-
Salminen, A.: Markup languages (2009)
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- Abstract
- Current global communication of people and software applications over the Internet is facilitated by the use of markup languages. This entry introduces the principles and different types of markup, and the history behind the current markup languages. The basis of the modern markup languages is the Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML) or its restricted form Extensible Markup Language (XML). This entry describes the markup techniques used in SGML and XML, gives examples of their use, and briefly describes some representative SGML and XML applications from different domains. An important factor in the success of XML has been the possibility to reuse markup vocabularies and combine vocabularies originating from different sources. This entry describes the concepts and methods facilitating the reuse of names from earlier defined vocabularies.
-
Yott, P.: Introduction to XML (2005)
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- Abstract
- This chapter begins with a brief history of markup technologies and an examination of two of the most commonly encountered markup languages: HTML and XML. We will investigate the basic structural components of an XML document and examine the rules for creating "well-formed" documents. The concept of data modeling and document "validity" will be demonstrated using a simple DTD (Document Type Definition), and several markup examples will follow. The notions of XML as a data interchange system and XSLT as a transformation and display language will be examined.
- Date
- 29. 9.2008 19:09:55
-
as: XML: Extensible Markup Language : I: Was ist XML? (2001)
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- Date
- 30. 3.2003 11:06:22
-
Mintert, S.; Wilde, E.; Behme, H.: Auszeichnend : Editoren für Extensible Markup Language (2002)
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-
Behme, H.: Angelpunkt : Wo die Extensible Markup Language derzeit steht (2001)
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-
Clarke, K.S.: Extensible Markup Language (XML) (2009)
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- Abstract
- XML, the Extensible Markup Language is a syntax for tagging, or marking-up, textual information. It is a standard, established by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) that many use when sharing or working with structured information. XML isn't used by itself, but as a tool to create other data-specific markup languages. One benefit to using XML is that it enables these languages to distinguish the content that is being marked up from its presentation, allowing for greater flexibility and data reuse. The library community has embraced XML and uses it as the foundation for many of their own data-specific markup languages. Perhaps the greatest strength of XML is that it is very easy to start working with and yet, in conjunction with many other XML-related standards and technologies, can also be used to develop complex applications.
-
Seadle, M.: ¬A love affair with markup (2001)
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- Abstract
- It was not love at first sight when I met my first markup language sometime in the 1980s. But XML is different. It has a rich and flexible tag-set that lets it function as a database. It is also starting to have tools that allow Web-based display with standard browsers. Describing XML is not easy, but four aspects seem particularly important: separation of data; tool development; standards; and preservation.
-
Cui, H.; Heidorn, P.B.: ¬The reusability of induced knowledge for the automatic semantic markup of taxonomic descriptions (2007)
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- Abstract
- To automatically convert legacy data of taxonomic descriptions into extensible markup language (XML) format, the authors designed a machine-learning-based approach. In this project three corpora of taxonomic descriptions were selected to prove the hypothesis that domain knowledge and conventions automatically induced from some semistructured corpora (i.e., base corpora) are useful to improve the markup performance of other less-structured, quite different corpora (i.e., evaluation corpora). The "structuredness" of the three corpora was carefully measured. Basing on the structuredness measures, two of the corpora were used as the base corpora and one as the evaluation corpus. Three series of experiments were carried out with the MARTT (markuper of taxonomic treatments) system the authors developed to evaluate the effectiveness of different methods of using the n-gram semantic class association rules, the element relative position probabilities, and a combination of the two types of knowledge mined from the automatically marked-up base corpora. The experimental results showed that the induced knowledge from the base corpora was more reliable than that learned from the training examples alone, and that the n-gram semantic class association rules were effective in improving the markup performance, especially on the elements with sparse training examples. The authors also identify a number of challenges for any automatic markup system using taxonomic descriptions.
-
XFML Core - eXchangeable Faceted Metadata Language (2003)
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- Abstract
- The specification for XFML, a markup language designed to handle faceted classifications. Browsing the site (http://www.xfml.org/) will reveal news about XFML and links to related software and web sites. XFML is not an officially recognized Internet standard, but is the de facto standard.
-
Miller, D.R.; Clarke, K.S.: Putting XML to work in the library : tools for improving access and management (2004)
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- Abstract
- The authors, hoping to stimulate interest in XML (Extensible Markup Language) and explain its value to the library community, offer a fine introduction to the topic. The opening chapter defines XML as "a system for electronically tagging or marking up documents in order to label, organize, and categorize their content" and then goes on to describe its origins and fundamental building blocks. Subsequent chapters address related technologies, schema development, XML-based tools, and current and future library uses. The authors argue persuasively for increased XML use, emphasizing its advantages over HTML in flexibility, interoperability, extensibility, and internationalization. Information is detailed, deftly written, and supported by numerous examples. Readers without a technological bent may find the text daunting, but their perseverance will be richly rewarded. Particularly recommended for webmasters and those working in library information systems and technical services.
- LCSH
- XML (Document markup language)
- Subject
- XML (Document markup language)
-
Münnich, K.; Reichelt, D.: XML-Helfer : Acht XML-Werkzeuge im Vergleich (2003)
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- Abstract
- Die Extensible Markup Language (XML) eignet sich ideal für die plattformübergreifende Verarbeitung von Daten. Internet Pro prüft, welche kommerziellen XML-Editoren Entwickler am besten unterstützen. Vergleich mit der Freeware Peter's XML Editor
- Date
- 25.10.2003 18:22:41
-
Wusteman, J.: Document Type Definition (DTD) (2009)
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- Abstract
- Document Type Definitions (DTDs) are schemas that describe the structure and, to a limited extent, the content of Extensible Markup Language (XML) and Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML) documents. At its inception, the XML standard inherited the DTD from SGML as its only schema language. Many alternative schema languages have subsequently been developed for XML. But the DTD is still alive and actively used to define narrative-based document types. This entry describes the basic syntax of the DTD and compares it to its two main rivals: W3C XML Schema and RELAX NG.
-
Zschau, O.: ¬Eine Sprache für alle Fälle (2000)
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- Abstract
- Die Extensible Markup Language setzt sich als universelles Format zur Verarbeitung und zum Austausch von Daten immer mehr durch. SBO beschreibt die Grundlagen und stellt Anwendungen vor, die XML bereits unterstützen
-
hps: Software-Esperanto : XML ersetzt proprietäre Datenformate (2002)
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- Abstract
- Die Extensible Markup Language (XML) erhebt den Anspruch, beliebigen Programmen beim Datenaustausch zu helfen. XML-Dokumente eignen sich für Videosequenzen, Terminkalender und besonders für E-Business-Anwendungen. Doch nicht zuletzt die Neuerungen beu StarOffice 6 und bei Webbrowsern zeigen, dass XML auch für Endanwender interessant wird
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Schüler, P.: Daten in Klarsichtfolie : XML macht Dokument-Strukturen transparent (2002)
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- Abstract
- Das Web hat's vorgemacht: Informationsangebote der unterschiedlichsten Server lassen sich von überall mit einem ganz normalen Browser bedienen. Doch schon beim Versuch, Webseiten-Auszüge, etwa Tabellen, auch als solche in Word zu übernehmen, ist Handarbeit angesagt. Erst die Extensible Markup Language (XML) verspricht die Gräben zwischen verschiedenen Dateiformaten zuzuschütten
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Warwick, C.; Pritchard, E.: 'Hyped' text markup language : XML and the future of web markup (2000)
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- Abstract
- There is a widespread perception that, in terms of web-technology, XML is going to be the 'next big thing'. Given the amount of comment that it has generated, it seems to be on its way to achieving that status. But how much of the praise should be taken at face value, and how much of the hype is credible? In the following article we examine some of the claims made about the importance of XML and consider how far the enthusiasm about it can be justified. Will XML cause a revolution that will change the way that everyone uses the Internet, whether as searchers or data creators? Or is it a tool for certain types of e-commerce and large-scale markup, which may not have a significant impact on the majority of web users?
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Aliprand, J.M.: Unicode standard (2009)
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- Abstract
- The Unicode Standard is the single, universal character standard for all text, covering all of the world's writing systems, modern and ancient, as well as other elements of text such as technical symbols. Unicode provides the basis for the processing, storage, and interchange of textual data worldwide; it is fundamental to modern software and information technology protocols, and provides the character infrastructure of the World Wide Web. Unicode underlies modern systems and software products for libraries. Use of Unicode is explicitly included in the specifications for MARC 21 and UNIMARC records, and Z39.50 information retrieval, and is implicit in library standards and protocols based on Extensible Markup Language (XML) or Hypertext Markup Language (HTML).
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Shah, U.; Finin, T.; Joshi, A.; Cost, R.S.; Mayfield, J.: Information retrieval on the Semantic Web (2002)
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- Abstract
- We describe an apporach to retrieval of documents that consist of both free text and semantically enriched markup. In particular, we present the design and implementation prototype of a framework in which both documents and queries can be marked up with statements in the DAML+OIL semantic web language. These statement provide both structured and semi-structured information about the documents and their content. We claim that indexing text and semantic markup will significantly improve retrieval performance. Outr approach allows inferencing to be done over this information at several points: when a document is indexed,when a query is processed and when query results are evaluated.
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Learning XML : [creating self describing data] (2001)
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- Abstract
- Although Learning XML covers XML with a broad brush, it nevertheless presents the key elements of the technology with enough detail to familiarise the reader with the crucial markup language. This guide is brief enough to tackle in a weekend. Author Erik T Ray begins with an excellent summary of XML's history as an outgrowth of SGML and HTML. He outlines very clearly the elements of markup, demystifying concepts such as attributes, entities and namespaces with numerous clear examples. To illustrate a real-world XML application, he gives the reader a look at a document written in DocBook--a publicly available XML document type for publishing technical writings--and explains the sections of the document step by step. A simplified version of DocBook is used later in the book to illustrate transformation--a powerful benefit of XML. The all-important Document Type Definition (DTD) is covered in depth, but the still-unofficial alternative--XML Schema--is only briefly addressed. The author makes liberal use of graphical illustrations, tables and code to demonstrate concepts along the way, keeping the reader engaged and on track. Ray also gets into a deep discussion of programming XML utilities with Perl. Learning XML is a highly readable introduction to XML for readers with existing knowledge of markup and Web technologies, and it meets its goals very well--to deliver a broad perspective of XML and its potential.
- LCSH
- XML (Document markup language)
- Subject
- XML (Document markup language)
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Gilmour, R.: Serving XML : practical techniques for the dissemination of structured electronic information (2001)
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- Abstract
- The self-describing nature of data marked up using extensible markup language (XML) allows the XML document itself to act in a manner similar to a database, but without the large file sizes and proprietary software generally associated with database applications. XML data can be made directly available to users using a variety of methods. This paper explores methods for both server-side and client-side processing and display of XML-encoded data, using an annotated bibliography as an example.
