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Guizzardi, G.; Guarino, N.: Semantics, ontology and explanation (2023)
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- Abstract
- The terms 'semantics' and 'ontology' are increasingly appearing together with 'explanation', not only in the scientific literature, but also in organizational communication. However, all of these terms are also being significantly overloaded. In this paper, we discuss their strong relation under particular interpretations. Specifically, we discuss a notion of explanation termed ontological unpacking, which aims at explaining symbolic domain descriptions (conceptual models, knowledge graphs, logical specifications) by revealing their ontological commitment in terms of their assumed truthmakers, i.e., the entities in one's ontology that make the propositions in those descriptions true. To illustrate this idea, we employ an ontological theory of relations to explain (by revealing the hidden semantics of) a very simple symbolic model encoded in the standard modeling language UML. We also discuss the essential role played by ontology-driven conceptual models (resulting from this form of explanation processes) in properly supporting semantic interoperability tasks. Finally, we discuss the relation between ontological unpacking and other forms of explanation in philosophy and science, as well as in the area of Artificial Intelligence.
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Allen, G.G.: Change in the catalogue in the context of library management (1976)
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-
Kemp, A. de: Information provision : a publisher's point of view in changing times and with new technologies (1993)
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- Abstract
- Almost everybody seems to be talking about document delivery and digital libraries. Library networks are starting joint ventures with journal subscription agencies and offering electronic tables of contents. Integrated systems for image management and document management are being implemented. Academic networks and Internet are being used at an exponential rate. At the same time budgets for the acquisition of books and journals are shrinking and alternatives for the delivery of information are being discussed. Are there alternatives and what will be their impact?
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Panzer, M.: Ontological representation of the DDC : Brainstorming, May 6th 2008 (2008)
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Satija, M.P.: Classification and indexing in India : a state-of-the-art (1992)
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Pejtersen, A.M.; Jensen, H.; Speck, P.; Villumsen, S.; Weber, S.: Catalogs for children : the Book House project on visualization of database retrieval and classification (1993)
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- Abstract
- This paper describes the Book House system which is designed to support children's information retrieval in libraries as part of their education. It is a shareware program available on CD-ROM and discs, and comprises functionality for database searching as well as for the classification and storage of book information in the database. The system concept is based on an understanding of children's domain structures and their capabilities for categorization of information needs in connection with their activities in public libraries, in school libraries or in schools. These structures are visualized in the interface by using metaphors and multimedia technology. Through the use of text, images and animation, the Book House supports children - even at a very early age - to learn by doing in an enjoyable way which plays on their previous experiences with computer games. Both words and pictures can be used for searching; this makes the system suitable for all age groups. Even children who have not yet learned to read properly can by selecting pictures search for and find books they would like to have read aloud. Thus at the very beginning of their school period, they can learn to search for books on their own. For the library community itself, such a system will provide an extended service which will increase the number of children's own searches and also improve the relevance, quality and utilization of the collections in the libraries. A market research on the need for an annual indexing service for books in the Book House format is in preparation by the Danish Library Center
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Isaac, A.; Raemy, J.A.; Meijers, E.; Valk, S. De; Freire, N.: Metadata aggregation via linked data : results of the Europeana Common Culture project (2020)
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- Abstract
- Digital cultural heritage resources are widely available on the web through the digital libraries of heritage institutions. To address the difficulties of discoverability in cultural heritage, the common practice is metadata aggregation, where centralized efforts like Europeana facilitate discoverability by collecting the resources' metadata. We present the results of the linked data aggregation task conducted within the Europeana Common Culture project, which attempted an innovative approach to aggregation based on linked data made available by cultural heritage institutions. This task ran for one year with participation of eleven organizations, involving the three member roles of the Europeana network: data providers, intermediary aggregators, and the central aggregation hub, Europeana. We report on the challenges that were faced by data providers, the standards and specifications applied, and the resulting aggregated metadata.
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Aydin, Ö.; Karaarslan, E.: OpenAI ChatGPT generated literature review: : digital twin in healthcare (2022)
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- Abstract
- Literature review articles are essential to summarize the related work in the selected field. However, covering all related studies takes too much time and effort. This study questions how Artificial Intelligence can be used in this process. We used ChatGPT to create a literature review article to show the stage of the OpenAI ChatGPT artificial intelligence application. As the subject, the applications of Digital Twin in the health field were chosen. Abstracts of the last three years (2020, 2021 and 2022) papers were obtained from the keyword "Digital twin in healthcare" search results on Google Scholar and paraphrased by ChatGPT. Later on, we asked ChatGPT questions. The results are promising; however, the paraphrased parts had significant matches when checked with the Ithenticate tool. This article is the first attempt to show the compilation and expression of knowledge will be accelerated with the help of artificial intelligence. We are still at the beginning of such advances. The future academic publishing process will require less human effort, which in turn will allow academics to focus on their studies. In future studies, we will monitor citations to this study to evaluate the academic validity of the content produced by the ChatGPT. 1. Introduction OpenAI ChatGPT (ChatGPT, 2022) is a chatbot based on the OpenAI GPT-3 language model. It is designed to generate human-like text responses to user input in a conversational context. OpenAI ChatGPT is trained on a large dataset of human conversations and can be used to create responses to a wide range of topics and prompts. The chatbot can be used for customer service, content creation, and language translation tasks, creating replies in multiple languages. OpenAI ChatGPT is available through the OpenAI API, which allows developers to access and integrate the chatbot into their applications and systems. OpenAI ChatGPT is a variant of the GPT (Generative Pre-trained Transformer) language model developed by OpenAI. It is designed to generate human-like text, allowing it to engage in conversation with users naturally and intuitively. OpenAI ChatGPT is trained on a large dataset of human conversations, allowing it to understand and respond to a wide range of topics and contexts. It can be used in various applications, such as chatbots, customer service agents, and language translation systems. OpenAI ChatGPT is a state-of-the-art language model able to generate coherent and natural text that can be indistinguishable from text written by a human. As an artificial intelligence, ChatGPT may need help to change academic writing practices. However, it can provide information and guidance on ways to improve people's academic writing skills.
-
Robertson, S.E.: OKAPI at TREC (1994)
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- Abstract
- Paper presented at the Text Retrieval Conference (TREC), Washington, DC, Nov 1992. Describes the OKAPI experimental text information retrieval system in terms of its design principles: the use of simple, robust and easy to use techniques which use best match searching and avoid Boolean logic
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Wilk, D.: Problems in the use of Library of Congress Subject Headings as the basis for Hebrew subject headings in the Bar-Ilan University Library (2000)
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Goldberg, J.: Classification of religion in LCC (2000)
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Jansen, B.; Browne, G.M.: Navigating information spaces : index / mind map / topic map? (2021)
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- Abstract
- This paper discusses the use of wiki technology to provide a navigation structure for a collection of newspaper clippings. We overview the architecture of the wiki, discuss the navigation structure and pose the question: is the navigation structure an index, and if so, what type, or is it just a linkage structure or topic map. Does such a distinction really matter? Are these definitions in reality function based?
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Béguet, B.; Jouguelet, S.; Naudi, M.: French translation of Dewey Decimal Classification : Assessment and perspectives from the scientific contribution by the Bibliothèque Nationale de France (1998)
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Beall, J.: French Dewey : Potential influence on development of the DDC (1998)
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Adler, E.: Multilingual and multiscript access : the case of Israel (2000)
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Balikova, M.: ¬The national bibliography of a small country in international context (2000)
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Byrum, J.D.: ¬The birth and re-birth of the ISBD's : process and procedures for creating and revising the International Standard Bibliographic Description (2000)
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Harroch, M.: ¬The importance of leaflets as an historical source and the difficulties in cataloguing them (2000)
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Kaparova, N.; Shwartsman, M.: Creation of the electronic resources metadatabase in russia : problems and prospects (2000)
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McIlwaine, I.C.: Section on Classification and Indexing : review of activities 1999-2000 (2000)
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