Search (19 results, page 1 of 1)

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Abstract

Als dynamische und einfache Form der Auszeichnung von Ressourcen kann sich Tagging im E-Learning positiv auf Partizipation, soziale Navigation und das Verständnis der Lernenden auswirken. Dieser Beitrag beleuchtet verschiedene Möglichkeiten des Einsatzes von Social Tagging in Lehrportalen und E-LearningKursen. Hierzu werden zunächst drei konkrete Anwendungsfälle dargestellt. Anschließend werden aus den Anwendungsfällen gewonnene Erkenntnisse für Lehr-/Lernszenarien zusammengefasst.

Date

21. 6.2009 12:22:44

Footnote

Beitrag der Tagung "Social Tagging in der Wissensorganisation" am 21.-22.02.2008 am Institut für Wissensmedien (IWM) in Tübingen.

Source

Good tags - bad tags: Social Tagging in der Wissensorganisation. Hrsg.: B. Gaiser, u.a

Theme

Social tagging

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Abstract

This book explores the software design, social practices, and collaboration theory that would be needed to support group cognition - collective knowledge that is constructed by small groups online. Innovative uses of global and local networks of linked computers make new ways of collaborative working, learning, and acting possible. In "Group Cognition", Gerry Stahl explores the technological and social reconfigurations that are needed to achieve computer-supported collaborative knowledge building - group cognition that transcends the limits of individual cognition. Computers can provide active media for social group cognition where ideas grow through the interactions within groups of people; software functionality can manage group discourse that results in shared understandings, new meanings, and collaborative learning. Stahl offers software design prototypes, analyses empirical instances of collaboration, and elaborates a theory of collaboration that takes the group, rather than the individual, as the unit of analysis. Stahl's design studies concentrate on mechanisms to support group formation, multiple interpretive perspectives, and the negotiation of group knowledge in applications as varied as collaborative curriculum development by teachers, writing summaries by students, and designing space voyages by NASA engineers. His empirical analysis shows how, in small-group collaborations, the group constructs intersubjective knowledge that emerges from and appears in the discourse itself. This discovery of group meaning becomes the springboard for Stahl's outline of a social theory of collaborative knowing. Stahl also discusses such related issues as the distinction between meaning making at the group level and interpretation at the individual level, appropriate research methodology, philosophical directions for group cognition theory, and suggestions for further empirical work.

Footnote

Rez. in: JASIST 59(2008) no.9, S.1531. (C. Caldeira): "Successful, real-world organizations employ groups to get work done. Despite the large number of years of collaborative models in work-group paradigm, it is a little surprising that there are very few books about the subject. Furthermore, most of those studies are mainly focused on work group performance management and work productivity. This text belongs to the advanced type, and is a valuable resource for graduate students in a wide range of courses and for a large spectrum of professionals interested in collaborative work. Due to its advanced level, some topics are relatively difficult to understand if the reader does not have some background in collaborative work and group cognition. Students who use this book will rapidly understand the most important topics of the science of collaboration for computer-supported cooperative work and computer-supported collaborative learning, and their relation to the business world of our days. The main concern and fundamental idea of this book is to set its focus primarily on work group, and not on individuals. Stahl's baseline is to use the science of collaboration for computer-supported cooperative work and computer-supported collaborative learning to conduct comparative studies on group interaction, group meaning, group cognition, group discourse, and thinking. The book is divided into three distinct parts. The first one is about the design of computer support for collaborative work and presents eight studies centered on software tools and their particular applications: The first three are AI applications for collaborative computer-supported cooperative work and computer-supported collaborative learning, the fourth and the fifth are about collaborative media, and the last ones are a combination of computational technology and collaborative functions. The second part is focused on the analysis on knowledge building in the collaborative work of small groups. It is developed with support on five essays published by Stahl from 2000 to 2004. In the first of those chapters, he describes a model of collaborative knowledge building and how to share knowledge production. The second criticizes some cooperative work and collaborative learning research methodologies that make the collaborative phenomena hard to perceive. The remaining chapters mostly provide mechanisms to understand in new and better ways collaborative processes. The third part contains the theoretical corpus of the book. Chapters 14 through 21 contain the most recent of Stahl's contributions to the theoretical foundations of computer-supported cooperative work and computer-supported collaborative learning. Chapters 16 to 18 provide much material about topics directly related to group cognition research and collaborative work in modern organizations. Finally, the last part of the book contains an exhaustive list of references that will be of great value to all interested in the multiple aspects and fields of cooperative work and collaborative learning."

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Abstract

This study surveyed 536 CAL publications in 71 SSCI (Social Science Citation Index) journals from 1998 to February 2006 to identify trends and lacunae for future research. The parameters and keywords employed by the authors are first presented, followed by a description of the study's general findings. A comparison is then drawn between CAL and recent depictions of the blogosphere, for the majority of the contributors to the field produced only a few articles and authors of individual publications demonstrated a far greater collective influence on the field than the more frequently-cited authors. Results also revealed that the amount of articles pertaining to the aged, disabled children, and home schooling were significantly lower than those relating to school student's learning. This study offers an interesting snapshot of a field that is apparently on the rise; moreover, it raises some issues to be addressed in further research on CAL-related topics.

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Abstract

Der Praxisguide Wissensmanagement gibt eine umsetzungsorientierte Anleitung, wie heute Wissensmanagement in Unternehmen geplant und umgesetzt werden kann und welche Vorgehensweise den meisten Nutzen bringt. Diese umfasst die Wissensvermittlung mit Printmedien, Computer Based Training (CBT), Web Based Training (WBT), interaktives Business TV, e-Training und die Wissensvermittlung mit Hilfe von Lernplattformen (Learning-Management-Systemen, LMS). Dabei werden nicht nur die unterschiedlichen Möglichkeiten der genannten Medien aufgezeigt, sondern auch der konkrete Beitrag in der Wertschöpfungskette der Unternehmung. Der Return on Investment des Wissensmanagements wird mit Hilfe einer dafür entwickelten Score Card dargestellt. Der Praxisguide bleibt aber nicht bei den gegenwärtigen Möglichkeiten stehen. Er formuliert Thesen für die Trainings- und Lernwelt von Morgen und zeigt die Möglichkeiten, die sich durch Social Computing und Web 2.0-Anwendungen (Weblog, Wiki u.a.) für die Unternehmen in Zukunft ergeben.

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Abstract

The virtual university environment provides librarians with new opportunities to contribute to the educational process. Building on the success of team-teaching a traditional liberal arts core course with composition and communications faculty, librarians and a communications professor worked together to integrate the Association of College & Research Libraries (ACRL) Information Literacy Competency Standards for Higher Education (2000) into the online environment. The resulting graduate-level course in multimedia literacy assembled faculty and curriculum resources normally untapped in traditional classrooms. All five information literacy standards covering need, access, evaluation, use and the social, economic, legal, and ethical issues surrounding information use were addressed. Readings and threaded discussions about intellectual property, fair use of copyrighted materials, the evaluation of free and fee-based Web information and Web page design and construction prepared students to work in groups to design and construct Web sites. Students also completed a capstone project in the form of individual Web portfolios, which demonstrated the information and multimedia principles they learned in the class. Assessment of information literacy skills occurred through the analysis of student discussion, evaluative annotations, Web site assignments, perception surveys, and a master's level comprehensive exam question. What was learned in this course will serve as a model for future collaborative partnerships in which faculty and librarians work together to ensure that students who learn from a distance truly master information literacy competencies.

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Content

Inhalt: Learning: Basic Processes - Introduction - Basic Information Processes - Integrating Themes - Where do Integrating Themes come From? - Theory Generation and Testing - Learning: Individual Differences - Styles of Learning - Levels of Learning - References - Education - Educational Philosophies and Learning Design - Autonomy and Mediation - Library and Information Science - Standards for Supporting Resource Discovery - Information Seeking and Autonomous Learning - Information Seeking as Conversations - ICT Developments: Resource Discovery - Tools and Techniques to Support Information Seeking and Resource Discovery - Metadata - Ontologies and the Semantic Web - Educational Metadata and Ontologies - ICT Developments: Learning Design And Teaching - Intelligent and Adaptive Tutoring Systems - Learning Environments and Interoperability - General ICT-Based Developments - Educational Opportunities Afforded by ICT Developments - Educational Informatics Systems: Individual Approaches - Metadata-Enabled Learning Resource Discovery - Adaptive Systems for Personalised Resource Discovery - Open Corpus Resource Discovery - From Supplantation to Metacognition - Educational Informatics Systems: Social Approaches - Alternative Pedagogies - Educational Informatics Systems that Learn - Community-Based Learning - Real World Learning - Theory and Practice - Educational Informatics Support for Critical Thinking and Creativity - Making Sense of Research: Generating Useful Real World Knowledge - Going Forward: Research Issues and the Future - Different Perspectives on Educational Informatics Developments - Types Of Evidence - Contingent Dependencies, and Object and Meta Languages - Reality Checking For Quality Control - Towards the Learning Web

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Date

11. 8.2002 15:05:22

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Abstract

This paper investigates an innovative approach to training non-traditional employees, particularly student workers, in a library cataloging department. The author presents guidelines and pedagogical aspects of using e-learning courseware for basic cataloging training, reviews the challenges and difficulties encountered in the project, and introduces the content and structure of prototype 2 of the courseware. This e-learning courseware for basic cataloging can be adapted to facilitate the training of other groups of new staff in the cataloging department.

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Abstract

Different organizations adopt accessibility for various and diverse reasons. Interesting and inspiring as such reasons may be, it is important to ensure that the motivation for supporting accessibility is that it is the right thing to do, i.e. a commitment to the provision of equal opportunities for accessing resources for people with special needs. Among the various efforts for supporting the development of accessible e-learning material, most of them propose guidelines that prevalently address technical accessibility issues (such as the format and navigation of learning material) with little or no consideration for the didactical experts, and thus their didactical experience, in developing learning material. Moreover, the aforementioned guidelines tend to provide generic indications on alternative forms of didactical content for equivalent access to it. None the less, the sole provision of equivalent forms does not guarantee the retention of desirable user interface aspects and may therefore have a negative impact on learning effectiveness. While this paper acknowledges the role of such guidelines, it does propose that the didactical experts be provided with a non-technical recourse, improving their development of accessible e-learning content. By tapping into the experience of the didactical experts, this work provides them with an avenue leading to enhance the accessibility of e-learning material.

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Abstract

Wie müssen wir virtuelle Rundgänge und Online-Tutorials gestalten, damit sie ihre Zielgruppe auch wirklich erreichen? Worauf müssen wir bei einer guten Präsentation unseres OPACs achten? Was machen wir mit großen Schülergruppen? Diesen Fragen stellten sich insgesamt 22 Bibliothekarinnen und Bibliothekare in Münster und Köln während zweier Fortbildungsveranstaltungen des HBZ im Juni 2003. Ziel der jeweils zweitägigen Workshops, die in Zusammenarbeit mit der Adhoc-Arbeitsgruppe "Informationskompetenz" der AG der Universitätsbibliotheken im VBNW konzipiert wurden, waren Konzepte und erste Schritte zur Umsetzung von elektronischen Angeboten zur Vermittlung von Bibliotheksbzw. Informationskompetenz. Dem voraus ging die konstruktive Bewertung von bereits existierenden Materialien, die zum einen von den Teilnehmern aus ihren Bibliotheken mitgebracht wurden, zum anderen über Bibliotheks-Homepages abrufbar waren. Die Teilnehmer, die in ihren Bibliotheken bereits Benutzerschulungen konzipieren und durchführen, beschäftigten sich dabei in Gruppen u.a. mit den Themen - Virtuelle Rundgänge, - Online-Tutorials - Bibliothekseinführungen für Schüler und Erstsemester - Präsentationen von Online-Katalog und Methoden zur Literatursuche. Im Folgenden werden einige wesentliche und manchmal durchaus kontrovers diskutierte Ergebnisse und Thesen wiedergegeben, die sich aus der Arbeit der Teilnehmer ergeben haben. Sie erheben keinen Anspruch auf Ausgewogenheit oder Vollständigkeit, können aber als Anregungen und Diskussionsgrundlage für zukünftige Projekte dienen.

Date

31.12.2003 18:22:26

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Date

22. 5.2005 10:39:09

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Date

10. 2.2008 14:22:00

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Abstract

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to review recent developments in educational informatics relating to the provision by information systems of pedagogical support to web-based learners, and to propose further investigation of the feasibility and potential value of web-based "conversational" information systems to complement adaptive hypermedia and information retrieval systems. Design/methodology/approach - The potential of Pask's conversation theory is considered as a potentially useful framework for the development of information systems capable of providing pedagogical support for web-based learners, complementary to that provided by existing computer-assisted learning and adaptive hypermedia systems. The potential role and application of entailment meshes are reviewed in relation to other forms of knowledge representation including classifications, semantic networks, ontologies and representations based on knowledge space theory. Findings - Concludes that conversation theory could be a useful framework to support the development of web-based "conversational" information that would complement aspects of computer-assisted learning, adaptive hypermedia and information retrieval systems. The entailment mesh knowledge representation associated with conversation theory provides the potential for providing particularly rich pedagogical support by virtue of its properties of cyclicity, consistency and connectivity, designed to support deep and enduring levels of understanding. Research limitations/implications - Although based on a considerable body of theoretical and empirical work relating to conversation theory, the paper remains speculative in that the gap is still great between, on the one hand, what has so far been achieved and, on the other, the practical realisation of its potential to enhance web-based learning. Much work remains to be done in terms of exploring the extent to which procedures developed and benefits found in relatively small-scale experimental contexts can effectively be scaled to yield enhanced support for "real world" learning-related information behaviour. Originality/value - The ideas of Pask, discussed in this paper, are capable of guiding the structuring of information according to parameters designed to facilitate deep and enduring understanding via interactive "conversational" engagement between the conceptual structures of information source authors and learners. If one can scale Pask's work to "real world" learning-related information behaviour, one can increase the range of web-based information systems and services capable of providing pedagogical support to web-based learners.

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Content

Key Features - Jargon-free and aimed at information professionals with Sole/mixed responsibilities - Identifies leading systems, disussing strenghts and weaknesses - Draws examples from current practice in Higher Education - Discusses management and implementation aspects Contents What is online learning What resources are required to provide online learning What systems are available, what are their features What are the support issues in delivering online learning - staff and student support challenges; trends in distance learning and part time study; emergence of ubiquitous student-tutor-system relationship; use of automatic and human support systems; role of support staff and academic tutors in system support; benefits of online vs. hardcopy support documentation How can online learning be made accessible and usable - influence of legislative and Standard-making bodies in accessibility and usability issues, e.g.: Euroaccessibility, W3C (Word Wide Web Consortium); other international guidelines, e.g.: Bobby; access issues in conventional web browsers; overview of accessible web browsers; methods for testing online learning systems for accessibility and usability; suggestions for user feedback; comparison of accessibility across online learning systems How should online learning systems be managed - online course creation; user account creation; Single-signon vs. independent systems; use of templates and global content for generic library resources; considerations for organisation of academic content; security and abuse issues; elearning policy and procedures; role of academic and other staff in supporting online learning; use of elearning Champions or coordinators; procedures for user induction and registration an online courses; models for user support. How should online learning be monitored and quality assured

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Abstract

Purpose - The CIBER group at University College London are currently evaluating a distance education initiative funded by the Department of Health, providing in-service training to NHS staff via DiTV and satellite to PC systems. This paper aims to provide the context for the project by outlining a short history of distance education, describing the media used in providing remote education, and to review research literature on achievement, attitude, barriers to learning and learner characteristics. Design/methodology/approach - Literature review, with particular, although not exclusive, emphasis on health. Findings - The literature shows little difference in achievement between distance and traditional learners, although using a variety of media, both to deliver pedagogic material and to facilitate communication, does seem to enhance learning. Similarly, attitudinal studies appear to show that the greater number of channels offered, the more positive students are about their experiences. With regard to barriers to completing courses, the main problems appear to be family or work obligations. Research limitations/implications - The research work this review seeks to consider is examining "on-demand" showing of filmed lectures via a DiTV system. The literature on DiTV applications research, however, is dominated by studies of simultaneous viewing by on-site and remote students, rather than "on-demand". Practical implications - Current research being carried out by the authors should enhance the findings accrued by the literature, by exploring the impact of "on-demand" video material, delivered by DiTV - something no previous research appears to have examined. Originality/value - Discusses different electronic systems and their exploitation for distance education, and cross-references these with several aspects evaluated in the literature: achievement, attitude, barriers to take-up or success, to provide a holistic picture hitherto missing from the literature.

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Date

13. 1.2002 18:22:16

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Date

22. 3.2008 14:43:03

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Abstract

Ähnlich spektakulär und informativ präsentieren sich auch die Astronomen: Ihr schier unerschöpflicher Fundus von Bildern und Filmen macht das "elektronische Universum" auf http://zebu.uoregon.edu ebenso einen Klick wert wie die Geschichte von "Geburt und Tod der Sterne" auf demselben Server (http://zebu.uoregon.edu/~js/astl22). Schnell gerät der Wissensdurstige auf reizvolle Seitenpfade, denn viele Vorlesungen glänzen mit sorgfältig zusammengestellten Linklisten. Die führen zum Beispiel zu den "Chemischen Briefen" Justus von Liebigs, wie sie im 19. Jahrhundert zunächst als Wissenschaftskolumne in der Augsburger Allgemeinen Zeitung erschienen (www.liebig-museum.de/chbriefe/homepage.htm). Selbst die Alchemie - neunzig ansprechend präsentierte Megabyte auf www.alchemywebsite. com - verleitet zum Verweilen. Historisches ist, weil nicht stets aktualisierungsbedürftig, ohnehin beliebt im Netz. So wartet etwa die Universität Groningen (Niederlande) mit einem voluminösen Hypertext auf, praktisch ein komplettes Lehrbuch der amerikanischen Geschichte mit Texten, Essays und Präsidentenbiografien (http://odur.let.rug.nl/usanew). Noch weiter zurück in die Vergangenheit reicht eine Anthropologen-Website über den Ursprung des Menschen (www.geocities.com/Athens/Acropolis/5579/TA.html). Verspieltere Naturen werden dort zuerst fossile Schädel zuzuordnen versuchen ("Name That Skull") oder einem Anthropologiestudenten beim Wurf des Atlatl zusehen. Dieser frühe Wurfspeer machte schon den Mammuts zu schaffen und drang noch vor wenigen hundert Jahren durch die eiserne Rüstung spanischer Konquistadoren. Selbst Angewandtes bietet die World Lecture Hall. Etwa die "Geschichte der ökonomischen Denkweise" einschließlich eines 22-Minuten-"Interviews" mit Karl Marx auf www.boisestate.edu/econ/lreynol/web/het.htm. Oder Online-Sprachkurse: Wollof und Xhosa, Suaheli und Sanskrit lehrt http://www.word2word.vorn/courscad.html. Surfen allein fördert die akademische Karriere allerdings nicht unbedingt. Wer of fizielle Online-Zertifikate in Deutschland anstrebt, findet in dem Beitrag "Virtuelle Universität im Selbstversuch" (Spektrum der Wissenschaft 11/ 2001, S. 109) gute Startpunkte für das Studieren im Netz, angefangen bei - na wo wohl? - www.studieren-irre-netz.de."

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Content

Bundesweite Förderprogramme und Landesinitiativen zur Verbreitung des computergestützten Lernens in der Aus- und Weiterbildung gaben den Ausschlag für eine Untersuchung des Einsatzes von E-Learning an deutschen Hochschulen. Durchgeführt wurde sie vom Institut für Medien- und Kompetenzforschung und dem Multimedia Kontor Hamburg. Gegründet wurde das Kontor von den staatlichen Hochschulen in Hamburg, die sich in einem gemeinsamen E-Learning-Consortium . zusammengeschlossen hallen. Das Kernergebnis der Studie, an der sich vor allem Hochschulen beteiligt haben, die diese neue Lernform tatsächlich einsetzen, lautet: E-LearnIng ist Bestandteil, aber nicht Alltag in der Hochschule. Danach setzt die Mehrheit von 86 der 95 befragten Hochschulen Computer in Lehrveranstal- tungen ein. Vor allem an großen und staatlichen Einrichtungen werden computergestützte Lernformen angeboten. Bei den Lernangeboten handelt es sich an 63 Hochschulen um Präsenzveranstaltungen mit Online-Unterstützung. Blended-Learning-Arrangements, also allgemein netzgestützte Angebote, und reine Online-Studiengänge werden nur an 40 beziehungsweise 22 Lehrstätten angeboten. Durchschnittlich setzen neun von zehn befragten Hochschulen aktuell E-Learning in ihren Lehrveranstaltungen ein. Ziel der Untersuchung war es auch, zu ermitteln, wie E-Learning-Angebote innerhalb verschiedener Studiengänge genutzt werden. Die Verfasser kommen zu dem Schluss, dass die Differenzierung der E-Learning-Angebote nach Fächergruppen deutliche Schwerpunkte erkennen lässt. So sind Disziplinen mit ausgeprägter Computeraffinität wie Informatik und Ingenieurwissenschaften neben Fächern mit hohen Studierendenzahlen wie etwa Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaften klare Vorreiter in der neuen computergestützten Hochschullehre. Im Mittelfeld finden sich dagegen kreativ-gestalterische Studiengänge wie Kunst, Design und Mediengestaltung sowie Sprach- und Kulturwissenschaften, aber auch Natur- und Umweltwissenschaften. Für diese lässt sich vermuten, dass aufgrund ihres hohen Praxisanteils der Computer hier nur bedingt zum Einsatz kommen kann. Dass Rechtswissenschaften und Technikstudiengänge auf den hinteren Plätzen rangieren, kann kaum überraschen. Denn hier wird der Computer nur selten als LehrLern-Medium eingesetzt. Anders sieht es aus in den medizinisch-pharmazeutischen Disziplinen. Denn in der Medizinerausbildung und -praxis kommen Computer häufig zum Einsatz. Die niedrigen Einsatzzahlen müssen daher erstaunen. Neben der Ermittlung des Umfangs und der Verteilung auf unterschiedliche Studiengänge analysierten die Autoren die Akzeptanzwerte von E-Learning-Angeboten. Befragt wurden, Hochschulvertreter. Die waren selbst weniger im Hochschulbetrieb eingebunden, sondern bekleideten Leitungspositionen. Rund die Hälfte von ihnen denkt, dass Lehrende gegenüber dem Einsatz von E-Learning-Angeboten positiv eingestellt sind. Jeder Neunte glaubt hingegen an eine Befürwortung klassischer Präsenzveranstaltungen. Eine höhere Akzeptanz vermuten die Befragten dabei bei den Lehrenden von Fachhochschulen. Auch den Studierenden insgesamt werden höhere Akzeptanzwerte bescheinigt. Die Befragten schätzen dabei aber, dass nur bis zu fünf Prozent aller Studierenden gegenwärtig mit E-Learning arbeiten. Die Befragten geben ferner Auskunft darüber, wie sie die Lernergebnisse unter Einsatz neuer Techniken einschätzen. Nur ein Viertel schätzt dabei die Qualität von Prüfungsergebnissen beim E-Learning im Vergleich zu Präsenzveranstaltungen als besser ein. Jeder Zweite kann keinen Qualitätsunterschied ausmachen. Allerdings geht die Hälfte der befragten Hochschulmitarbeiter davon aus, dass die Nutzer den neuen Technologie bis 2007 bessere Eregbnisse in Tests erzielen werden. Entsprechend prognostizieren die Befragten einen Anstieg der studentischen E-Learning-Nutzer innerhalb der nächsten Jahre: Drei von vier Hochschulvertretern kommen zu dem Schluss, dass künftig mehr Studierende mit Hilfe des Computers lernen werden."