-
Savoy, J.: Estimating the probability of an authorship attribution (2016)
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- Date
- 7. 5.2016 21:22:27
- Source
- Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 67(2016) no.6, S.1462-1472
-
Fautsch, C.; Savoy, J.: Algorithmic stemmers or morphological analysis? : an evaluation (2009)
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- Abstract
- It is important in information retrieval (IR), information extraction, or classification tasks that morphologically related forms are conflated under the same stem (using stemmer) or lemma (using morphological analyzer). To achieve this for the English language, algorithmic stemming or various morphological analysis approaches have been suggested. Based on Cross-Language Evaluation Forum test collections containing 284 queries and various IR models, this article evaluates these word-normalization proposals. Stemming improves the mean average precision significantly by around 7% while performance differences are not significant when comparing various algorithmic stemmers or algorithmic stemmers and morphological analysis. Accounting for thesaurus class numbers during indexing does not modify overall retrieval performances. Finally, we demonstrate that including a stop word list, even one containing only around 10 terms, might significantly improve retrieval performance, depending on the IR model.
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 60(2009) no.8, S.1616-1624
-
Dolamic, L.; Savoy, J.: Retrieval effectiveness of machine translated queries (2010)
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- Abstract
- This article describes and evaluates various information retrieval models used to search document collections written in English through submitting queries written in various other languages, either members of the Indo-European family (English, French, German, and Spanish) or radically different language groups such as Chinese. This evaluation method involves searching a rather large number of topics (around 300) and using two commercial machine translation systems to translate across the language barriers. In this study, mean average precision is used to measure variances in retrieval effectiveness when a query language differs from the document language. Although performance differences are rather large for certain languages pairs, this does not mean that bilingual search methods are not commercially viable. Causes of the difficulties incurred when searching or during translation are analyzed and the results of concrete examples are explained.
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 61(2010) no.11, S.2266-2273
-
Dolamic, L.; Savoy, J.: When stopword lists make the difference (2009)
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- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 61(2010) no.1, S.200-203
-
Picard, J.; Savoy, J.: Enhancing retrieval with hyperlinks : a general model based on propositional argumentation systems (2003)
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- Abstract
- Fast, effective, and adaptable techniques are needed to automatically organize and retrieve information an the ever-increasing World Wide Web. In that respect, different strategies have been suggested to take hypertext links into account. For example, hyperlinks have been used to (1) enhance document representation, (2) improve document ranking by propagating document score, (3) provide an indicator of popularity, and (4) find hubs and authorities for a given topic. Although the TREC experiments have not demonstrated the usefulness of hyperlinks for retrieval, the hypertext structure is nevertheless an essential aspect of the Web, and as such, should not be ignored. The development of abstract models of the IR task was a key factor to the improvement of search engines. However, at this time conceptual tools for modeling the hypertext retrieval task are lacking, making it difficult to compare, improve, and reason an the existing techniques. This article proposes a general model for using hyperlinks based an Probabilistic Argumentation Systems, in which each of the above-mentioned techniques can be stated. This model will allow to discover some inconsistencies in the mentioned techniques, and to take a higher level and systematic approach for using hyperlinks for retrieval.
- Footnote
- Beitrag eines Themenheftes: Mathematical, logical, and formal methods in information retrieval
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science and technology. 54(2003) no.4, S.347-355
-
Kocher, M.; Savoy, J.: ¬A simple and efficient algorithm for authorship verification (2017)
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- Source
- Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 68(2017) no.1, S.259-269
-
Dolamic, L.; Savoy, J.: Indexing and searching strategies for the Russian language (2009)
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- Abstract
- This paper describes and evaluates various stemming and indexing strategies for the Russian language. We design and evaluate two stemming approaches, a light and a more aggressive one, and compare these stemmers to the Snowball stemmer, to no stemming, and also to a language-independent approach (n-gram). To evaluate the suggested stemming strategies we apply various probabilistic information retrieval (IR) models, including the Okapi, the Divergence from Randomness (DFR), a statistical language model (LM), as well as two vector-space approaches, namely, the classical tf idf scheme and the dtu-dtn model. We find that the vector-space dtu-dtn and the DFR models tend to result in better retrieval effectiveness than the Okapi, LM, or tf idf models, while only the latter two IR approaches result in statistically significant performance differences. Ignoring stemming generally reduces the MAP by more than 50%, and these differences are always significant. When applying an n-gram approach, performance differences are usually lower than an approach involving stemming. Finally, our light stemmer tends to perform best, although performance differences between the light, aggressive, and Snowball stemmers are not statistically significant.
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 60(2009) no.12, S.2540-2547
-
Savoy, J.: Text clustering : an application with the 'State of the Union' addresses (2015)
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- Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 66(2015) no.8, S.1645-1654
-
Savoy, J.: Text representation strategies : an example with the State of the union addresses (2016)
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- Source
- Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 67(2016) no.8, S.1858-1870
-
Savoy, J.: Authorship of Pauline epistles revisited (2019)
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- Source
- Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 70(2019) no.10, S.1089-1097
-
Ikae, C.; Savoy, J.: Gender identification on Twitter (2022)
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- Source
- Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 73(2022) no.1, S.58-69
-
Savoy, J.; Ndarugendamwo, M.; Vrajitoru, D.: Report on the TREC-4 experiment : combining probabilistic and vector-space schemes (1996)
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- Imprint
- Gaithersburgh, MD : National Institute of Standards and Technology
-
Savoy, J.; Calvé, A. le; Vrajitoru, D.: Report on the TREC5 experiment : data fusion and collection fusion (1997)
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- Imprint
- Gaithersburgh, MD : National Institute of Standards and Technology
-
Savoy, J.: Stemming of French words based on grammatical categories (1993)
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- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 44(1993) no.1, S.1-9
-
Savoy, J.: Bayesian inference networks and spreading activation in hypertext systems (1992)
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- Source
- Information processing and management. 28(1992), S.389-405
-
Savoy, J.: ¬An extended vector-processing scheme for searching information in hypertext systems (1996)
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- Abstract
- When searching information in a hypertext is limited to navigation, it is not an easy task, especially when the number of nodes and/or links becomes very large. A query based access mechanism must therefore be provided to complement the navigational tools inherent in hypertext systems. Most mechanisms currently proposed are based on conventional information retrieval models which consider documents as indepent entities, and ignore hypertext links. To promote the use of other information retrieval mechnaisms adapted to hypertext systems, responds to the following questions; how can we integrate information given by hypertext links into an information retrieval scheme; are these hypertext links (and link semantics) clues to the enhancement of retrieval effectiveness; if so, how can we use them. 2 solutions are: using a default weight function based on link tape or assigning the same strength to all link types; or using a specific weight for each particular link, i.e. the level of association or a similarity measure. Proposes an extended vector processing scheme which extracts additional information from hypertext links to enhance retrieval effectiveness. A hypertext based on 2 medium size collections, the CACM and the CISI collection has been built. The hypergraph is composed of explicit links (bibliographic references), computed links based on bibliographic information, or on hypertext links established according to document representatives (nearest neighbour)
- Source
- Information processing and management. 32(1996) no.2, S.155-170
-
Savoy, J.; Picard, J.: Retrieval effectiveness on the web (2001)
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- Source
- Information processing and management. 37(2001) no.4, S.543-569
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Savoy, J.: Searching information in legal hypertext systems (1993/94)
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- Abstract
- Hypertext may represent a new paradigm capable of exploring legal sources within which links are established according to pertinent relationships found between statute texts and case law. However, to discover relvant information in such a network, a browsing mechanism is not enough when faced with a large column of texts. Describes a new retrieval model where documents are represented according to both their content and relationship with other sources of information
-
Savoy, J.: ¬A stemming procedure and stopword list for general French Corpora (1999)
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- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 50(1999) no.10, S.944-954
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Savoy, J.; Desbois, D.: Information retrieval in hypertext systems (1991)
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- Abstract
- The emphasis in most hypertext systems is on the navigational methods, rather than on the global document retrieval mechanisms. When a search mechanism is provided, it is often restricted to simple string matching or to the Boolean model (as an alternate method). proposes a retrieval mechanism using Bayesian inference networks. The main contribution of this approach is the automatic construction of this network using the expected mutual information measure to build the inference tree, and using Jaccard's formula to define fixed conditional probability relationships
