Search (11 results, page 1 of 1)

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Source

https%3A%2F%2Farxiv.org%2Fabs%2F2212.06721&usg=AOvVaw3i_9pZm9y_dQWoHi6uv0EN

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Date

27. 1.2023 16:22:55

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Abstract

Künstliche Intelligenz (KI) und natürliches Sprachverstehen (natural language understanding/NLU) verändern viele Aspekte unseres Alltags und unserer Arbeitsweise. Besondere Prominenz erlangte NLU durch Sprachassistenten wie Siri, Alexa und Google Now. NLU bietet Firmen und Einrichtungen das Potential, Prozesse effizienter zu gestalten und Mehrwert aus textuellen Inhalten zu schöpfen. So sind NLU-Lösungen in der Lage, komplexe, unstrukturierte Dokumente inhaltlich zu erschließen. Für die semantische Textanalyse hat das NLU-Team des IAIS Sprachmodelle entwickelt, die mit Deep-Learning-Verfahren trainiert werden. Die NLU-Suite analysiert Dokumente, extrahiert Eckdaten und erstellt bei Bedarf sogar eine strukturierte Zusammenfassung. Mit diesen Ergebnissen, aber auch über den Inhalt der Dokumente selbst, lassen sich Dokumente vergleichen oder Texte mit ähnlichen Informationen finden. KI-basierten Sprachmodelle sind der klassischen Verschlagwortung deutlich überlegen. Denn sie finden nicht nur Texte mit vordefinierten Schlagwörtern, sondern suchen intelligent nach Begriffen, die in ähnlichem Zusammenhang auftauchen oder als Synonym gebraucht werden. Der Vortrag liefert eine Einordnung der Begriffe "Künstliche Intelligenz" und "Natural Language Understanding" und zeigt Möglichkeiten, Grenzen, aktuelle Forschungsrichtungen und Methoden auf. Anhand von Praxisbeispielen wird anschließend demonstriert, wie NLU zur automatisierten Belegverarbeitung, zur Katalogisierung von großen Datenbeständen wie Nachrichten und Patenten und zur automatisierten thematischen Gruppierung von Social Media Beiträgen und Publikationen genutzt werden kann.

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Abstract

We present a search system for grammatically analyzed corpora of Finnish parliamentary records and interviews with former parliamentarians, annotated with metadata of talk structure and involved parliamentarians, and discuss their use through carefully chosen digital humanities case studies. We first introduce the construction, contents, and principles of use of the corpora. Then we discuss the application of the search system and the corpora to study how politicians talk about power, how ideological terms are used in political speech, and how to identify narratives in the data. All case studies stem from questions in the humanities and the social sciences, but rely on the grammatically parsed corpora in both identifying and quantifying passages of interest. Finally, the paper discusses the role of natural language processing methods for questions in the (digital) humanities. It makes the claim that a digital humanities inquiry of parliamentary speech and interviews with politicians cannot only rely on computational humanities modeling, but needs to accommodate a range of perspectives starting with simple searches, quantitative exploration, and ending with modeling. Furthermore, the digital humanities need a more thorough discussion about how the utilization of tools from information science and technologies alter the research questions posed in the humanities.

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Abstract

Believable proxies of human behavior can empower interactive applications ranging from immersive environments to rehearsal spaces for interpersonal communication to prototyping tools. In this paper, we introduce generative agents--computational software agents that simulate believable human behavior. Generative agents wake up, cook breakfast, and head to work; artists paint, while authors write; they form opinions, notice each other, and initiate conversations; they remember and reflect on days past as they plan the next day. To enable generative agents, we describe an architecture that extends a large language model to store a complete record of the agent's experiences using natural language, synthesize those memories over time into higher-level reflections, and retrieve them dynamically to plan behavior. We instantiate generative agents to populate an interactive sandbox environment inspired by The Sims, where end users can interact with a small town of twenty five agents using natural language. In an evaluation, these generative agents produce believable individual and emergent social behaviors: for example, starting with only a single user-specified notion that one agent wants to throw a Valentine's Day party, the agents autonomously spread invitations to the party over the next two days, make new acquaintances, ask each other out on dates to the party, and coordinate to show up for the party together at the right time. We demonstrate through ablation that the components of our agent architecture--observation, planning, and reflection--each contribute critically to the believability of agent behavior. By fusing large language models with computational, interactive agents, this work introduces architectural and interaction patterns for enabling believable simulations of human behavior.

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Abstract

Text classification is a common task in data science. Despite the superior performances of deep learning based models in various text classification tasks, their black-box nature poses significant challenges for wide adoption. The knowledge-to-action framework emphasizes several principles concerning the application and use of knowledge, such as ease-of-use, customization, and feedback. With the guidance of the above principles and the properties of interpretable machine learning, we identify the design requirements for and propose an interpretable deep learning (IDeL) based framework for text classification models. IDeL comprises three main components: feature penetration, instance aggregation, and feature perturbation. We evaluate our implementation of the framework with two distinct case studies: fake news detection and social question categorization. The experiment results provide evidence for the efficacy of IDeL components in enhancing the interpretability of text classification models. Moreover, the findings are generalizable across binary and multi-label, multi-class classification problems. The proposed IDeL framework introduce a unique iField perspective for building trusted models in data science by improving the transparency and access to advanced black-box models.

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Abstract

Most research efforts related to automatic readability assessment focus on the design of strategies that apply to a specific language. These state-of-the-art strategies are highly dependent on linguistic features that best suit the language for which they were intended, constraining their adaptability and making it difficult to determine whether they would remain effective if they were applied to estimate the level of difficulty of texts in other languages. In this article, we present the results of a study designed to determine the feasibility of a cross-lingual readability assessment strategy. For doing so, we first analyzed the most common features used for readability assessment and determined their influence on the readability prediction process of 6 different languages: English, Spanish, Basque, Italian, French, and Catalan. In addition, we developed a cross-lingual readability assessment strategy that serves as a means to empirically explore the potential advantages of employing a single strategy (and set of features) for readability assessment in different languages, including interlanguage prediction agreement and prediction accuracy improvement for low-resource languages.Friend request acceptance and information disclosure constitute 2 important privacy decisions for users to control the flow of their personal information in social network sites (SNSs). These decisions are greatly influenced by contextual characteristics of the request. However, the contextual influence may not be uniform among users with different levels of privacy concerns. In this study, we hypothesize that users with higher privacy concerns may consider contextual factors differently from those with lower privacy concerns. By conducting a scenario-based survey study and structural equation modeling, we verify the interaction effects between privacy concerns and contextual factors. We additionally find that users' perceived risk towards the requester mediates the effect of context and privacy concerns. These results extend our understanding about the cognitive process behind privacy decision making in SNSs. The interaction effects suggest strategies for SNS providers to predict user's friend request acceptance and to customize context-aware privacy decision support based on users' different privacy attitudes.

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Date

2. 3.2020 19:04:22

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Date

29.12.2022 18:22:55

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Date

16. 3.2023 19:22:55

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Date

23.11.2023 19:07:22