Search (207 results, page 1 of 11)

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LCSH

Statistics / Graphic methods

Subject

Statistics / Graphic methods

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Source

http%3A%2F%2Fcogprints.org%2F1380%2F1%2FvdM_correlation.pdf&usg=AOvVaw0g7DvZbQPb2U7dYb49b9v_

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Abstract

Paper presented at the 30th Annual Conference of the National Federation of Astracting and Information Services, Philadelphia, 28 Feb-2 Mar 88. In recent years, the amount and the variety of available machine-readable data, new technologies have been introduced, such as high density storage devices, and fancy graphic displays useful for information transformation and access. New approaches have also been considered for processing the stored data based on the construction of knowledge bases representing the contents and structure of the information, and the use of expert system techniques to control the user-system interactions. Provides a brief evaluation of the new information processing technologies, and of the software methods proposed for information manipulation.

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Abstract

Reviews the literature, published in 1988, covering the cataloguing of audio-visual materials including: computerised files; music and sound recordings; film and video; graphic materials and 3-dimensional objects; maps; and preservation.

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Abstract

Describes the application of the MINISIS text-retrieval software by the Library Building Design Partnership (BDP), the UK's largest multi-discipline building design practice. Notes on 2 related data bases, developed and tested by BDP, te presented; BIBLIO, containing biblio-graphic data; and MAIL, containing names and addresses of relevant organisations.

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Abstract

As an illustration of the general concern about how bibliographic records for graphic materials can be integrated most effectively with records for works in other media, this article presents problems associated with applying existing AACR2 guidelines for choice of entry. Characteristics of original items and historical collections of pictures, the role of corporate bodies in creating such materials, and the degree to which AACR2 provisions for entry under the heading for a corporate body accommodate these features are examined. Recommendations regarding extending AACR2 Rule 21.1B2 and, more generally, regarding the need to examine the meaning and objectives of integrating bibliographic records for various media and actors affecting this process, are made.

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Abstract

The article examines the viability of various methods used by DDC for accommodating the universe of subjects. It also provides some suggestions for efficacious use of these methods

Source

International classification. 14(1987), S.19-22

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Abstract

Reviews the organisation of the work of cataloguing standardisation in France and in standards published or in preparation. French standards follow IFLA reommendations on rules for bibliographic descriptions and headings. Standardisation of formats is less developed; however MARC is gaininig ground as a national exchange format, whilst USMARC is also used by university and public libraries. French policy on cataloguing standards aims both to promote international exchange of biblio-graphic recordswhile respecting national access requirements, and to simplify cataloguing by promoting the use of medium-level bibliographic records.

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Abstract

The library profession and administrators have vastly underestimated the skills needed to catalogue maps and stresses the amount of time and effort thet is required to correct existing cartographic materials must have an adequate working knowledge of acronyms; grids; map projection; the concepts of graphic and numeric scale; principles behind alpha-numerical code systems; and topographic terms and concepts, in English and other languages.

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Abstract

Knowledge to be processed for problem solving purposes can best be adapted to the human brain where it is stored in the form of 'concept configurations', by a representation in the manner of a structural diagram. The method discussed here for the graphic representation of knowledge in thesaurus-like fashion (TGW method) promotes the formation of the 'internal problem representation' by transforming the textually available knowledge into a structural diagram-like form. In such a sructural diagram, the concepts of the statements relevant to the problem are preordered with the aid of 'ordering lines' corresponding to the categories (facets) of the knowledge field concerned. In this way an open, discipline-independent ordering system for the knowledge available for the solution of the problem is established, into which even knowledge from quite different disciplines can be integrated. A sort of 'dialogue' between the graphically represented structural diagram of the knowledge available for problem solution and the knowledge stored in the problem's solver memory leads, as more and more knowledge is acquired, to optimization of the structural diagram and thus also to favorable preconditions for the problem-related activation of knowledge in the problem solver's working memory. These structural diagrams of knowledge can also be used as aids toward more effective interaction between man and computer. A typical multidisciplinary problem is used as an example to illustrate the application possibilities of the TGW method

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Abstract

Menu selection systems reduce training and memorization, simplify entry of choices, and structure the user's task. However, the use of menu selection is no guarantee that novices or experts will be satisfied or able to carry out their work. This article focuses on the multiple design issues in creating successful menu selection systems. These include the primary issue of semantic organization and the host of secondary issues such as response time and display rates, shortcuts for frequent users, titles, phrasing of menu items, graphic layout, and selection mechanisms. Novel approaches such as popup menus and embedded menus are covered. Experimental results and design guidelines are presented

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Abstract

Geographic indexing is usually handled in the same way as other indexing; that is, through the use of controlled vocabulary, often in a hierarchical arrangement from broad region (such as continent) to smaller regions (such as country, county, geologic province, topographic feature, city). But a geographic location can also be described by map reference points (geocoding), such as a set of latitudes and longitudes. This spatial referencing and the use of computer graphic display has many advantages over word-based indexing. Examples of the variation of geographic indexing terminology for on-line bibliographic records are given.

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Abstract

This study examines the interrelationship of the rules on parallel title in AACR2. What emerges from the analysis are two principles that were utilized in the codification of the rules: (1) a principle of interrelationship (i.e. transcribing a data element in its relationship to other data elements); and (2) a principle of structured format (i.e. transcribing a data element in a prescribed order). A graphic representation of the possible combinations and positions of the data elements of descriptions in the title and statement of responsibility area (Area 1) shows that the present rules do not ensure consistency in bibliographic recording.

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Abstract

The human process of determining bibliographic data from title pages of monographs is complex, yet systematic. This paper investigates the intellectual process involved, in conceptual and logical levels, by proposing a model of the expert system for determining title proper as the first element of the first area in ISBD. It assumes that the title page of a monograph consists of more than one block of character or graphic representation. Each block has its physical and content characteristics and can be separated from other blocks by separators. Three categories of expert knowledge are identified, and the system model is discussed along with its individual system component. It applies the "list" concept for the system data structure and addresses the potentiality of this conceptual model.

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Abstract

Describes the history and scope of the Royal Commonwealth Society's photographic collection, the approach to and working methods of cataloguing and indexing it, and the particular problems involved in maintaining a photographic collection, especially those of identification, dating, and conservation

Source

Indexer. 14(1984), S.15-22

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Content

Eine exzellente (und durch die Herausgeber kommentierte) Zusammenstellung und Wiedergabe folgender Originalbeiträge: CUTTER, C.A.: Subjects; DEWEY, M.: Decimal classification and relativ index: introduction; HOPWOOD, H.V.: Dewey expanded; HULME, E.W.: Principles of book classification; KAISER, J.O.: Systematic indexing; MARTEL, C.: Classification: a brief conspectus of present day library practice; BLISS, H.E.: A bibliographic classification: principles and definitions; RANGANATHAN, S.R.: Facet analysis: fundamental categories; PETTEE, J.: The subject approach to books and the development of the dictionary catalog; PETTEE, J.: Fundamental principles of the dictionary catalog; PETTEE, J.: Public libraries and libraries as purveyors of information; HAYKIN, D.J.: Subject headings: fundamental concepts; TAUBE, M.: Functional approach to bibliographic organization: a critique and a proposal; VICKERY, B.C.: Systematic subject indexing; FEIBLEMAN, J.K.: Theory of integrative levels; GARFIELD, E.: Citation indexes for science; CRG: The need for a faceted classification as the basis of all methods of information retrieval; LUHN, H.P.: Keyword-in-context index for technical literature; COATES, E.J.: Significance and term relationship in compound headings; FARRADANE, J.E.L.: Fundamental fallacies and new needs in classification; FOSKETT, D.J.: Classification and integrative levels; CLEVERDON, C.W. u. J. MILLS: The testing of index language devices; MOOERS, C.N.: The indexing language of an information retrieval system; NEEDHAM, R.M. u. K. SPARCK JONES: Keywords and clumps; ROLLING, L.: The role of graphic display of concept relationships in indexing and retrieval vocabularies; BORKO, H.: Research in computer based classification systems; WILSON, P.: Subjects and the sense of position; LANCASTER, F.W.: Evaluating the performance of a large computerized information system; SALTON, G.: Automatic processing of foreign language documents; FAIRTHORNE, R.A.: Temporal structure in bibliographic classification; AUSTIN, D. u. J.A. DIGGER: PRECIS: The Preserved Context Index System; FUGMANN, R.: The complementarity of natural and indexing languages

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Abstract

In subject cataloging of audiovisual materials generic terms like 'documentary' or 'absolute film' facilitate the work of users and librarians. On the concrete level the study shows 4 ways to make a list of generic terms for the application in general libraries. The heuristic function of the study is to offer methods towards the solution of problems in the field of subject cataloguing of non-book materials. (1) The formal subject heading in library science corresponds to generic terms; Anglo-American and German rules for subject cataloging, however, provide no list that is directly applicable. (2) The terminology of institutions administering many audiovisual documents has been examined; general libraries have to find a common denominator with medium depth of classification and balanced representation of fiction and nonfiction terms. (3) From encyclopedic definitions of generic terms 8 dimensions have been extracted characterizing the terms in question individually. (4) The contribution of communication science has been discussed explaining a research project

Source

Inspel. 22(1988), S.121-145