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  • × author_ss:"Nicholas, D."
  1. Nicholas, D.; Frossling, I.: ¬The end-user cometh and cometh again and again (1996) 0.02
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    Source
    Online information 96: 20th International online information meeting, Proceedings, London, 3-5 December 1996. Ed.: D.I. Raitt u. B. Jeapes
    Type
    a
  2. Nicholas, D.; Williams, P.: ¬The changing information environment : the impact of the Internet on information seeking behaviour in the media (1999) 0.02
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    Abstract
    Journalists were chosen for study because it was felt that they would be, as information seekers and packagers par excellence, in the advanced guard of Internet users and setting the pace. As it turned out this was not to be case. Despite what appear to be the considerable and direct benefits for them, after having interviewed approximately 150 journalists and observed the action in a variety of news rooms, it appears that less than one in five national journalist use the Internet and the proportion is much less than that for regional journalists. If this poor Internet take up in the workplace was unexpected, another surprise is the characteristics of those who have actually taken the Internet route. Far from being the stereotypical young and male, most are well practised journalist into their thirties/forties, which, of course, runs counter to all that we have been led to believe. Surprisingly, the study showed as much, if not more, interest in using the Internet from the supposedly `busy' senior managers and editors than in the rank and file.
    Source
    Exploring the contexts of information behaviour: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Research in Information Needs, Seeking and Use in Different Contexts, 13-15 August 1998, Sheffield, UK. Ed. by D.K. Wilson u. D.K. Allen
    Type
    a
  3. Nicholas, D.; Huntington, P.; Jamali, H.R.; Rowlands, I.; Fieldhouse, M.: Student digital information-seeking behaviour in context (2009) 0.02
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    Abstract
    Purpose - This study provides evidence on the actual information-seeking behaviour of students in a digital scholarly environment, not what they thought they did. It also compares student information-seeking behaviour with that of other academic communities, and, in some cases, for practitioners. Design/methodology/approach - Data were gathered as part of CIBER's ongoing Virtual Scholar programme. In particular log data from two digital journals libraries, Blackwell Synergy and OhioLINK, and one e-book collection (Oxford Scholarship Online) are utilized. Findings - The study showed a distinctive form of information-seeking behaviour associated with students and differences between them and other members of the academic community. For example, students constituted the biggest users in terms of sessions and pages viewed, and they were more likely to undertake longer online sessions. Undergraduates and postgraduates were the most likely users of library links to access scholarly databases, suggesting an important "hot link" role for libraries. Originality/value - Few studies have focused on the actual (rather than perceived) information-seeking behaviour of students. The study fills that gap.
    Date
    23. 2.2009 17:22:41
    Type
    a
  4. Williams, P.; Nicholas, D.: Navigating the news net : how news consumers read the electronic version of a daily newspaper (2001) 0.01
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    Type
    a
  5. Nicholas, D.: Are information professionals really better online searchers than end-users? : (and whose story do you believe?) (1995) 0.01
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    Abstract
    Examines the searching behaviour of Guardian journalists searching FT PROFILE online system. Using transactional log analysis compares the searching styles of journalists with those of Guardian librarians. In some respects end users conform to the picture that professionals have of them - they search with a very limited range of commands - but in other respects they confound that image - they are very quick and economical searchers. Their behaviour relates to their general information seeking behaviour, and their searching styles would be seen in this regard
    Source
    Online information 95: Proceedings of the 19th International online information meeting, London, 5-7 December 1995. Ed.: D.I. Raitt u. B. Jeapes
    Type
    a
  6. Nicholas, D.; Huntington, P.; Williams, P.: ¬The characteristics of users and non-users of a kiosk information system (2004) 0.01
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    Abstract
    Touch-screen kiosks are located in a variety of locations to provide the public with ready access to health information. This paper examines, via a questionnaire, the characteristics of adult users of a surgery-based kiosk. The Esk Medical Centre is in Musselburgh, near Edinburgh. Just under 200 questionnaires were returned and analysed. The research establishes characteristics of users and non-users, how the kiosk fits in with other consumer information sources, what health outcomes result from using the kiosk, and reasons for non-use. The main finding is that the respondents' attitude and previous experience with information technology has an impact on whether the touch-screen kiosk is used.
    Type
    a
  7. Nicholas, D.; Huntington, P.; Williams, P.; Dobrowolski, T.: Re-appraising information seeking behaviour in a digital environment : bouncers, checkers, returnees and the like (2004) 0.01
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    Abstract
    Collating data from a number of log and questionnaire studies conducted largely into the use of a range of consumer health digital information platforms, Centre for Information Behaviour and the Evaluation of Research (Ciber) researchers describe some new thoughts on characterising (and naming) information seeking behaviour in the digital environment, and in so doing, suggest a new typology of digital users. The characteristic behaviour found is one of bouncing in which users seldom penetrate a site to any depth, tend to visit a number of sites for any given information need and seldom return to sites they once visited. They tend to "feed" for information horizontally, and whether they search a site of not depends heavily on "digital visibility", which in turn creates all the conditions for "bouncing". The question whether this type of information seeking represents a form of "dumbing down or up", and what it all means for publishers, librarians and information providers, who might be working on other, possible outdated usage paradigms, is discussed.
    Type
    a
  8. Nicholas, D.; Huntington, P.; Williams, P.: ¬The impact of location on the use of information systems : case study - health information kiosks (2002) 0.01
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    Abstract
    Touch-screen kiosks are situated in a variety of locations to provide the public with ready access to health information. This paper examines their use, via the transactional logs, and makes comparisons between the types of organisation in which the kiosks are housed. Twenty-one kiosks were selected and categorised into four groups - pharmacy, hospital, information centre and surgery. A small case study features a supermarket kiosk. Details of nearly 90,000 user sessions and 750,000 page views were used for the comparison. Comparisons between sites were made in terms of number of users, their age and gender, trends over time, the number of sessions conducted, page view time, session duration, pages viewed, site penetration, number of pages printed and health topics viewed. There were considerable differences between the kiosk locations. This early research provides the quantitative foundation for a fuller study of kiosk location and the differences in perceptions of the quality/authority of kiosk data.
    Type
    a
  9. Nicholas, D.; Huntington, P.; Watkinson, A.: Digital journals, Big Deals and online searching behaviour : a pilot study (2003) 0.01
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    Abstract
    Evaluates, through deep log analysis, the impact of "Big Deal" agreements on the online searching behaviour of users of the Emerald digital library Web site, which provides access to more than 150 journals in the fields of business and information science. The purpose of the evaluation was to map the online information seeking behaviour of the digital library user and to see whether those signed-up to a Big Deal arrangement behaved any differently from the others. In general they did. The real surprise proved to be the strong consumer traits of the library's users. Research reported here refers to the first stage of a three-stage research project.
    Type
    a
  10. Nicholas, D.; Huntingdon, P.; Williams, P.: Evaluating digital platforms, services, channels and sites professionally (2003) 0.01
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  11. Rowlands, I.; Nicholas, D.; Williams, P.; Huntington, P.; Fieldhouse, M.; Gunter, B.; Withey, R.; Jamali, H.R.; Dobrowolski, T.; Tenopir, C.: ¬The Google generation : the information behaviour of the researcher of the future (2008) 0.01
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    Abstract
    Purpose - This article is an edited version of a report commissioned by the British Library and JISC to identify how the specialist researchers of the future (those born after 1993) are likely to access and interact with digital resources in five to ten years' time. The purpose is to investigate the impact of digital transition on the information behaviour of the Google Generation and to guide library and information services to anticipate and react to any new or emerging behaviours in the most effective way. Design/methodology/approach - The study was virtually longitudinal and is based on a number of extensive reviews of related literature, survey data mining and a deep log analysis of a British Library and a JISC web site intended for younger people. Findings - The study shows that much of the impact of ICTs on the young has been overestimated. The study claims that although young people demonstrate an apparent ease and familiarity with computers, they rely heavily on search engines, view rather than read and do not possess the critical and analytical skills to assess the information that they find on the web. Originality/value - The paper reports on a study that overturns the common assumption that the "Google generation" is the most web-literate.
    Type
    a
  12. Huntington, P.; Nicholas, D.; Homewood, J.; Polydoratou, P.; Gunter, B.; Russell, C.; Withey, R.: ¬The general public's use of (and attitudes towards) interactive, personal digital health information and advisory services (2004) 0.01
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    Abstract
    Examines statistically the public's use and attitudes towards interactive and personal health services via an online questionnaire survey and enhances these data with an expert assessment of a number of consumer health sites and their services. Over a period of three weeks more than 1,300 people responded to an online questionnaire produced by The British Life and Internet Project. Of the respondents, 81 per cent were British. The likely potential uptake figure for support group participation among Internet health users is about 20 per cent while around 11 to 13 per cent will go online to describe a medical condition. Those in poor heath were approximately ten to 13 times more likely to have participated in an online support group. Those aged over 65 were four times as likely to e-mail their doctor. More positive health outcomes were associated with those respondents that participated in online support groups and the least number of health outcomes were associated with those people that maintained e-mail contact with a doctor or surgery.
    Type
    a
  13. Nicholas, D.; Williams, P.; Cole, P.; Martin, H.: ¬The impact of the Internet on information seeking in the Media (2000) 0.01
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    Abstract
    There is very little qualitative data on what impact the Internet is having on information seeking in the workplace. Using open-ended interviews, questionnaires and observation, the impact of the Internet on the British Media was assessed. The focus was largely on newspapers, with The Guardian being covered in some depth. Over 300 journalists and media librarians were surveyed. It was found that amongst traditional journalists use was light. Poor access to the Internet - and good access to other information resources - were largely the reasons for this. Of the journalists it was mainly the older and more senior journalists and the New Media journalists who used the Internet. Librarians were also significant users. Searching the World Wide Web was the principal Internet activity and use was generally conservative in character. Newspapers and official sites were favoured, and searches were mainly of a fact-checking nature. Email was used on a very limited scale and was not regarded as a serious journalistic tool. Non-users were partly put off by the Internet's potential for overloading them with information and its reputation for producing information of suspect quality. Users generally dismissed these concerns, dealing with potential overload and quality problems largely by using authoritative sites and exploiting the lower quality data where it was needed. Where the Internet has been used it has not been at the expense of other information sources or communication channels, but online hosts seem to be at most risk in the future.
    Type
    a
  14. Polydoratou, P.; Nicholas, D.: Familiarity with and use of metadata formats and metadata registries amongst those working in diverse professional communities within the information sector (2001) 0.01
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    Abstract
    Metadata registries are considered to be a solution to the problem of ata sharing and standardising of information on the Internet. The International Organization for Information recognised the need for a standardised approach to this problem and produce ISO/IEC 11179 Information Technology - Specification and standardisation of data elements. As part of an ongoing research project on the ISO/IEC 11179 metadata registries implementation a questionnaire survey was carried out on four discussion lists an the EU funded SCHEMAS 2nd workshop (23-24th November 2000). Results from this survey, which was essentially aiming to identify how familiar people were with metadata and metadata registries, are presented along with a brief introduction to the ISO/IEC 11179 Information Technology - Specification and standardisation of data elements standard.
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    a
  15. Nicholas, D.; Huntington, P.; Jamali, H.R.; Dobrowolski, T.: Characterising and evaluating information seeking behaviour in a digital environment : Spotlight on the 'bouncer' (2007) 0.01
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    Abstract
    The paper delineates and explains an emerging, but significant, form of digital information seeking behaviour among information consumers, which the authors have called 'bouncing'. The evidence for this behaviour has emerged from five years of deep log analysis studies - an advanced form of transaction log analysis - of a wide range of users of digital information resources. Much of the evidence and discussion provided comes from the scholarly communication field. Two main bouncing metrics were applied in the log studies: site penetration, which is the number of items or pages viewed in a session, and return visits. The evidence shows that (1) a high proportion of people view just a few items or pages during a visit to a site and, (2) a high proportion of visitors either do not come back to the site or they did so infrequently. Typically those who penetrated a site least tended to return the least frequently. These people are termed 'bouncers'. They bounce into the site and then bounce out again, presumably, to another site, as a high proportion of them do not appear to come back again. Possible explanations - negative and positive, for the form of behaviour are discussed.
    Type
    a
  16. Nicholas, D.; Huntington, P.; Gunter, B.; Withey, R.; Russell, C.: ¬The British and their use of the Web for health information and advice : a survey (2003) 0.01
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    Abstract
    In the UK, both anecdotal and research evidence points to ever greater and more sophisticated use of the Web to provide health information and advice. The study reported here adds to this research with an online survey of Internet users' reported use of the Web to access information about health and their opinions about the advice that can be obtained there. Over a period of three weeks more than 1,300 people responded to an online questionnaire produced by The British Life and Internet Project; 81 per cent or 997 of the respondents were British. The prime purpose of the questionnaire was to obtain information on the characteristics of the users of health information Web sites, to obtain feedback regarding for what they used online health sites and what were the perceived outcomes associated with using online health information.
    Type
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  17. Nicholas, D.; Huntington, P.; Jamali, H.R.; Rowlands, I.; Dobrowolski, T.; Tenopir, C.: Viewing and reading behaviour in a virtual environment : the full-text download and what can be read into it (2008) 0.01
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    Abstract
    Purpose - This article aims to focus on usage data in respect to full-text downloads of journal articles, which is considered an important usage (satisfaction) metric by librarians and publishers. The purpose is to evaluate the evidence regarding full-text viewing by pooling together data on the full-text viewing of tens of thousands of users studied as part of a number of investigations of e-journal databases conducted during the Virtual Scholar research programme. Design/methodology/approach - The paper reviews the web logs of a number of electronic journal libraries including OhioLINK and ScienceDirect using Deep Log Analysis, which is a more sophisticated form of transactional log analysis. The frequency, characteristics and diversity of full-text viewing are examined. The article also features an investigation into the time spent online viewing full-text articles in order to get a clearer understanding of the significance of full-text viewing, especially in regard to reading. Findings - The main findings are that there is a great deal of variety amongst scholars in their full-text viewing habits and that a large proportion of views are very cursory in nature, although there is survey evidence to suggest that reading goes on offline. Originality/value - This is the first time that full-text viewing evidence is studied on such a large scale.
    Type
    a
  18. Nicholas, D.; Huntington, P.; Jamali, H.R.; Tenopir, C.: What deep log analysis tells us about the impact of big deals : case study OhioLINK (2006) 0.01
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    Abstract
    Purpose - This article presents the early findings of an exploratory deep log analysis of journal usage on OhioLINK, conducted as part of the MaxData project funded by the US Institute of Museum and Library Services. OhioLINK, the original "big deal", provides a single digital platform of nearly 6,000 full-text journal for more than 600,000 people in the state of Ohio. The purpose of the paper is not only to present findings from the deep log analysis of journal usage on OhioLINK, but, arguably more importantly, to try test a new method of analysing online information user behaviour - deep log analysis. Design/methodology/approach - The raw server logs were obtained for the period June 2004 to December 2004. For this exploratory study one month (October) of the on-campus usage logs and seven months of the off-campus transaction logs were analysed. Findings - During this period approximately 1,215,000 items were viewed on campus in October 2004 and 1,894,000 items viewed off campus between June and December 2004. The paper presents a number of usage analyses including: number of journals used, titles of journals used, use over time, a returnee analysis and a special analysis of subject, date and method of access. Practical implications - The research findings help libraries evaluate the efficiency of big deal and one-stop shopping for scholarly journals and also investigate their users' information seeking behaviours. Originality/value - The research is a part of efforts to test the applications of a new methodology, deep log analysis, for use and user studies. It also represents the most substantial independent analysis of, possibly, the most important and significant of the journal big deals ever conducted.
    Type
    a
  19. Huntington, P.; Nicholas, D.; Jamali, H.R.: Website usage metrics : a re-assessment of session data (2008) 0.01
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    Abstract
    Metrics derived from user visits or sessions provide a means of evaluating Websites and an important insight into online information seeking behaviour, the most important of them being the duration of sessions and the number of pages viewed in a session, a possible busyness indicator. However, the identification of session (termed often 'sessionization') is fraught with difficulty in that there is no way of determining from a transactional log file that a user has ended their session. No one logs out. Instead a session delimiter has to be applied and this is typically done on the basis of a standard period of inactivity. To date researchers have discussed the issue of a time out delimiter in terms of a single value and if a page view time exceeds the cut-off value the session is deemed to have ended. This approach assumes that page view time is a single distribution and that the cut-off value is one point on that distribution. The authors however argue that page time distribution is composed of a number of quite separate view time distributions because of the marked differences in view times between pages (abstract, contents page, full text). This implies that a number of timeout delimiters should be applied. Employing data from a study of the OhioLINK digital journal library, the authors demonstrate how the setting of a time out delimiter impacts on the estimate of page view time and the number of estimated session. Furthermore, they also show how a number of timeout delimiters might apply and they argue that this gives a better and more robust estimate of the number of sessions, session time and page view time compared to an application of a single timeout delimiter.
    Type
    a
  20. Huntington, P.; Nicholas, D.; Jamali, H.R.; Tenopir, C.: Article decay in the digital environment : an analysis of usage of OhioLINK by date of publication, employing deep log methods (2006) 0.01
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    Abstract
    The article presents the early findings of an exploratory deep log analysis of journal usage on OhioLINK, conducted as part of the MaxData project, funded by the U.S. Institute of Museum and Library Services. OhioLINK, the original Big Deal, provides a single digital platform of nearly 6,000 full-text journals for more than 600,000 people; for the purposes of the analysis, the raw logs were obtained from OhioLINK for the period June 2004 to December 2004. During this period approximately 1,215,000 items were viewed on campus in October 2004 and 1,894,000 items viewed off campus between June and December 2004. This article provides an analysis of the age of material that users consulted. From a methodological point of view OhioLINK offered an attractive platform to conduct age of publication usage studies because it is one of the oldest e-journal libraries and thus offered a relatively long archive and stable platform to conduct the studies. The project sought to determine whether the subject, the search approach adopted, and the type of journal item viewed (contents page, abstract, full-text article, etc.) was a factor in regard to the age of articles used.
    Type
    a