-
Marradi, A.: ¬The concept of concept : concepts and terms (2012)
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- Abstract
- The concept of concept has seldom been examined in its entirety, and the term very seldom defined. The rigidity, or lack thereof, and the homogeneity, or lack thereof, of concepts, are only two of their characteristics that have been debated. These issues are reviewed in this paper, namely: 1) does a concept represent its referent(s), or is it a free creation of the mind?; 2) can a concept be analyzed in parts or elements?; 3) must a concept be general, i.e., refer to a category or a type, or can it refer to a single object, physical or mental?; 4) are concepts as clearly delimited as terms are? Are concepts voiceless terms?; and, 5) what do terms contribute to an individual's and a community's conceptual richness? As regards the relationship of concepts with their referents in the stage of formation, it seems reasonable to conclude that said relationship may be close in some concepts, less close in others, and lacking altogether in some cases. The set of elements of a concept, which varies from individual to individual and across time inside the same individual, is called the intension of a concept. The set of referents of a concept is called the extension of that concept. Most concepts don't have a clearly delimited extension: their referents form a fuzzy set. The aspects of a concept's intension form a scale of generality. A concept is not equal to the term that describes it; rather, many terms are joined to concepts. Language, therefore, renders a gamut of services to the development, consolidation, and communication of conceptual richness.
- Date
- 22. 1.2012 13:11:25
- Source
- Knowledge organization. 39(2012) no.1, S.29-54
-
Bronowski, J.; Bellugi, U.: Language, name, and concept (1970)
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-
Jouis, C.: Logic of relationships (2002)
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- Abstract
- A main goal of recent studies in semantics is to integrate into conceptual structures the models of representation used in linguistics, logic, and/or artificial intelligence. A fundamental problem resides in the need to structure knowledge and then to check the validity of constructed representations. We propose associating logical properties with relationships by introducing the relationships into a typed and functional system of specifcations. This makes it possible to compare conceptual representations against the relationships established between the concepts. The mandatory condition to validate such a conceptual representation is consistency. The semantic system proposed is based an a structured set of semantic primitives-types, relations, and properties-based an a global model of language processing, Applicative and Cognitive Grammar (ACG) (Desc16s, 1990), and an extension of this model to terminology (Jouis & Mustafa 1995, 1996, 1997). The ACG postulates three levels of representation of languages, including a cognitive level. At this level, the meanings of lexical predicates are represented by semantic cognitive schemes. From this perspective, we propose a set of semantic concepts, which defines an organized system of meanings. Relations are part of a specification network based an a general terminological scheure (i.e., a coherent system of meanings of relations). In such a system, a specific relation may be characterized as to its: (1) functional type (the semantic type of arguments of the relation); (2) algebraic properties (reflexivity, symmetry, transitivity, etc.); and (3) combinatorial relations with other entities in the same context (for instance, the part of the text where a concept is defined).
- Date
- 1.12.2002 11:12:22
-
Bolinger, D.: ¬The atomization of meaning (1965)
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- Source
- Language. 41(1965), S.555-573
-
Chomsky, N.: Logical structure in language (1957)
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-
Barona, J.L.: Sciences, language and social interaction : towards a theory of the term (1999)
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-
Kurdyumov, V.A.: Lokalizatsiya denotata i signifikata v trekhmernoi modeli yazyka (1998)
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- Abstract
- The multidimensional language model, as describes in a previous paper (1998, no.2), makes it possible to define a number of concepts, including denotation and signification. Shows that the 'classical semantic triangle', which is commonly used to express denotation and signification, does not contradict the principles of the model. Concludes that the multidimensional language model is a truly universal tool reflecting accurately both semantics and syntax
- Footnote
- Übers. des Titels: Localisation of denotation and sifnification in a three dimensional language model
-
Kurdyumov, V.A.: ¬O mnogomernoi dinamicheskoi modeli yazyka : kratkoe izlozhenie osnov obshchei teorii predikatsii (1998)
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- Abstract
- Considers language to be a multidimensional object and presents a dynamic model of language, employing a predication chain. The model, in addition to its theoretical value, has several practical uses, including text condensation
- Footnote
- Übers. des Titels: A multidimensional dynamic model of language: a brief explanation of the fundamentals of the theory of predication
-
Cabré, M.T.: Do we need an autonomous theory of terms? (1999)
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- Date
- 5. 8.2001 13:29:43
-
Priß, U.: ¬The formalization of WordNet by methods of relational concept analysis (1998)
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- Source
- WordNet: an electronic lexical database (language, speech and communication). Ed.: C. Fellbaum
-
Atran, S.: Basic conceptual domains (1989)
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- Source
- Mind and language. 4(1989) no.1/2, S.7-16
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Kageura, K.: Theories of terminology : a quest for a framework for the study of term formation (1999)
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- Date
- 5. 8.2001 13:29:54
-
Dahlberg, I.: ¬Die gegenstandsbezogene, analytische Begriffstheorie und ihre Definitionsarten (1987)
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- Pages
- S.9-22
-
Grandt, J.: Vom Gebrauch der Worte (2017)
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- Date
- 28. 2.2017 13:29:03
-
Wüster, E.: Begriffs- und Themaklassifikation : Unterschiede in ihrem Wesen und in ihrer Anwendung (1971)
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- Source
- Nachrichten für Dokumentation. 22(1971) H.3, S.98-104 (T.1); H.4, S.143-150 (T.2)
-
Khoo, C.; Myaeng, S.H.: Identifying semantic relations in text for information retrieval and information extraction (2002)
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- Abstract
- Automatic identification of semantic relations in text is a difficult problem, but is important for many applications. It has been used for relation matching in information retrieval to retrieve documents that contain not only the concepts but also the relations between concepts specified in the user's query. It is an integral part of information extraction-extracting from natural language text, facts or pieces of information related to a particular event or topic. Other potential applications are in the construction of relational thesauri (semantic networks of related concepts) and other kinds of knowledge bases, and in natural language processing applications such as machine translation and computer comprehension of text. This chapter examines the main methods used for identifying semantic relations automatically and their application in information retrieval and information extraction.
-
Conceptual structures : theory, tools and applications. 6th International Conference on Conceptual Structures, ICCS'98, Montpellier, France, August, 10-12, 1998, Proceedings (1998)
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- Abstract
- This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Conceptual Structures, ICCS'98, held in Montpellier, France, in August 1998. The 20 revised full papers and 10 research reports presented were carefully selected from a total of 66 submissions; also included are three invited contributions. The volume is divided in topical sections on knowledge representation and knowledge engineering, tools, conceptual graphs and other models, relationships with logics, algorithms and complexity, natural language processing, and applications.
-
Harras, G.: Concepts in linguistics : concepts in natural language (2000)
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-
Working with conceptual structures : contributions to ICCS 2000. 8th International Conference on Conceptual Structures: Logical, Linguistic, and Computational Issues. Darmstadt, August 14-18, 2000 (2000)
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- Content
- Concepts & Language: Knowledge organization by procedures of natural language processing. A case study using the method GABEK (J. Zelger, J. Gadner) - Computer aided narrative analysis using conceptual graphs (H. Schärfe, P. 0hrstrom) - Pragmatic representation of argumentative text: a challenge for the conceptual graph approach (H. Irandoust, B. Moulin) - Conceptual graphs as a knowledge representation core in a complex language learning environment (G. Angelova, A. Nenkova, S. Boycheva, T. Nikolov) - Conceptual Modeling and Ontologies: Relationships and actions in conceptual categories (Ch. Landauer, K.L. Bellman) - Concept approximations for formal concept analysis (J. Saquer, J.S. Deogun) - Faceted information representation (U. Priß) - Simple concept graphs with universal quantifiers (J. Tappe) - A framework for comparing methods for using or reusing multiple ontologies in an application (J. van ZyI, D. Corbett) - Designing task/method knowledge-based systems with conceptual graphs (M. Leclère, F.Trichet, Ch. Choquet) - A logical ontology (J. Farkas, J. Sarbo) - Algorithms and Tools: Fast concept analysis (Ch. Lindig) - A framework for conceptual graph unification (D. Corbett) - Visual CP representation of knowledge (H.D. Pfeiffer, R.T. Hartley) - Maximal isojoin for representing software textual specifications and detecting semantic anomalies (Th. Charnois) - Troika: using grids, lattices and graphs in knowledge acquisition (H.S. Delugach, B.E. Lampkin) - Open world theorem prover for conceptual graphs (J.E. Heaton, P. Kocura) - NetCare: a practical conceptual graphs software tool (S. Polovina, D. Strang) - CGWorld - a web based workbench for conceptual graphs management and applications (P. Dobrev, K. Toutanova) - Position papers: The edition project: Peirce's existential graphs (R. Mülller) - Mining association rules using formal concept analysis (N. Pasquier) - Contextual logic summary (R Wille) - Information channels and conceptual scaling (K.E. Wolff) - Spatial concepts - a rule exploration (S. Rudolph) - The TEXT-TO-ONTO learning environment (A. Mädche, St. Staab) - Controlling the semantics of metadata on audio-visual documents using ontologies (Th. Dechilly, B. Bachimont) - Building the ontological foundations of a terminology from natural language to conceptual graphs with Ribosome, a knowledge extraction system (Ch. Jacquelinet, A. Burgun) - CharGer: some lessons learned and new directions (H.S. Delugach) - Knowledge management using conceptual graphs (W.K. Pun)
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Hetzler, B.: Visual analysis and exploration of relationships (2002)
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- Abstract
- Relationships can provide a rich and powerful set of information and can be used to accomplish application goals, such as information retrieval and natural language processing. A growing trend in the information science community is the use of information visualization-taking advantage of people's natural visual capabilities to perceive and understand complex information. This chapter explores how visualization and visual exploration can help users gain insight from known relationships and discover evidence of new relationships not previously anticipated.
