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Abstract

The recent transformation of separate economic classification schemes in Canada, Mexico, and the United States into a single North American system makes it possible to collect and organize data across these nations' boundaries. In reconstructing the development of the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) as it coincided with the creation of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), we foreground the fundamental roles of economic theory and political context. Although it remains to be seen how effective NAICS will be as a component of an information infrastructure designed to support a new regime of production and consumption, it is clear that the system makes possible the transnational data collection and analysis that will shape future understanding of the NAFTA-generated space of economic activity. 1. Background of NAICS In the past decade, the United States govemment transformed its industrial classification scheme for the organization of economic data from a purely national to a supranational endeavor involving Canada and Mexico. The change coincided with the three countries' signing of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) and reflected their interest in facilitating the integration of businessrelated knowledge across national boundaries in the new NAFTA-generated spaces of production. The result is the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS), which divides the economy into twenty broad "Sectors" designated by two-digit class numbers and then into finer distinctions down to the five-digit level for transnational comparability and down to the six-digit level for country-specific data. NAICS replaces the U.S. Standard Industrial Classification (SIC), Canada's Standard Industrial Classification, and Mexico's Clasificación Mexicana de Actividades y Productos.

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Abstract

Malone and Elichirigoity review the concept of "information" as it exists in the 1997 implemented North American Industry Classification System (NAICS), the current scheme for the organization of governmental data about the economies of the U.S., Canada, and Mexico. The term represents one of 20 major economic sectors based upon processes of production and upon which data may be reported. It also represents a measurable commodity based upon the concept of copyright. A review of the background studies and reports which document the development of NAICS shows the desire for a single underlying principle, similarity of production processes rather than a marketing approach, and the construction of the information sector within the context of globalization and the internet. The three nations agreed in 1996 that the information sector should consist of industries engaged in the "transformation of information into a commodity that is produced, manipulated and distributed...," or as the NAICS manual states, industries that "primarily create and disseminate a product subject to copyright." However, industries that transfer or transport such products are also included which seems inconsistent with the production principle. In 2002 the category was modified to separate internet publishing and broadcasting from these subcategories and to create an internet services category.