Search (54 results, page 1 of 3)

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Abstract

This article argues that professional discourses tend to align themselves with dominant ideological and social forces by means of language. Tn twentieth century modernity, the use of the trope of 'science' and related terms in professional theory is a common linguistic device through which professions attempt social self-advancement. This article examines how professional discourses, in particular those which are foundational for library and information science theory and practice, establish themselves in culture and project history - past and future - by means of appropriating certain dominant tropes in culture's language. This article suggests that ethical and political choices arise out of the rhetoric and practice of professional discourse, and that these choices cannot be confined to the realm of professional polemics

Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 51(2000) no.5, S.469-475

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Abstract

For several decades Rafael Capurro has been at the forefront of defining the relationship between information and modernity through both phenomenological and ethical formulations. In exploring both of these themes Capurro has re-vivified the transcultural and intercultural expressions of how we bring an understanding of information to bear on scientific knowledge production and intermediation. Capurro has long stressed the need to look deeply into how we contextualize the information problems that scientific society creates for us and to re-incorporate a pragmatic dimension into our response that provides a balance to the cognitive turn in information science. With contributions from 35 scholars from 15 countries, Information Cultures in the Digital Age focuses on the culture and philosophy of information, information ethics, the relationship of information to message, the historic and semiotic understanding of information, the relationship of information to power and the future of information education. This Festschrift seeks to celebrate Rafael Capurro's important contribution to a global dialogue on how information conceptualization, use and technology impact human culture and the ethical questions that arise from this dynamic relationship.

Content

Inhalt: Super-Science, Fundamental Dimension, Way of Being: Library and Information Science in an Age of Messages / Bawden, David (et al.) (S.31-43) - The "Naturalization" of the Philosophy of Rafael Capurro: Logic, Information and Ethics / Brenner, Joseph E. (S.45-64) - Turing's Cyberworld / Eldred, Michael (S.65-81) - Hermeneutics and Information Science: The Ongoing Journey From Simple Objective Interpretation to Understanding Data as a Form of Disclosure / Kelly, Matthew (S.83-110) - The Epistemological Maturity of Information Science and the Debate Around Paradigms / Ribeiro, Fernanda (et al.) (S.111-124) - A Methodology for Studying Knowledge Creation in Organizational Settings: A Phenomenological Viewpoint / Suorsa, Anna (et al.) (S.125-142) - The Significance of Digital Hermeneutics for the Philosophy of Technology / Tripathi, Arun Kumar (S.143-157) - Reconciling Social Responsibility and Neutrality in LIS Professional Ethics: A Virtue Ethics Approach / Burgess, John T F (S.161-172) - Information Ethics in the Age of Digital Labour and the Surveillance-Industrial Complex / Fuchs, Christian (S.173-190) - Intercultural Information Ethics: A Pragmatic Consideration / Hongladarom, Soraj (S.191-206) - Ethics of European Institutions as Normative Foundation of Responsible Research and Innovation in ICT / Stahl, Bernd Carsten (S.207-219) - Raphael's / Holgate, John D. (S.223-245) - Understanding the Pulse of Existence: An Examination of Capurro's Angeletics / Morador, Fernando Flores (S.247-252) - The Demon in the Gap of Language: Capurro, Ethics and language in Divided Germany / Saldanha, Gustavo Silva (S.253-268) - General Intellect, Communication and Contemporary Media Theory / Frohmann, Bernd (S.271-286) - "Data": The data / Furner, Jonathan (S.287-306) - On the Pre-History of Library Ethics: Documents and Legitimacy / Hansson, Joacim (S.307-319) -
Ethico-Philosophical Reflection on Overly Self-Confident or Even Arrogant Humanism Applied to a Possible History-oriented Rationality of the Library and Librarianship / Suominen, Vesa (S.321-338) - Culture Clash or Transformation? Some Thoughts Concerning the Onslaught of Market economy on the Internet and its Retaliation / Hausmanninger, Thomas (S.341-358) - Magicians and Guerrillas: Transforming Time and Space / Lodge, Juliet (et al.) (.359-371) - Gramsci, Golem, Google: A Marxist Dialog with Rafael Capurro's Intercultural Information Ethics / Schneider, Marco (S.373-383) - From Culture Industry to Information Society: How Horkheimer and Adorno's Conception of the Culture Industry Can Help Us Examine Information Overload in the Capitalist Information Society / Spier, Shaked (S.385-396) - Ethical and Legal Use of Information by University Students: The Core Content of a Training Program / Fernández-Molina, Juan-Carlos (et al.) (S.399-412) - Reflections on Rafael Capurro's Thoughts in Education and Research of Information Science in Brazil / Pinheiro, Lena Vania (S.413-425) - Content Selection in Undergraduate LIS Education / Zins, Chaim (et al.) (S.427-453) - The Train Has Left the Station: Chronicles of the African Network for Information Ethics and the African Centre of Excellence for Information Ethics / Fischer, Rachel (et al.) (S.455-467).

LCSH

Information science
Language arts & disciplines / Library & Information Science / General

Subject

Information science
Language arts & disciplines / Library & Information Science / General

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Abstract

The study of philosophy provides many general benefits to members of any field or discipline, the easiest of which to defend are an appreciation of, and experience with, critical thinking, including the ability to apply principles thoughtfully and logically in a variety of contexts; it is the discipline that, according to Plato, Socrates believed made life worth living. Today, however, most disciplines can lay claim to critical thinking - information science certainly involves a great deal of logical analysis - but only philosophy, in the Western world, can lay claim to having developed logic and critical thinking and thereby may have furthered the process more than any other discipline. Historically, philosophy is also the discipline in which one learns how to think about the most complex and important questions including questions about what is right and proper; that is, philosophy arguably lays claim to the development of ethics. Before going further, I should note that I am neither a philosopher nor an information scientist. I am a social psychologist and statistician whose interests have brought me into the realm of practical ethics primarily through ethical issues relevant to empirical research. I should also note that I am firmly in the camp of those who consider there to be an important distinction between morals and ethics; as do others, I argue that moral judgements essentially involve questions about whether or not rules, defined broadly, are followed, whereas ethical judgements essentially involve questions about whether or not a particular rule is worthwhile and, when there are incompatible rules, which rule should be granted higher priority.

Series

History and philosophy of technoscience; 3

Source

Philosophy, computing and information science. Eds.: R. Hagengruber u. U.V. Riss

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Abstract

As discussions about the roles played by information in economic, political, and social arenas continue to evolve, the need for an intellectual primer on information ethics that also functions as a solid working casebook for LIS students and professionals has never been more urgent. This text, written by a stellar group of ethics scholars and contributors from around the globe, expertly fills that need. Organized into twelve chapters, making it ideal for use by instructors, this volume from editors Burgess and Knox thoroughly covers principles and concepts in information ethics, as well as the history of ethics in the information professions; examines human rights, information access, privacy, discourse, intellectual property, censorship, data and cybersecurity ethics, intercultural Information ethics, and global digital citizenship and responsibility; synthesizes the philosophical underpinnings of these key subjects with abundant primary source material to provide historical context along with timely and relevant case studies; features contributions from John M. Budd, Paul T. Jaeger, Rachel Fischer, Margaret Zimmerman, Kathrine A. Henderson, Peter Darch, Michael Zimmer, and Masooda Bashir, among others; and offers a special concluding chapter by Amelia Gibson that explores emerging issues in information ethics, including discussions ranging from the ethics of social media and social movements to AI decision making. This important survey will be a key text for LIS students and an essential reference work for practitioners.

Content

Inhalt: Principles and concepts in information ethics / John T.F. Burgess -- Human rights and information ethics / Paul T. Jaeger, Ursula Gorham, and Natalie Greene Taylor -- History of ethics in the information professions / John T.F. Burgess -- Information access / Emily J.M. Knox -- Privacy / Michael Zimmer -- Ethics of discourse / John M. Budd -- Intellectual property ethics / Kathrine Andrews Henderson -- Data ethics / Peter Darch -- Cybersecurity ethics / Jane Blanken-Webb, Imani Palmer, Roy H. Campbell, Nicholas C. Burbules, and Masooda Bashir -- Cognitive justice and intercultural communication ethics / Rachel Fischer and Erin Klazar -- Global digital citizenship / Margaret Zimmerman -- Emerging issues / Amelia Gibson.

LCSH

Information science / Moral and ethical aspects

Subject

Information science / Moral and ethical aspects

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Abstract

In A Brief History of Information Ethics, Thomas Froehlich (2004) quickly surveyed under several broad categories some of the many issues that constitute information ethics: under the category of librarianship - censorship, privacy, access, balance in collections, copyright, fair use, and codes of ethics; under information science, which Froehlich sees as closely related to librarianship - confidentiality, bias, and quality of information; under computer ethics - intellectual property, privacy, fair representation, nonmaleficence, computer crime, software reliability, artificial intelligence, and e-commerce; under cyberethics (issues related to the Internet, or cyberspace) - expert systems, artificial intelligence (again), and robotics; under media ethics - news, impartiality, journalistic ethics, deceit, lies, sexuality, censorship (again), and violence in the press; and under intercultural information ethics - digital divide, and the ethical role of the Internet for social, political, cultural, and economic development. Many of the debates in information ethics, on these and other issues, have to do with specific kinds of relationships between subjects. The most important subject and a familiar figure in information ethics is the ethical subject engaged in moral deliberation, whether appearing as the bearer of moral rights and obligations to other subjects, or as an agent whose actions are judged, whether by others or by oneself, according to the standards of various moral codes and ethical principles. Many debates in information ethics revolve around conflicts between those acting according to principles of unfettered access to information and those finding some information offensive or harmful. Subjectivity is at the heart of information ethics. But how is subjectivity understood? Can it be understood in ways that broaden ethical reflection to include problems that remain invisible when subjectivity is taken for granted and when how it is created remains unquestioned? This article proposes some answers by investigating the meaning and role of subjectivity in information ethics.[In an article on cyberethics (2000), I asserted that there was no information ethics in any special sense beyond the application of general ethical principles to information services. Here, I take a more expansive view.]

Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 59(2008) no.2, S.267-277

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Abstract

This article introduces a normative principle for the behavior of contemporary computing and communication systems and considers some of its consequences. The principle, named the principle of distribution, says that in a distributed multi-agent system, control resides as much as possible with the individuals constituting the system rather than in centralized agents; and when that is unfeasible or becomes inappropriate due to environmental changes, control evolves upwards from the individuals to an appropriate intermediate level rather than being imposed from above. The setting for the work is the dynamically changing global space resulting from ubiquitous communication. Accordingly, the article begins by determining the characteristics of the distributed multi-agent space it spans. It then fleshes out the principle of distribution, with examples from daily life as well as from Computer Science. The case is made for the principle of distribution to work at various levels of abstraction of system behavior: to inform the high-level discussion that ought to precede the more low-level concerns of technology, protocols, and standardization, but also to facilitate those lower levels. Of the more substantial applications given here of the principle of distribution, a technical example concerns the design of secure ad hoc networks of mobile devices, achievable without any form of centralized authentication or identification but in a solely distributed manner. Here, the context is how the principle can be used to provide new and provably secure protocols for genuinely ubiquitous communication. A second, more managerial example concerns the distributed production and management of open-source software, and a third investigates some pertinent questions involving the dynamic restructuring of control in distributed systems, important in times of disaster or malevolence.

Date

1. 6.2008 12:22:41

Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 59(2008) no.7, S.1134-1142

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Classification

323.44/5 22 (GBV;LoC)

DDC

323.44/5 22 (GBV;LoC)

Footnote

The book also includes an index, a selected bibliography, and endnotes for each article. More information on the authors of the articles would have been useful, however. One of the best features of Information Ethics is the discussion cases at the end of each chapter. For instance, in the discussion cases, Moore asks questions like: Would you allow one person to die to save nine? Should a scientist be allowed to experiment on people without their knowledge if there is no harm? Should marriages between people carrying a certain gene be outlawed? These discussion cases really add to the value of the readings. The only suggestion would be to have put them at the beginning of each section so the reader could have the questions floating in their heads as they read the material. Information Ethics is a well thought out and organized collection of articles. Moore has done an excellent job of finding articles to provide a fair and balanced look at a variety of complicated and far-reaching topics. Further, the work has breadth and depth. Moore is careful to include enough historical articles, like the 1890 Warren article, to give balance and perspective to new and modern topics like E-mail surveillance, biopiracy, and genetics. This provides a reader with just enough philosophy and history theory to work with the material. The articles are written by a variety of authors from differing fields so they range in length, tone, and style, creating a rich tapestry of ideas and arguments. However, this is not a quick or easy read. The subject matter is complex and one should plan to spend time with the book. The book is well worth the effort though. Overall, this is a highly recommended work for all libraries especially academic ones."

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Source

Annual review of information science and technology. 27(1992), S.291-324

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Source

Encyclopedia of library and information science. Vol.57, [=Suppl.20]

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Series

Contributions to the study of computer science; no.4

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Series

rororo science; 60133

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rororo science; 60133

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rororo science; 60133

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Content

Enthält die Beiträge u. Kapitel: HENRICHS, N.: Menschsein im Informationszeitalter; WIEGERLING, K.: Medium und Verhalten; BOUGNOUX, D.: Qui a peur de l'information?; CAPURRO, R.: Moral issues in information science; FROEHLICH, T.J.: Ethical considerations in technology transfer; DOCTOR, R.D.: Information technologies and social equity: confronting the revolution; BARBES, R.F.: Ethical and legal issues raised by information technology: the professional producer-product mix; FROEHLICH, T.J.: Ethics, ideologies, and practices of information technology and systems; Du MONT, R.R.: Ethics in librarianship: a management model; HAUPTMANN, R.: Ethical concerns in librarianship: an overview; SWAN, J.: Ethics inside and out: the case of Guidoriccio; SMITH, M.M.: Infoethics for leaders: models of moral agency in the information environment; KOSTREWSKI, B.J. u. C. OPPENHEIM: Ethics in information science; FROHMANN, B.: Knowledge and power in information science: a discourse analysis of the cognitive viewpoint 'Ein- u. weiterführende Bibliographie'; 'Ethik-Kodizes'

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Abstract

The politicization of science is not a new phenomenon, but the disputes surrounding global climate change have been particularly subject to ideological positioning. The work conducted by researchers on the description of, and possible causes for, climate change is reflected in the formal record of scientific discourse. The political and ideological claims about climate change are themselves reflected in the governmental and popular records. With regard to the particular work by Michael Mann and his colleagues, the three records (scientific, governmental, and popular) collide. Close examination of the totality of the record demonstrates the background, nature, and bases of claims made on all sides. The examination further demonstrates that the governmental and popular records are informed not by scientific research and communication but by ideological stances.

Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 58(2007) no.14, S.2366-2371

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Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 59(2008) no.7, S.1111-1123

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Source

Annual review of information science and technology. 32(1997), S.339-366

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LCSH

Library science / Moral and ethical aspects / Congresses

Subject

Library science / Moral and ethical aspects / Congresses

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Abstract

This entry discusses many of the ethical considerations in the library and information science professions: collection development, censorship, privacy, reference services, copyright, administrative concerns, information access, technology-related issues, and problems with conflicting loyalties. It surveys the factors that affect ethical deliberations in the information professions: social utility, survival, social responsibility, and respect for individuality. It also looks at professional factors in ethical deliberations, such as professional codes of ethics, and the values that support ethical principles of professional conduct: truth, tolerance, individual liberty, justice and beauty. In the final section, it indicates the kinds of actions to promote ethical conduct at the organizational, professional and individual levels. As a final caveat, it indicates that ethical decisions require deliberation and reflection. While one can articulate values, factors, codes, and actions, they inform ethical reflection that must often confront and negotiate dilemmas and tensions.