconsistent, the syndetic structure incomplete and inaccurate, and the syntax ill-defined, poorly explained and unable to reflect complex subjects. In the nineties, the Subject Indexing Research Group (Gruppo di ricerca sull'indicizzazione per soggetto, GRIS) of the AIB (Italian Library Association) developed the indexing theory and some principles of PRECIS and drew up guidelines based on consistent principles for vocabulary, semantic relationships and subject string construction, the latter according to role syntax (Guida 1997). In overhauling the Soggettario, the National Library in Florence aimed at a comprehensive indexing system. (A report on the method and evolution of the work has been published in Knowledge Organization (Lucarelli 2005), while the feasibility study is available in Italian (Per un nuovo Soggettario 2002). Any usable terms from the old Soggettario will be transferred to the new system, while taking into consideration international norms and interlinguistic compatibility, as well as applications outside the immediate library context. The terms will be accessible via a suitable OPAC operating on the most advanced software.
The guide Nuovo soggettario was presented on February 8' 2007 at a one-day seminar in the Palazzo Vecchio, Florence, in front of some 500 spellbound people. The Nuovo soggettario comes in two parts: the guide in book-form and an accompanying CD-ROM, by way of which a prototype of the thesaurus may be accessed on the Internet. In the former, rules are stated; the latter contains a pdf version of the guide and the first installment of the controlled vocabulary, which is to be further enriched and refined. Syntactic instructions (general application guidelines, as well as special annotations of particular terms) and the compiled subject strings file have yet to be added. The essentials of the new system are: 1) an analytic-synthetic approach, 2) use of terms (units of controlled vocabulary) and subject strings (which represent subjects by combining terms in linear order to form syntactic relationships), instead of main headings and subdivisions, 3) specificity of terms and strings, with a view to the co-extension of subject string and subject matter and 4) a clear distinction between semantic and syntactic relationships, with full control of them both. Basic features of the vocabulary include the uniformity and univocality of terms and thesaural management of a priori (semantic) relationships. Starting from its definition, each term can be categorially analyzed: four macro-categories are represented (agents, action, things, time), for which there are subcategories called facets (e.g., for actions: activities, disciplines, processes), which in turn have sub-facets. Morphological instructions conform to national and international standards, including BS 8723, ANSI/ NISO Z39.19 and the IFLA draft of Guidelines for multilingual thesauri, even for syntactic factorization. Different kinds of semantic relationships are represented thoroughly, and particular attention is paid to poly-hierarchies, which are used only in moderation: both top terms must actually be relevant. Node labels are used to specify the principle of division applied. Instance relationships are also used.

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Abstract

The aim of control the economic, social and environmental aspects connected to the construction of a building imposes a systematic approach for which t is necessary to make test models aimed to a coordinate analysis of different and independent performance issues. BIM technology, referring to interoperable informative models, offers a significant operative basis to achieve this necessity. In most of the cases, informative models concentrate on a product-based digital models collection built in a virtual space, more than on the simulation of their relational behaviors. This relation, instead, is the most important aspect of modelling because it marks and characterizes the interactions that can define the building as a system. This study presents the use of standard classification systems as tools for both the activation and validation of an integrated performance-based building process. By referring categories and types of the informative model to the codes of a technological and performance-based classification system, it is possible to link and coordinate functional units and their elements with the indications required by the AEC standards. In this way, progressing with an incremental logic, it is possible to achieve the management of the requirements of the whole building and the monitoring of the fulfilment of design objectives and specific normative guidelines.

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Abstract

Considers the 2 conflicting phenomena of disintermediation and information overload, which in the Internet era respectively pose a threat and offer an opportunity to the librarian and information science profession. User-orientated commercial products and services are tending to promote user information autonomy; but, more positively, the online electronic publication explosion has impelled librarians to cretae Net information resource catalogues, and the IT community to devise novel Internet access tools. Librarians will thus have a useful role to fulfil in both the free and fee-paying E-information sectors as cybrarians or information managers

Footnote

Übers. d. Titels: Towards the information society

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Abstract

Bibliography' s claim to be a discipline is founded on its specific and exclusive concerns with knowledge organization structures and with the logical tools needed for indexing procedures. Discusses in a historical context the theoretical bases of bibliography, exploring such themes as the problems of author/reader communication and the abandonment of university accepted document classification criteria. Suggests that probably the only way to restore bibliographic communication is to adopt cognitive and regulatory 'maps' based on literary communication

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Abstract

Examines international library journal articles on the theme of current developments in library reference services. Some aspects discussed include: customer service implications for reference practice; countering information overload the role of the librarian; improving the quality of telephone reference services; information resources and democracy; students and the information search process; ethnicity and information seeking; building local history collections through guided autobiography; the vertical file retain or discard?

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Date

22. 2.1999 20:40:57

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Abstract

Pro-Cite is a high quality bibliography formatting software program designed for the efficient management of a text data file. The program can sort the lists of bibliographical references provided by abstracts and keywords in variable length fields, prepare selected lists classified in different ways so that writing is needed once only, and provide a variety of output formats. Describes Pro-Cite database organization, editing procedures, the authority file, reformatting and input, the inverted file quick search field, sorting, and output. Summarizes the pros and cons of the system

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Date

22. 2.1999 20:41:06

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Abstract

Looks at how new information search and retrieval technology is creating the so-called desktop library. Current full text retrieval (FTR) systems have extended search operations to the whole content of an electronic document. Research can be not simply Boolean but also by natural language processing (NLP). A matter of concern to librarians is the ability of the latest FTR search angines to construct automatic indexes. In the field of network information discovery and retrieval (NIDR) the 2 most important protocols for librarians are the international SR / Z39.50 standard and http. Describes the differing operations of FTR and NIDR as they affect the end-user

Footnote

Übers. des Titels: Information search and retrieval

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Abstract

Presents the basic ideas underlying fuzzy set theory, developed by Zadeh in the 1960s, which has important appplications in information retrieval and documentation. A fuzzy information retrieval system is much less restrictive that a Boolean model, since results can be arranged according to degree of similarity. Another application of the theory concerns the use of linguistic quantifiers; this type of solution is well adapted to retrieval systems designed for direct operation by end-users. Illustraes with examples fuzzy set algebra, operation, relationships, logic and reasoning

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Abstract

Describes how the small-scale public information service at Milan's Universita degli Studi Political Sciences library coped with the emergency caused by the sudden resignation of its reference librarian by drafting in on a part-time replacement basis existing library staff without previous reference desk experience. Outlines their intensive training in the information technology needed to enable them to provide the differing materials and services required by 3 classes of reader: undergraduates, graduates and postgraduates

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Abstract

The Stuttgart University of Library and Information Studies has collected interesting data from a questionnaire based study of CDS/ISIS retrieval system application. Replies from 34 worldwide users, all with Internet access, suggest that CDS/ISIS is mostly used with stand-alone PCs, and that there is much interest in the possible use of CDS/ISIS on UNIX platforms. In 19 cases, CDS/ISIS application s relate to library functions, while in the areas of technology, medicine and the environment most databases are CDS/ISIS-structured and designed for local or internal use. The study also provides data on areas such as CDS/ISIS user groups and development programmes

Footnote

Übers. des Titels: International documentation with CDS/ISIS: a project by the University of Library and Information Studies of Stuttgart

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Abstract

The Toolkit designed by the RDA Steering Committee makes Resource Description and Access available on the web, together with other useful documents (workflows, mappings, etc.). Reading, learning and memorizing are interconnected, and a working tool should make these activities faster and easier to perform. Some issues arise while verifying the real easiness of use and learning of the tool. The practical and formal requirements for a cataloguing code include plain language, ease of memorisation, clarity of instructions, familiarity for users, predictability and reproducibility of solutions, and general usability. From a formal point of view, the RDA text does not appear to be conceived for an uninterrupted reading, but just for reading of few paragraphs for temporary catalographic needs. From a content point of view, having a syndetic view of the description of a resource is rather difficult: catalographic details are scattered and their re-organization is not easy. The visualisation and logical organisation in the Toolkit could be improved: the table of contents occupies a sizable portion of the screen and resizing or hiding it is not easy; the indentation leaves little space to the words; inhomogeneous font styles (italic and bold) and poor contrast between background and text colours make reading not easy; simultaneous visualization of two or more parts of the text is not allowed; and Toolkit's icons are less intuitive than expected. In the conclusion, some suggestions on how to improve the Toolkit's aspects and usability are provided.