-
Martin, W.J.: ¬The information society (1995)
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- Date
- 15. 7.2002 14:22:55
- LCSH
- Information storage and retrieval systems / Social aspects
- PRECIS
- Society / Effects of technological development in information systems
- Subject
- Information storage and retrieval systems / Social aspects
Society / Effects of technological development in information systems
- Theme
- Information
-
Crowe, M.; Beeby, R.; Gammack, J.: Constructing systems and information : a process view (1996)
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- Abstract
- Within dynamic organizations, information systems often fail to adapt to changing requirements and structures. The book presents a different view of IS provision, based on end-user information systems construction, as a means of avoiding many of the recognized problems. Adopting a philosophy of constructivism, emphasizing psychological and social factors in information construction, the authors examine different types of systems across natural and social sciences
- Content
- Enthält u.a. die Kapitel: A constructivist approach to systems, science and constructivism, organizations as systems
- Date
- 25.12.2001 13:22:30
- Series
- The McGraw-Hill information systems, management and strategy series
- Theme
- Information
-
Smith, L.C.: "Wholly new forms of encyclopedias" : electronic knowledge in the form of hypertext (1989)
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- Abstract
- The history of encyclopedias and wholly new forms of encyclopedias are briefly reviewed. The possibilities and problems that hypertext presents as a basis for new forms of encyclopedias are explored. The capabilities of current systems, both experimental and commercially available, are outlined, focusing on new possibilities for authoring and design and for reading the retrieval. Examples of applications already making use of hypertext are given.
- Date
- 7. 1.1996 22:47:52
- Source
- Information, knowledge, evolution. Proceedings of the 44th FID Congress, Helsinki, 28.8.-1.9.1988. Ed. by S. Koshiala and R. Launo
- Theme
- Information
-
Gödert, W.; Lepsky, K.: Informationelle Kompetenz : ein humanistischer Entwurf (2019)
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- Footnote
- Rez. in: Philosophisch-ethische Rezensionen vom 09.11.2019 (Jürgen Czogalla), Unter: https://philosophisch-ethische-rezensionen.de/rezension/Goedert1.html. In: B.I.T. online 23(2020) H.3, S.345-347 (W. Sühl-Strohmenger) [Unter: https%3A%2F%2Fwww.b-i-t-online.de%2Fheft%2F2020-03-rezensionen.pdf&usg=AOvVaw0iY3f_zNcvEjeZ6inHVnOK]. In: Open Password Nr. 805 vom 14.08.2020 (H.-C. Hobohm) [Unter: https://www.password-online.de/?mailpoet_router&endpoint=view_in_browser&action=view&data=WzE0MywiOGI3NjZkZmNkZjQ1IiwwLDAsMTMxLDFd].
- Theme
- Information
-
fwt: Wie das Gehirn Bilder 'liest' (1999)
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- Date
- 22. 7.2000 19:01:22
- Theme
- Information
-
Liebenau, J.; Backhouse, J.: Understanding information : an introduction (1990)
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- LCSH
- Information storage and retrieval systems
- PRECIS
- Information systems
- Series
- Macmillan information systems series
- Subject
- Information storage and retrieval systems
Information systems
- Theme
- Information
-
Fallis, D.: Social epistemology and information science (2006)
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- Date
- 13. 7.2008 19:22:28
- Source
- Annual review of information science and technology. 40(2006), S.xxx-xxx
- Theme
- Information
-
Hartel, J.: ¬The red thread of information (2020)
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- Abstract
- Purpose In The Invisible Substrate of Information Science, a landmark article about the discipline of information science, Marcia J. Bates wrote that ".we are always looking for the red thread of information in the social texture of people's lives" (1999a, p. 1048). To sharpen our understanding of information science and to elaborate Bates' idea, the work at hand answers the question: Just what does the red thread of information entail? Design/methodology/approach Through a close reading of Bates' oeuvre and by applying concepts from the reference literature of information science, nine composite entities that qualify as the red thread of information are identified, elaborated, and related to existing concepts in the information science literature. In the spirit of a scientist-poet (White, 1999), several playful metaphors related to the color red are employed. Findings Bates' red thread of information entails: terms, genres, literatures, classification systems, scholarly communication, information retrieval, information experience, information institutions, and information policy. This same constellation of phenomena can be found in resonant visions of information science, namely, domain analysis (Hjørland, 2002), ethnography of infrastructure (Star, 1999), and social epistemology (Shera, 1968). Research limitations/implications With the vital vermilion filament in clear view, newcomers can more easily engage the material, conceptual, and social machinery of information science, and specialists are reminded of what constitutes information science as a whole. Future researchers and scientist-poets may wish to supplement the nine composite entities with additional, emergent information phenomena. Originality/value Though the explication of information science that follows is relatively orthodox and time-bound, the paper offers an imaginative, accessible, yet technically precise way of understanding the field.
- Date
- 30. 4.2020 21:03:22
- Theme
- Information
-
Rouse, W.B.; Rouse, S.H.: Human information seeking and design of information systems (1984)
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- Abstract
- The literature of psychology, library science, management, computer science, and systems engineering is reviewed and integrated into an overall perspective of human information seeking and the design of information systems. The nature of information seeking is considered in terms of its role in decision making and problem solving, the dynamics of the process, and the value of information. Discussions of human information seeking focus on basic psychological studies, effects of cognitive style, and models of human behavior. Design issues considered include attributes of information systems, analysis of information needs, aids for information seeking, and evaluation of information systems
- Source
- Information processing and management. 20(1984) no.3, S.129-138
- Theme
- Information
-
Repo, A.J.: ¬The dual approach to the value of information : an appraisal of use and exchange values (1989)
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- Source
- Information processing and management. 22(1986) no.5, S.373-383
- Theme
- Information
-
Eiriksson, J.M.; Retsloff, J.M.: Librarians in the 'information age' : promoter of change or provider of stability? (2005)
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- Abstract
- When we were all facing the turn of the century and the somewhat larger turn of the millennium, we left behind epochs of colonialism, imperialism, capitalism, nazism and racialism. Not that the ideologies mentioned does no longer exist, but their impact as grand narratives has gone and they now exist as fragmented discursive parts of their former, illusive hegemony. Parts that have been thrown into the pits of post modern complexity. The 21st century holds no answers, no new meaning, at most it provides human communication a certain self reflectivity due to the increasing egocentrism and individuality of people (i.e. still mostly western people). Another symptom of the loss of grand narratives is a feeling of loss of meaning in everyday life, as well as the state of democracies around the world. Democracy shivers in its void between anarchy and repressive dictatorship. The description 'information age' provides the times we are in with a useful sticker. It tents both back in time e.g. the late 20, century digitalisation and forward in time by givingr origin to the contemporary discourse of social semantics i.e. Dream society, Knowledge society, Post modern society, Risk society, Hypercomplex society etc. The phrase 'information age' implied the introduction of a paradigm shift, and now it is still here showing that paradigms do not shift, they slide. This paper outlines a manifest for librarians and librarianship of the information age. The information age puts the spotlight on the librarian, both regarding classical tasks such as classification and cataloguing as well as new tasks such as systems analysis and design or database searching.
Complexity establishes a paradox between the tasks of preserving old knowledge (memory function) and facilitate cognitive dissonance in order to challenge established knowledge claims and create new knowledge (catalyser function). Through complexity all social systems organisations, discourse communities, ideologies) face an environment (or surrounding) that is characterised through its instability and contingency. What is real, or presumable real from one point of view can appear completely different from another point of view. Different discourses of meaning and significance float, blend and separates themselves form each other the arena of communication. The library has to both keep record of what has happened, as well as take part in the ongoing battles for new discursive hegemonies. The unity of the paradox of memory and catalysing is described as managing complexity and requires a conscious and constant oscillation between order and chaos, stability and change. The role of the librarian is defined through an analysis of contemporary social semantics as well as the technical, ethical, cultural and epistemological challenges facing us as librarians and information specialists.
- Date
- 22. 7.2009 11:23:22
- Source
- Librarianship in the information age: Proceedings of the 13th BOBCATSSS Symposium, 31 January - 2 February 2005 in Budapest, Hungary. Eds.: Marte Langeland u.a
- Theme
- Information
-
Liang, T.-Y.: ¬The basic entity model : a theoretical model of information processing, decision making and information systems (1996)
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- Abstract
- The basic entity model aims to provide information processing with a better theoretical foundation. Human information processing systems are perceived as physical symbol systems. The 4 basic entities that these systems handle are: data, information, knowledge and wisdom. The postulates fundamental to the model are the laws of boundary, interaction, and constructed information systems. The transformation of the basic entities taking place in the model create an information space that contains a set of information states in a particular knowledge domain. The space serves as a platform for decision making. Uses the model to analyze the strucuture of constructed information systems mathematically. Adopts the ontological, deep structure approach
- Source
- Information processing and management. 32(1996) no.4, S.477-487
- Theme
- Information
-
Stock, W.G.: Wissenschaftsinformatik : Fundierung, Gegenstand und Methoden (1980)
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- Source
- Ratio. 22(1980), S.155-164
- Theme
- Information
-
Houston, R.D.; Harmon, E.G.: Re-envisioning the information concept : systematic definitions (2002)
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- Abstract
- This paper suggests a framework and systematic definitions for 6 words commonly used in dthe field of information science: data, information, knowledge, wisdom, inspiration, and intelligence. We intend these definitions to lead to a quantification of information science, a quantification that will enable their measurement, manipulastion, and prediction.
- Date
- 22. 2.2007 18:56:23
22. 2.2007 19:22:13
- Source
- Emerging frameworks and methods: Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on the Conceptions of Library and Information Science (CoLIS4), Seattle, WA, July 21 - 25, 2002. Eds.: Fidel, R., H. Bruce, P. Ingwersen u. P. Vakkari
- Theme
- Information
-
Stonier, T.: What is information? (1986)
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- Source
- Research and development in expert systems III. Ed.: M.A. Bramer
- Theme
- Information
-
Zhang, P.; Soergel, D.: Towards a comprehensive model of the cognitive process and mechanisms of individual sensemaking (2014)
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- Abstract
- This review introduces a comprehensive model of the cognitive process and mechanisms of individual sensemaking to provide a theoretical basis for: - empirical studies that improve our understanding of the cognitive process and mechanisms of sensemaking and integration of results of such studies; - education in critical thinking and sensemaking skills; - the design of sensemaking assistant tools that support and guide users. The paper reviews and extends existing sensemaking models with ideas from learning and cognition. It reviews literature on sensemaking models in human-computer interaction (HCI), cognitive system engineering, organizational communication, and library and information sciences (LIS), learning theories, cognitive psychology, and task-based information seeking. The model resulting from this synthesis moves to a stronger basis for explaining sensemaking behaviors and conceptual changes. The model illustrates the iterative processes of sensemaking, extends existing models that focus on activities by integrating cognitive mechanisms and the creation of instantiated structure elements of knowledge, and different types of conceptual change to show a complete picture of the cognitive processes of sensemaking. The processes and cognitive mechanisms identified provide better foundations for knowledge creation, organization, and sharing practices and a stronger basis for design of sensemaking assistant systems and tools.
- Date
- 22. 8.2014 16:55:39
- Series
- Advances in information science
- Source
- Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 65(2014) no.9, S.1733-1756
- Theme
- Information
-
Leydesdorff, L.; Johnson, M.W.; Ivanova, I.: Toward a calculus of redundancy : signification, codification, and anticipation in cultural evolution (2018)
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- Abstract
- This article considers the relationships among meaning generation, selection, and the dynamics of discourse from a variety of perspectives ranging from information theory and biology to sociology. Following Husserl's idea of a horizon of meanings in intersubjective communication, we propose a way in which, using Shannon's equations, the generation and selection of meanings from a horizon of possibilities can be considered probabilistically. The information-theoretical dynamics we articulate considers a process of meaning generation within cultural evolution: information is imbued with meaning, and through this process, the number of options for the selection of meaning in discourse proliferates. The redundancy of possible meanings contributes to a codification of expectations within the discourse. Unlike hardwired DNA, the codes of nonbiological systems can coevolve with the variations. Spanning horizons of meaning, the codes structure the communications as selection environments that shape discourses. Discursive knowledge can be considered as meta-coded communication that enables us to translate among differently coded communications. The dynamics of discursive knowledge production can thus infuse the historical dynamics with a cultural evolution by adding options, that is, by increasing redundancy. A calculus of redundancy is presented as an indicator whereby these dynamics of discourse and meaning may be explored empirically.
- Date
- 29. 9.2018 11:22:09
- Source
- Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 69(2018) no.10, S.1181-1192
- Theme
- Information
-
Robertson, G.: What is information? (1996)
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- Abstract
- Discusses information in the context of information resources management arguing that it is an essential resource for every organization but one that needs to be managed better. Examines information as a resource, as an asset, as a commodity, as a rubbish
- Source
- Managing information. 3(1996) no.6, S.22-23
- Theme
- Information
Information Resources Management
-
Bates, M.J.: Fundamental forms of information (2006)
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- Abstract
- Fundamental forms of information, as well as the term information itself, are defined and developed for the purposes of information science/studies. Concepts of natural and represented information (taking an unconventional sense of representation), encoded and embodied information, as well as experienced, enacted, expressed, embedded, recorded, and trace information are elaborated. The utility of these terms for the discipline is illustrated with examples from the study of information-seeking behavior and of information genres. Distinctions between the information and curatorial sciences with respect to their social (and informational) objects of study are briefly outlined.
- Content
- Vgl. Erwiderung: Hjoerland, B.: The controversy over the concept of information: a rejoinder to Professor Bates. In: Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 60(2009) no.3, S.643.
- Date
- 22. 3.2009 18:15:22
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 57(2006) no.8, S.1033-1045
- Theme
- Information
-
dpa: Struktur des Denkorgans wird bald entschlüsselt sein (2000)
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- Date
- 17. 7.1996 9:33:22
22. 7.2000 19:05:41
- Theme
- Information
