Search (2990 results, page 150 of 150)

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Date

1. 8.2006 12:22:06

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Date

20. 3.2008 14:22:43

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Content

HARMAN, D.: Relevance feedback revisited; AALBERSBERG, I.J.: Incremental relevance feedback; TAGUE-SUTCLIFFE, J.: Measuring the informativeness of a retrieval process; LEWIS, D.D.: An evaluation of phrasal and clustered representations on a text categorization task; BLOSSEVILLE, M.J., G. HÉBRAIL, M.G. MONTEIL u. N. PÉNOT: Automatic document classification: natural language processing, statistical analysis, and expert system techniques used together; MASAND, B., G. LINOFF u. D. WALTZ: Classifying news stories using memory based reasoning; KEEN, E.M.: Term position ranking: some new test results; CROUCH, C.J. u. B. YANG: Experiments in automatic statistical thesaurus construction; GREFENSTETTE, G.: Use of syntactic context to produce term association lists for text retrieval; ANICK, P.G. u. R.A. FLYNN: Versioning of full-text information retrieval system; BURKOWSKI, F.J.: Retrieval activities in a database consisting of heterogeneous collections; DEERWESTER, S.C., K. WACLENA u. M. LaMAR: A textual object management system; NIE, J.-Y.:Towards a probabilistic modal logic for semantic-based information retrieval; WANG, A.W., S.K.M. WONG u. Y.Y. YAO: An analysis of vector space models based on computational geometry; BARTELL, B.T., G.W. COTTRELL u. R.K. BELEW: Latent semantic indexing is an optimal special case of multidimensional scaling; GLAVITSCH, U. u. P. SCHÄUBLE: A system for retrieving speech documents; MARGULIS, E.L.: N-Poisson document modelling; HESS, M.: An incrementally extensible document retrieval system based on linguistics and logical principles; COOPER, W.S., F.C. GEY u. D.P. DABNEY: Probabilistic retrieval based on staged logistic regression; FUHR, N.: Integration of probabilistic fact and text retrieval; CROFT, B., L.A. SMITH u. H. TURTLE: A loosely-coupled integration of a text retrieval system and an object-oriented database system; DUMAIS, S.T. u. J. NIELSEN: Automating the assignement of submitted manuscripts to reviewers; GOST, M.A. u. M. MASOTTI: Design of an OPAC database to permit different subject searching accesses; ROBERTSON, A.M. u. P. WILLETT: Searching for historical word forms in a database of 17th century English text using spelling correction methods; FAX, E.A., Q.F. CHEN u. L.S. HEATH: A faster algorithm for constructing minimal perfect hash functions; MOFFAT, A. u. J. ZOBEL: Parameterised compression for sparse bitmaps; GRANDI, F., P. TIBERIO u. P. Zezula: Frame-sliced patitioned parallel signature files; ALLEN, B.: Cognitive differences in end user searching of a CD-ROM index; SONNENWALD, D.H.: Developing a theory to guide the process of designing information retrieval systems; CUTTING, D.R., J.O. PEDERSEN, D. KARGER, u. J.W. TUKEY: Scatter/ Gather: a cluster-based approach to browsing large document collections; CHALMERS, M. u. P. CHITSON: Bead: Explorations in information visualization; WILLIAMSON, C. u. B. SHNEIDERMAN: The dynamic HomeFinder: evaluating dynamic queries in a real-estate information exploring system

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Abstract

Some web sites "work" and some don't. Good web site consultants know that you can't just jump in and start writing HTML, the same way you can't build a house by just pouring a foundation and putting up some walls. You need to know who will be using the site, and what they'll be using it for. You need some idea of what you'd like to draw their attention to during their visit. Overall, you need a strong, cohesive vision for the site that makes it both distinctive and usable. Information Architecture for the World Wide Web is about applying the principles of architecture and library science to web site design. Each web site is like a public building, available for tourists and regulars alike to breeze through at their leisure. The job of the architect is to set up the framework for the site to make it comfortable and inviting for people to visit, relax in, and perhaps even return to someday. Most books on web development concentrate either on the aesthetics or the mechanics of the site. This book is about the framework that holds the two together. With this book, you learn how to design web sites and intranets that support growth, management, and ease of use. Special attention is given to: * The process behind architecting a large, complex site * Web site hierarchy design and organization Information Architecture for the World Wide Web is for webmasters, designers, and anyone else involved in building a web site. It's for novice web designers who, from the start, want to avoid the traps that result in poorly designed sites. It's for experienced web designers who have already created sites but realize that something "is missing" from their sites and want to improve them. It's for programmers and administrators who are comfortable with HTML, CGI, and Java but want to understand how to organize their web pages into a cohesive site. The authors are two of the principals of Argus Associates, a web consulting firm. At Argus, they have created information architectures for web sites and intranets of some of the largest companies in the United States, including Chrysler Corporation, Barron's, and Dow Chemical.

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Content

Enthält u.a. die Beiträge: HJERPPE, R.: Go with the flow, or abide by the side, or watch the waves? Challenges of change for knowledge organization; GUENTHER, R.S.: Bringing the Library Of Congress into the computer age: converting LCC to machine-readable form; GOLDBERG, J.: Library of Congress Classification: shelving device for collections or organization of knowledge fields? SHOHAM, S. u. M. YITZHAKI: The impact of cultural and technological changes on titles content and their use in the process of information retrieval; ZENG, L.M.: Towards a unified medical language in a diverse cultural environment; MOLHOLT, P.: Standardization of interconcept links and their usage; GREEN, R.: Development of a relational thesaurus; BEAN, C.: Analysis of non-hierarchical associative relationships among Medical Subject Headings (MeSH): anatomical and related terminology; GARCIA MARCO, J.: Hypertext and indexing languages: common challenges and perspectives; COCHRANE, P.A. u. E.H. JOHNSON: Visual Dewey: DDC in a hypertextual browser for the library user; DRABENSTOTT, K.M.: Classification to the rescue: handling the problems of too many and too few retrievals; SUKIASYAN, E.: Change as a problem of classification system development; McILWAINE, I.C.: New wine in old bottles: problems of maintaining classification schemes; DAVIES, R.: Thesaurus-aided searching in search and retrieval protocols; FRANCU, V.: Building a multilingual thesaurus based on UDC; DAHLBERG, I.: Library catalogs in the Internet: switching for future subject access; SOERGEL, D.: SemWeb: proposal for an open, multifunctional, multilingual system for integrated access to knowledge about concepts and terminology; JACOB, E.K. u. D. SHAW: Is a picture worth a thousand words? Classification and graphic symbol systems; FROST, C.O.: The University of Michigan School of Information Art Image Browser: designing and testing a model for image retrieval; JÖRGENSEN, C.: The applicability of selected classification systems to image attributes; SHREINEMAKERS, J.F. u. J.P.J.M. Essers: Critical notes on the use of knowledge in knowledge management; FOSS, M.M.: Facilitating the interaction of user and public knowledge organization with user profiles, user views, and user education plans; IIVONEN, M.: Selection of search terms as a meeting place of different discourses; VIZINE-GOETZ, D.: Online classification: implications for classifying and document retrieval; HOWARTH, L.: An exploratory study into requirements for an interdisciplinary metathesaurus; OLSON, H.: Dewey thinks therefore he is: the epistemic stance of Dewey and DDC; POLI, R.: Ontology for knowledge organization; PRASAD, A.R.D.: PROMETHEUS: an automatic indexing system; HUDON, M.: Preparing terminological definitions for indexing and retrieval thesauri: a model; WILLIAMSON, N.: Deriving a thesaurus from a restructured UDC; MITCHELL, J.S.: The Dewey Decimal Classification at 120: edition 21 and beyond; NEW, G.R.: Revision and stability in Dewey 21: the life sciences catch up; BEALL, J.: Dewey for Windows; MIKSA, F.: The DDC, the universe of knowledge, and the post-modern library

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Abstract

Defining metadata as "data about data" provokes more questions than it answers. What are the forms of the data and metadata? Can we be more specific about the manner in which the metadata is "about" the data? Are data and metadata distinguished only in the context of their relationship? Is the nature of the relationship between the datasets declarative or procedural? Can the metadata itself be described by other data? Over the past several years, we have been engaged in a number of efforts examining the role, format, composition, and architecture of metadata for networked resources. During this time, we have noticed the tendency to be led astray by comfortable, but somewhat inappropriate, models in the non-digital information environment. Rather than pursuing familiar models, there is the need for a new model that fully exploits the unique combination of computation and connectivity that characterizes the digital library. In this paper, we describe an extension of the Warwick Framework that we call Distributed Active Relationships (DARs). DARs provide a powerful model for representing data and metadata in digital library objects. They explicitly express the relationships between networked resources, and even allow those relationships to be dynamically downloadable and executable. The DAR model is based on the following principles, which our examination of the "data about data" definition has led us to regard as axiomatic: * There is no essential distinction between data and metadata. We can only make such a distinction in terms of a particular "about" relationship. As a result, what is metadata in the context of one "about" relationship may be data in another. * There is no single "about" relationship. There are many different and important relationships between data resources. * Resources can be related without regard for their location. The connectivity in networked information architectures makes it possible to have data in one repository describe data in another repository. * The computational power of the networked information environment makes it possible to consider active or dynamic relationships between data sets. This adds considerable power to the "data about data" definition. First, data about another data set may not physically exist, but may be automatically derived. Second, the "about" relationship may be an executable object -- in a sense interpretable metadata. As will be shown, this provides useful mechanisms for handling complex metadata problems such as rights management of digital objects. The remainder of this paper describes the development and consequences of the DAR model. Section 2 reviews the Warwick Framework, which is the basis for the model described in this paper. Section 3 examines the concept of the Warwick Framework Catalog, which provides a mechanism for expressing the relationships between the packages in a Warwick Framework container. With that background established, section 4 generalizes the Warwick Framework by removing the restriction that it only contains "metadata". This allows us to consider digital library objects that are aggregations of (possibly distributed) data sets, with the relationships between the data sets expressed using a Warwick Framework Catalog. Section 5 further extends the model by describing Distributed Active Relationships (DARs). DARs are the explicit relationships that have the potential to be executable, as alluded to earlier. Finally, section 6 describes two possible implementations of these concepts.

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Abstract

This paper, which will appear in two parts, starting with this issue of D-Lib, looks at several strategic issues surrounding Z39.50. After a relatively brief overview of the function and history of the protocol, I will examine some of the competing visions of the protocol's role, with emphasis on issues of interoperability and the incorporation of semantics. The second installment of the paper will look at questions related to the management of the standard and the standards development process, with emphasis on the scope of the protocol and how that relates back again to interoperability questions. The paper concludes with a discussion of the adoption and deployment of the standard, its relationship to other standards, and some speculations on future directions for the protocol. This paper is not intended to be a tutorial on the details of how current or past versions of Z39.50 work. These technical details are covered not only in the standard itself (which can admittedly be rather difficult reading) but also in an array of tutorial and review papers (see <http://lcweb.loc.gov/z3950/agency> for bibliographies and pointers to on-line information on Z39.50). Instead, the paper's focus is on how and why Z39.50 developed the way it did, and the conceptual debates that have influenced its evolution and use. While a detailed technical knowledge of the operation of Z39.50 is certainly helpful, it should not be necessary in order to follow most of the material here. Some disclaimers are in order. I have been actively involved in the development of Z39.50 since the early 1980s and have been a participant -- and on occasion, even an instigator -- of some of the activities described here. This paper is an attempt to make a critical assessment of the current state of Z39.50 and a review of its development with the full benefit of hindsight. It recounts a number of debates that occurred within the developer community over the past years. In many of these, I advocated specific positions or approaches, sometimes successfully and sometimes unsuccessfully. What is presented here is one person's perspective - mine --, which is sometimes at odds with the current consensus with the developer community; I've tried to represent opposing views fairly, and to differentiate my opinions from fact or consensus. However, others will undoubtedly disagree with many of the comments here.

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Abstract

Information ist in unserer Zeit zu einem sehr wichtigen Gut geworden. Sie ist Grundlage jeglicher seriösen Entscheidungsfindung. Die Informationsflut ist in den letzten Jahren stark angestiegen und auch in absehbarer Zeit wird die Menge der Informationen weiter anwachsen. Daher wird es immer wichtiger, sich ''Information über Information'' zu organisieren. Es ist nicht möglich, über alle Bereiche, mit denen man konfrontiert wird, im letzten Detail informiert zu sein. Notwendig und wichtig ist es aber zu wissen, wo man sich informieren kann. Relevante Informationen müssen möglichst rasch gefunden werden können. Im praktischen, EDV-unterstützten Einsatz findet man zu diesem Zweck Informationssysteme verschiedenster Art. Das Spektrum reicht dabei von Management-Informationssystemen, über Expertensysteme bis zu Datenbanksystemen und Information Retrieval Systemen (IR-Systemen). Obwohl die einzelnen Typen dieser informationsverarbeitenden Systeme für unterschiedliche Anwendergruppen und unterschiedliche Aufgabenarten konzipiert sind, ergeben sich beim Entwurf der Systeme doch sehr ähnlich gelagerte Problemkreise und Fragestellungen. * Die Darstellung und die Organisation von bestehendem Wissen und bekannten Fakten im Informationssystem (Informationserschließung). * Das (Wieder)finden relevanter Informationen aus dem Informationssystem und das Führen des Benutzers durch das Informationssystem. Ein Information Retrieval System beinhaltet unstrukturierte bibliographische oder textuelle Dokumente und unterscheidet sich dadurch wesentlich von Datenbanksystemen, die für gewöhnlich strukturierte Daten enthalten.

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Content

Enthält die Beiträge: SVENONIUS, E.: Classification: prospects, problems, and possibilities; BEALL, J.: Editing the Dewey Decimal Classification online: the evolution of the DDC database; BEGHTOL, C.: Toward a theory of fiction analysis for information storage and retrieval; CRAVEN, T.C.: Concept relation structures and their graphic display; FUGMANN, R.: Illusory goals in information science research; GILCHRIST, A.: UDC: the 1990's and beyond; GREEN, R.: The expression of syntagmatic relationships in indexing: are frame-based index languages the answer?; HUMPHREY, S.M.: Use and management of classification systems for knowledge-based indexing; MIKSA, F.L.: The concept of the universe of knowledge and the purpose of LIS classification; SCOTT, M. u. A.F. FONSECA: Methodology for functional appraisal of records and creation of a functional thesaurus; ALBRECHTSEN, H.: PRESS: a thesaurus-based information system for software reuse; AMAESHI, B.: A preliminary AAT compatible African art thesaurus; CHATTERJEE, A.: Structures of Indian classification systems of the pre-Ranganathan era and their impact on the Colon Classification; COCHRANE, P.A.: Indexing and searching thesauri, the Janus or Proteus of information retrieval; CRAVEN, T.C.: A general versus a special algorithm in the graphic display of thesauri; DAHLBERG, I.: The basis of a new universal classification system seen from a philosophy of science point of view: DRABENSTOTT, K.M., RIESTER, L.C. u. B.A.DEDE: Shelflisting using expert systems; FIDEL, R.: Thesaurus requirements for an intermediary expert system; GREEN, R.: Insights into classification from the cognitive sciences: ramifications for index languages; GROLIER, E. de: Towards a syndetic information retrieval system; GUENTHER, R.: The USMARC format for classification data: development and implementation; HOWARTH, L.C.: Factors influencing policies for the adoption and integration of revisions to classification schedules; HUDON, M.: Term definitions in subject thesauri: the Canadian literacy thesaurus experience; HUSAIN, S.: Notational techniques for the accomodation of subjects in Colon Classification 7th edition: theoretical possibility vis-à-vis practical need; KWASNIK, B.H. u. C. JORGERSEN: The exploration by means of repertory grids of semantic differences among names of official documents; MICCO, M.: Suggestions for automating the Library of Congress Classification schedules; PERREAULT, J.M.: An essay on the prehistory of general categories (II): G.W. Leibniz, Conrad Gesner; REES-POTTER, L.K.: How well do thesauri serve the social sciences?; REVIE, C.W. u. G. SMART: The construction and the use of faceted classification schema in technical domains; ROCKMORE, M.: Structuring a flexible faceted thsaurus record for corporate information retrieval; ROULIN, C.: Sub-thesauri as part of a metathesaurus; SMITH, L.C.: UNISIST revisited: compatibility in the context of collaboratories; STILES, W.G.: Notes concerning the use chain indexing as a possible means of simulating the inductive leap within artificial intelligence; SVENONIUS, E., LIU, S. u. B. SUBRAHMANYAM: Automation in chain indexing; TURNER, J.: Structure in data in the Stockshot database at the National Film Board of Canada; VIZINE-GOETZ, D.: The Dewey Decimal Classification as an online classification tool; WILLIAMSON, N.J.: Restructuring UDC: problems and possibilies; WILSON, A.: The hierarchy of belief: ideological tendentiousness in universal classification; WILSON, B.F.: An evaluation of the systematic botany schedule of the Universal Decimal Classification (English full edition, 1979); ZENG, L.: Research and development of classification and thesauri in China; CONFERENCE SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS

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Content

Enthält die Beiträge: Part I-Foundations of Access to Visual Information Intellectual Access to Images (Hsin-liang Chen and Edie M. Rasmussen) - Image Retrieval as Linguistic and Nonlinguistic Visual Model Matching (P. Bryan Heidorn) - Computer Vision Tools for Finding Images and Video Sequences (D. A. Forsyth) Part II-Implementation and Evaluation Securing Digital Image Assets in Museums and Libraries: A Risk Management Approach (Teresa Grose Beamsley) - Getting the Picture: Observations from the Library of Congress on Providing Access to Pictorial Images (Caroline R. Arms) - Recent Developments in Cultural Heritage Image Databases: Directions for User-Centered Design (Christie Stephenson) - Evaluation of Image Retrieval Systems: Role of User Feedback (Samantha K. Hastings) Part III-Experimental Approaches Information Retrieval Beyond the Text Document (Yong Rui, Michael Ortega, Thomas S. Huang, and Sharad Mehrotra) - Precise and Efficient Retrieval of Captioned Images: The MARIE Project (Neil C. Rowe) - Exploiting Multimodal Context in Image Retrieval (Rohini K. Srihari and Zhongfei Zhang)