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  1. Anderson, J.D.; Radford, G.: Back-of-the-book indexing with the nested phrase indexing system (NEPHIS) (1988) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    NEPHIS, Craven's Nested Phrase Indexing System, transfers one more indexing procedure, the creation of individual index entries, to computer algorithm, permitting the human indexer to concentrate on the intellectual task of analyzing text and naming its important features. Experience at Rutgers University has shown that novice indexers can learn NEPHIS quite quickly and can use it to produce acceptable indexes
  2. Matthew, H.C.G.: Indexing Gladstone : from 5x3 cards to computer and database (1995) 0.01 
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  3. Ross, J.: ¬The impact of technology on indexing (2000) 0.01 
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    Source
    Indexer. 22(2000) no.1, S.25-26
  4. Walker, A.: Indexing commonplace books : John Locke's method (2001) 0.01 
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    Indexer. 22(2001) no.3, S.14-18
  5. Crystal, D.: Quote index unquote (2000) 0.01 
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    Indexer. 22(2000) no.1, S.14-20
  6. Matthews, D.: Indexing published letters (2001) 0.01 
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    Indexer. 22(2001) no.3, S.135-141
  7. Maislin, S.: Ripping out the pages (2000) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    When the Web was invented, it was touted as a novel nonlinear medium for the written word. No longer would we be constrained by linear presentations! Hyperlinks would allow us to jump haphazardly from page to page, chapter to chapter, idea to idea! Texts would no longer need to run from beginning to end! This is misleading. A printed book is also multidimensional and potentially nonlinear. We can open it to any page, from any other page, for any reason. We can open several books at once. In fact, what makes a book special is its combination of linear structure (the order of the words) and nonlinear physicality (the bound papers). This linear/nonlinear duality is enhanced further by the index, which maps linearly sequenced pages in a nonlinear, informationally ordered structure (architecture). In truth, the online environment is crippled by an absence of linear structure. Imagine selecting a hard cover book, tearing off the covers, ripping pages into small pieces, and throwing them in a box. That box is like a computer file system, and the paper scraps are Web documents. Only one scrap can be retrieved from the box at a time, and it must be replaced before another can be accessed. Page numbers are meaningless. Global context is destroyed. And without page numbers or context, what happens to the index?
    Issue
    Beyond book indexing: how to get started in Web indexing, embedded indexing and other computer-based media. Ed. by D. Brenner u. M. Rowland.
  8. Odini, C.: ¬The performance of manual indexes and online databases in information retrieval (1997) 0.01 
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    Source
    OCLC systems and services. 13(1997) no.1, S.21-24
  9. O'Kane, K.C.: Generating hierarchical document indices from common denominators in large document collections (1996) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    Describes an effective, simple and efficient algorithm for computer generation of hierarchical indices from Document Term matrices by means of calculating common denominator vectors from the document vector set. This procedure produces an intuitive, user friendly hierarchical index of a document collection not unlike that which would be expected had a manual indexer set about to create an index or outline of a collection. The resulting index, when presented with a graphical user interface, provides the user with a natural easily comprehended view of the document collection, permits general browsing and informal search activities with an access method that requires no keyboard entry or prior knowledge of the vocabulary
  10. Luhn, H.P.: Keyword-in-context index for technical literature (1985) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    In the optimistic 1960s the potential of the computer seemed limitless. The realization of this potential in the area of information retrieval and dissemination owes much to the creative mind of Hans Peter Luhn. A pioneer of information science, he had a mind and an imagination that could transcend the state of the art. Luhn was born in Germany, where he studied technology, physics, and accounting. He came to the United States in 1924 and in 1941, at the age of 45, he joined IBM. In the course of his twenty-year tenure at IBM, he was issued over eighty patents; at one time he held more than any other IBM employee. Luhn is credited with originating KWIC indexes, computer selective dissemination systems (SDI), computer coding schemes, and statistical techniques for automatic indexing and abstracting. Also attributed to him is the first modern use of the word "thesaurus." The selection that follows modestly presents the idea of a Keyword in Context (KWIC) index. This is the idea of automatically identifying significant or "key" words and highlighting them in context. The context in question was normally a title. Though title term or catchword indexing had been practiced for over one hundred years, the implementation of the idea in mechanized systems in the 1960s was not trivial. It required programming the computer to recognize word boundaries and then developing a means for automatically differentiating significant from nonsignificant words. Spaces were used to demarcate word boundaries and a stop list, consisting of articles, conjunctions, prepositions, auxiliary verbs, some adjectives, and some very common words, was used to differentiate significant from nonsignificant words. A difficulty with any automatic indexing limited to extracting single words from texts is the semantic indeterminancy of the extracted character strings. To disambiguate these, Luhn adopted the concordance idea, proposing to display them in the context of their titles. Specifying the meaning of an index term by couching it in "context," anticipated the later development of string index languages such as PRECIS (PREserved Context Index System). Although the selection that follows is quite short, it presents, in addition to the idea of KWIC, what at the time were two innovative ideas. One is the distinction between the dissemination and the retrieval of information, in regard to which Luhn makes a point sometimes overlooked by modern critics of KWIC. This is that different purposes require different kinds of indexes; an index that is used to disseminate information for current awareness need not be as "perfect" as one used for retrospective information retrieval. The need to alert researchers to current information quickly, and the somewhat transitory character of this information, make KWIC, albeit quick and dirty, a costeffective alternative for dissemination indexes. The second harbinger idea is a method of uniquely identifying documents for retrieval using an identification code comprising the initial characters from a document's author, title, and - interestingly - year of publication. Luhn's mind was fertile indeed and he is aptly called a pioneer of information science.
  11. Gratch, B.; Settel, B.; Atherton, P.: Characteristics of book indexes for subject retrieval in the humanities and social sciences (1978) 0.01 
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    Source
    Indexer. 11(1978), S.14-22
  12. Davis, M.: Building a global legal index : a work in progress (2001) 0.01 
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    Source
    Indexer. 22(2001) no.3, S.123-127
  13. Browne, G.: ¬The definite article : acknowledging The in index entries (2001) 0.01 
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    Indexer. 22(2001) no.3, S.119-122
  14. Weinberg, B.H.: Book indexes in France : medieval specimens and modern practices (2000) 0.01 
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    Indexer. 22(2000) no.1, S.2-13
  15. Mauer, P.: Embedded indexing : pros and cons for the indexer (2000) 0.01 
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    Indexer. 22(2000) no.1, S.27-28
  16. Lee, D.: Judging indexes : the criteria for a good index (2001) 0.01 
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    Indexer. 22(2001) no.4, S.191-194
  17. Weinberg, B.H.: Predecessors of scientific indexing structures in the domain of religion (2001) 0.01 
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    Indexer. 22(2001) no.4, S.178-180
  18. Weinberg, B.H.: Index structures in early Hebrew Biblical word lists : preludes to the first Latin concordances (2004) 0.01 
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    Date
    17.10.2005 13:54:22
  19. Forrester, M.: Indexing in hypertext environments : the role of user models (1995) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    Considers the relationship between indexing and hypermedia. Conceptualizes adequate models of index structures and indexing procedures; and establishes what readers do when accessing indexes. There is a range of explicit and implicit models underlying databases, documents and indexes. A fundamental starting point for the development of substructure indexing tools for use with hypermedia is the precise specification of such models. Analysis of substructure indexing models will allow the identification of largely technical constraints and conceptual constraints. Related also are aspects of the problem deriving from how indexes can, and should be, presented. Gives a framework for the identification of such models. Examines index use. A field study was conducted looking at the use accountants make of indexing facilities an a large financial services document. Task analysis highlights the range of problems encountered, strategies employed and the kinds of solutions arrived at. There are 6 key factors underlying the 'rule of thumb' procedure users employ when interrogating an index. Discusses the implications of this study for the design of indexing within hypermedia environment
  20. Connolly, D.A.: ¬The many uses of Email discussion lists (2000) 0.01 
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    Issue
    Beyond book indexing: how to get started in Web indexing, embedded indexing and other computer-based media. Ed. by D. Brenner u. M. Rowland.

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