Search (20 results, page 1 of 1)

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Abstract

This book provides relevant content in the areas of information retrieval systems, services, and research; covering topics such as social tagging, collaborative querying, social network analysis, subjective relevance judgments, and collaborative filtering. Answering the increasing demand for authoritative resources on Internet technologies, this will make an indispensable addition to any library collection

Content

Inhalt Collaborating to search effectively in different searcher modes through cues and specialty search / Naresh Kumar Agarwal and Danny C.C. Poo -- Collaborative querying using a hybrid content and results-based approach / Chandrani Sinha Ray ... [et al.] -- Collaborative classification for group-oriented organization of search results / Keiichi Nakata and Amrish Singh -- A case study of use-centered descriptions : archival descriptions of what can be done with a collection / Richard Butterworth -- Metadata for social recommendations : storing, sharing, and reusing evaluations of learning resources / Riina Vuorikari, Nikos Manouselis, and Erik Duval -- Social network models for enhancing reference-based search engine rankings / Nikolaos Korfiatis ... [et al.] -- From PageRank to social rank : authority-based retrieval in social information spaces / Sebastian Marius Kirsch ... [et al.] -- Adaptive peer-to-peer social networks for distributed content-based Web search / Le-Shin Wu ... [et al.] -- The ethics of social information retrieval / Brendan Luyt and Chu Keong Lee -- The social context of knowledge / Daniel Memmi -- Social information seeking in digital libraries / George Buchanan and Annika Hinze -- Relevant intra-actions in networked environments / Theresa Dirndorfer Anderson -- Publication and citation analysis as a tool for information retrieval / Ronald Rousseau -- Personalized information retrieval in a semantic-based learning environment / Antonella Carbonaro and Rodolfo Ferrini -- Multi-agent tourism system (MATS) / Soe Yu Maw and Myo-Myo Naing -- Hybrid recommendation systems : a case study on the movies domain / Konstantinos Markellos ... [et al.].

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LCSH

Electronic reference services (Libraries)
Wikis (Computer science)

Subject

Electronic reference services (Libraries)
Wikis (Computer science)

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Abstract

Was kann der Mensch? Was können die Computer? Was wissen wir über das rätselhafteste Organ des menschlichen Körpers, das Gehirn und seine Funktionen? Lässt sich das Gehirn einfach nachbauen? Kann es wirklich Elektronenhirne geben? Schon längst ist der Computer im Schachspiel kaum noch zu schlagen. Aber wie sieht es mit anderen intelligenten Leistungen aus? Vor diesem Hintergrund wird zum Beginn des neuen Jahrtausends mit der Sonderausstellung "Computer.Gehirn" im Heinz Nixdorf MuseumsForum eine Zwischenbilanz gezogen. In dieser Begleitpublikation zur Ausstellung wird einerseits ein Leistungsvergleich zwischen Computern und dem menschlichen Gehirn geboten, andererseits werden die unterschiedlichen Funktionsprinzipien und Prozesse erklärt. Internationale Experten stellen den Stand der Forschung dar, ergänzt durch einen informativen Rundgang durch die Sonderausstellung.

RSWK

Gehirn / Bewusstsein / Computer / Aufsatzsammlung
Gehirn / Bewusstsein / Computer / Ausstellung / Paderborn «2001» (BVB)

Subject

Gehirn / Bewusstsein / Computer / Aufsatzsammlung
Gehirn / Bewusstsein / Computer / Ausstellung / Paderborn «2001» (BVB)

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Abstract

It may seem a strange match - AI and crop irrigation or AI and the Serengeti lions but researchers in artificial intelligence envision expert systems as a new technology for capturing the knowledge and reasoning process of experts in agriculture, wildlife management and many other fields. These computer programmes have a relevance for developing nations that desire to close the gap between themselves and the richer nations of the world. Despite the value and appeal of expert systems for economic and technological development, Schoenhoff dicloses how this technology reflects the Western preoccupation with literacy and rationality. When expert systems are introduced into developing nations, they must interact with persons who reason and articulate their knowledge in ways unfamiliar to high-tech cultures. Knowledge, particularly in poor and traditional communities, may be expressed in proverbs rather than propositions or in folklore rather that formulas. Drawing upon diverse disciplines, the author explores whether such indigenous knowledge can be incorporated into the formal language and artificial rationality of the computer - and the imperative for working toward this incorporation.

LCSH

Expert systems (Computer science)

Series

Contributions to the study of computer science; no.3

Subject

Expert systems (Computer science)

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Classification

006.7 22

Date

7. 3.2007 19:30:22

DDC

006.7 22

Footnote

The final part of the book discusses research in multimedia content management systems and the semantic web, and presents examples and applications for semantic multimedia analysis in search and retrieval systems. These chapters describe example systems in which current projects have been implemented, and include extensive results and real demonstrations. For example, real case scenarios such as ECommerce medical applications and Web services have been introduced. Topics in natural language, speech and image processing techniques and their application for multimedia indexing, and content-based retrieval have been elaborated upon with extensive examples and deployment methods. The editors of the book themselves provide the readers with a chapter about their latest research results on knowledge-based multimedia content indexing and retrieval. Some interesting applications for multimedia content and the semantic web are introduced. Applications that have taken advantage of the metadata provided by MPEG7 in order to realize advance-access services for multimedia content have been provided. The applications discussed in the third part of the book provide useful guidance to researchers and practitioners properly planning to implement semantic multimedia analysis techniques in new research and development projects in both academia and industry. A fourth part should be added to this book: performance measurements for integrated approaches of multimedia analysis and the semantic web. Performance of the semantic approach is a very sophisticated issue and requires extensive elaboration and effort. Measuring the semantic search is an ongoing research area; several chapters concerning performance measurement and analysis would be required to adequately cover this area and introduce it to readers."

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Date

23. 3.2008 19:10:22

Footnote

Rez. in: JASIST 54(2003) no.9, S.905-906 (C.A. Badurek): "Visual approaches for knowledge discovery in very large databases are a prime research need for information scientists focused an extracting meaningful information from the ever growing stores of data from a variety of domains, including business, the geosciences, and satellite and medical imagery. This work presents a summary of research efforts in the fields of data mining, knowledge discovery, and data visualization with the goal of aiding the integration of research approaches and techniques from these major fields. The editors, leading computer scientists from academia and industry, present a collection of 32 papers from contributors who are incorporating visualization and data mining techniques through academic research as well application development in industry and government agencies. Information Visualization focuses upon techniques to enhance the natural abilities of humans to visually understand data, in particular, large-scale data sets. It is primarily concerned with developing interactive graphical representations to enable users to more intuitively make sense of multidimensional data as part of the data exploration process. It includes research from computer science, psychology, human-computer interaction, statistics, and information science. Knowledge Discovery in Databases (KDD) most often refers to the process of mining databases for previously unknown patterns and trends in data. Data mining refers to the particular computational methods or algorithms used in this process. The data mining research field is most related to computational advances in database theory, artificial intelligence and machine learning. This work compiles research summaries from these main research areas in order to provide "a reference work containing the collection of thoughts and ideas of noted researchers from the fields of data mining and data visualization" (p. 8). It addresses these areas in three main sections: the first an data visualization, the second an KDD and model visualization, and the last an using visualization in the knowledge discovery process. The seven chapters of Part One focus upon methodologies and successful techniques from the field of Data Visualization. Hoffman and Grinstein (Chapter 2) give a particularly good overview of the field of data visualization and its potential application to data mining. An introduction to the terminology of data visualization, relation to perceptual and cognitive science, and discussion of the major visualization display techniques are presented. Discussion and illustration explain the usefulness and proper context of such data visualization techniques as scatter plots, 2D and 3D isosurfaces, glyphs, parallel coordinates, and radial coordinate visualizations. Remaining chapters present the need for standardization of visualization methods, discussion of user requirements in the development of tools, and examples of using information visualization in addressing research problems.
With contributors almost exclusively from the computer science field, the intended audience of this work is heavily slanted towards a computer science perspective. However, it is highly readable and provides introductory material that would be useful to information scientists from a variety of domains. Yet, much interesting work in information visualization from other fields could have been included giving the work more of an interdisciplinary perspective to complement their goals of integrating work in this area. Unfortunately, many of the application chapters are these, shallow, and lack complementary illustrations of visualization techniques or user interfaces used. However, they do provide insight into the many applications being developed in this rapidly expanding field. The authors have successfully put together a highly useful reference text for the data mining and information visualization communities. Those interested in a good introduction and overview of complementary research areas in these fields will be satisfied with this collection of papers. The focus upon integrating data visualization with data mining complements texts in each of these fields, such as Advances in Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining (Fayyad et al., MIT Press) and Readings in Information Visualization: Using Vision to Think (Card et. al., Morgan Kauffman). This unique work is a good starting point for future interaction between researchers in the fields of data visualization and data mining and makes a good accompaniment for a course focused an integrating these areas or to the main reference texts in these fields."

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Classification

SS 4800 Informatik / Enzyklopädien und Handbücher. Kongreßberichte Schriftenreihe. Tafeln und Formelsammlungen / Schriftenreihen (indiv. Sign.) / Lecture notes in computer science

LCSH

Computer Communication Networks
Computer Science

RVK

SS 4800 Informatik / Enzyklopädien und Handbücher. Kongreßberichte Schriftenreihe. Tafeln und Formelsammlungen / Schriftenreihen (indiv. Sign.) / Lecture notes in computer science

Series

Lecture notes in computer science ; 4825

Subject

Computer Communication Networks
Computer Science

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Classification

ST 285 Informatik / Monographien / Software und -entwicklung / Computer supported cooperative work (CSCW), Groupware
ST 152 Informatik / Monographien / Technische Informatik / Neurocomputer, Optische Computer u.a.

RVK

ST 285 Informatik / Monographien / Software und -entwicklung / Computer supported cooperative work (CSCW), Groupware
ST 152 Informatik / Monographien / Technische Informatik / Neurocomputer, Optische Computer u.a.

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Abstract

Bericht über die Arbeit einer Forschungsgruppe, die sich über ca. 15 Jahre mit Kreativität und Analogiefähigkeit von KI-Systemen (Künstlicher Intelligenz) beschäftigt haben. Die entscheidende Frage für Hofstadter und seine Crew, die Fluid Analogies Research Group, lautet: Können Computer Analogien erkennen, und ist nicht gerade diese Mustererkennung ein Zeichen von höherer Intelligenz? Was ist Kreativität anderes, als starre Formen, Sequenzen zu verflüssigen, um hinter das Geheimnis ihrer Zusammenhänge zu kommen und neue Muster bilden zu können? "Der liebe Gott würfelt nicht", meinte Einstein. Wenn er es dennoch täte, dann ergäbe die Zahlenfolge sicherlich ein Muster besonderer Art.

Classification

ST 285 Informatik / Monographien / Software und -entwicklung / Computer supported cooperative work (CSCW), Groupware

RVK

ST 285 Informatik / Monographien / Software und -entwicklung / Computer supported cooperative work (CSCW), Groupware

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Classification

ST 285 Informatik / Monographien / Software und -entwicklung / Computer supported cooperative work (CSCW), Groupware

RVK

ST 285 Informatik / Monographien / Software und -entwicklung / Computer supported cooperative work (CSCW), Groupware

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LCSH

Expert systems (Computer science)

Subject

Expert systems (Computer science)

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Abstract

The two-volume set LNCS 6496 and 6497 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 9th International Semantic Web Conference, ISWC 2010, held in Shanghai, China, during November 7-11, 2010. Part I contains 51 papers out of 578 submissions to the research track. Part II contains 18 papers out of 66 submissions to the semantic Web in-use track, 6 papers out of 26 submissions to the doctoral consortium track, and also 4 invited talks. Each submitted paper were carefully reviewed. The International Semantic Web Conferences (ISWC) constitute the major international venue where the latest research results and technical innovations on all aspects of the Semantic Web are presented. ISWC brings together researchers, practitioners, and users from the areas of artificial intelligence, databases, social networks, distributed computing, Web engineering, information systems, natural language processing, soft computing, and human computer interaction to discuss the major challenges and proposed solutions, the success stories and failures, as well the visions that can advance research and drive innovation in the Semantic Web.

Series

Lecture notes in computer science; 6497

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LCSH

Computer science

Subject

Computer science

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Abstract

The two-volume set LNCS 6496 and 6497 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 9th International Semantic Web Conference, ISWC 2010, held in Shanghai, China, during November 7-11, 2010. Part I contains 51 papers out of 578 submissions to the research track. Part II contains 18 papers out of 66 submissions to the semantic Web in-use track, 6 papers out of 26 submissions to the doctoral consortium track, and also 4 invited talks. Each submitted paper were carefully reviewed. The International Semantic Web Conferences (ISWC) constitute the major international venue where the latest research results and technical innovations on all aspects of the Semantic Web are presented. ISWC brings together researchers, practitioners, and users from the areas of artificial intelligence, databases, social networks, distributed computing, Web engineering, information systems, natural language processing, soft computing, and human computer interaction to discuss the major challenges and proposed solutions, the success stories and failures, as well the visions that can advance research and drive innovation in the Semantic Web.

Series

Lecture notes in computer science; 6496

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Abstract

As the World Wide Web continues to expand, it becomes increasingly difficult for users to obtain information efficiently. Because most search engines read format languages such as HTML or SGML, search results reflect formatting tags more than actual page content, which is expressed in natural language. Spinning the Semantic Web describes an exciting new type of hierarchy and standardization that will replace the current "Web of links" with a "Web of meaning." Using a flexible set of languages and tools, the Semantic Web will make all available information - display elements, metadata, services, images, and especially content - accessible. The result will be an immense repository of information accessible for a wide range of new applications. This first handbook for the Semantic Web covers, among other topics, software agents that can negotiate and collect information, markup languages that can tag many more types of information in a document, and knowledge systems that enable machines to read Web pages and determine their reliability. The truly interdisciplinary Semantic Web combines aspects of artificial intelligence, markup languages, natural language processing, information retrieval, knowledge representation, intelligent agents, and databases.

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Date

21. 3.2008 19:10:22

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Footnote

Vgl.: http://www.springer.com/computer/database+management+%26+information+retrieval/book/978-3-540-72215-1.

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Theme

Information Resources Management

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Footnote

Gewisse Themen können Hofstadters Zorn erregen, zum Beispiel die Diskussion über das so genannte inverted spectrum paradox. Wie kann ich sicher sein, dass ein anderer Mensch das, was ich als Rot erlebe, genauso erlebt wie ich und nicht etwa eine Empfindung hat, die ich als Blau bezeichnen würde? Oder das Konzept vom Zombie, einem Wesen, das sich in jeder Hinsicht so verhält wie ein gewöhnlicher Mensch, dem aber alle menschlichen Gefühle fehlen. Oder Bewusstsein und freier Wille. Hofstadter hält beides für Illusionen, für Trugbilder gleich der Murmel im Briefumschlagstapel, allerdings für unvermeidbare, machtvolle Trugbilder. Wir erleben, dass ein Ich in unserem Schädel steckt, aber das ist nur eine Illusion, die von Millionen kleiner Schleifen erzeugt wird, »einem Schwarm bunter Schmetterlinge in einem Obstgarten«. An dieser Stelle ist Hofstadter anderer Meinung als sein Freund, der Philosoph Daniel C. Dennett (mit dem zusammen er das Buch »The Mind's I«, deutsch »Einsicht ins lch«, herausgegeben hat). Aber wie Den-nett, der einem seiner Werke den dreisten Titel »Consciousness Explained« gab, glaubt er, er habe das Bewusstsein erklärt. Das stimmt leider nicht. Beide haben das Bewusstsein nur beschrieben. Einen Regenbogen zu beschreiben ist einfach, ihn zu erklären ist nicht so einfach. Bewusstsein zu beschreiben ist einfach, aber das Wunder zu erklären, durch das ein Haufen Moleküle es hervorbringt, ist nicht so einfach. Ich will meine Karten auf den Tisch legen. Ich gehöre zu der kleinen Gruppe der »Mysterianer«, zu denen auch die Philosophen John R. Searle (der Schurke in Hofstadters Buch), Thomas Nagel, Colin McGinn und Jerry Fodor sowie der Linguist Noam Chomsky, der Mathematiker Roger Penrose und einige andere zählen. Wir sind der Überzeugung, dass kein heute lebender Philosoph oder Naturwissenschaftler auch nur die nebelhafteste Ahnung davon hat, wie Bewusstsein und sein unzertrennlicher Begleiter, der freie Wille, aus einem materiellen Gehirn entstehen (was sie zweifellos tun). Wir sind überzeugt, dass kein Computer, wie wir ihn heute kennen - das heißt, der aus Schaltern und Verbindungsdrähten gebaut ist -, je ein Bewusstsein dessen erlangen wird, was er tut. Das stärkste Schachprogramm wird nicht wissen, dass es Schach spielt, ebenso wenig wie eine Waschmaschine weiß, dass sie Wäsche wäscht.

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Abstract

The World Wide Web has enabled the creation of a global information space comprising linked documents. As the Web becomes ever more enmeshed with our daily lives, there is a growing desire for direct access to raw data not currently available on the Web or bound up in hypertext documents. Linked Data provides a publishing paradigm in which not only documents, but also data, can be a first class citizen of the Web, thereby enabling the extension of the Web with a global data space based on open standards - the Web of Data. In this Synthesis lecture we provide readers with a detailed technical introduction to Linked Data. We begin by outlining the basic principles of Linked Data, including coverage of relevant aspects of Web architecture. The remainder of the text is based around two main themes - the publication and consumption of Linked Data. Drawing on a practical Linked Data scenario, we provide guidance and best practices on: architectural approaches to publishing Linked Data; choosing URIs and vocabularies to identify and describe resources; deciding what data to return in a description of a resource on the Web; methods and frameworks for automated linking of data sets; and testing and debugging approaches for Linked Data deployments. We give an overview of existing Linked Data applications and then examine the architectures that are used to consume Linked Data from the Web, alongside existing tools and frameworks that enable these. Readers can expect to gain a rich technical understanding of Linked Data fundamentals, as the basis for application development, research or further study.