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  • × author_ss:"Chan, L.M."
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  1. Yi, K.; Chan, L.M.: Revisiting the syntactical and structural analysis of Library of Congress Subject Headings for the digital environment (2010) 0.07
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    Abstract
    With the current information environment characterized by the proliferation of digital resources, including collaboratively created and shared resources, Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH) is facing the challenges of effective and efficient subject-based organization and retrieval of digital resources. To explore the feasibility of utilizing LCSH in a digital environment, we might need to revisit its basic characteristics. The objectives of our study were to analyze LCSH in both syntactic and relational structures, to discover the structural characteristics of LCSH, and to identify problems and issues for the feasibility of LCSH as an effective subject access tool. This study reports and discusses issues raised by the syntactic and hierarchical structures of LCSH that present challenges to its use in a networked environment. Given the results of this study, we recommend a number of provisional future directions for the development of LCSH towards further becoming a viable system for digital and networked resources.
  2. O'Neill, E.T.; Chan, L.M.: FAST - a new approach to controlled subject access (2008) 0.06
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    Abstract
    Recent trends, driven to a large extent by the rapid proliferation of digital resources, are forcing changes in bibliographic control to make it easier to use, understand, and apply subject data. Subject headings are no exception. The enormous volume and rapid growth of digital libraries and repositories and the emergence of numerous metadata schemes have spurred a reexamination of the way subject data are to be provided for such resources efficiently and effectively. To address this need, OCLC in cooperation with the Library of Congress, has taken a new approach, called FAST (Faceted Application of Subject Terminology). FAST headings are based on the existing vocabulary in Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH), but are applied with a simpler syntax than required by Library of Congress application policies. Adapting the LCSH vocabulary in a simplified faceted syntax retains the rich vocabulary of LCSH while making it easier to understand, control, apply, and use.
  3. Zeng, M.L.; Chan, L.M.: Semantic interoperability (2009) 0.05
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    Content
    Digital unter: http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/E-ELIS3-120043711. Vgl.: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/book/10.1081/E-ELIS3.
    Source
    Encyclopedia of library and information sciences. 3rd ed. Ed.: M.J. Bates
  4. Hodges, T.L.; Chan, L.M.: Subject cataloging principles and systems (2009) 0.05
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    Abstract
    After an introduction that addresses the means people use to search for information, this entry articulates the principles underlying various subject access options, including both controlled vocabulary systems and classification. It begins with a brief history of subject access provisions, including an account of the impact of automation, and goes on to discuss in some detail the principles underlying American library practice in respect to subject access. It then, briefly, describes selected subject-access schemes (including both subject heading lists and classification systems) in terms of how they reflect the principles presented, and how well they fulfill their stated functions.
    Content
    Digital unter: http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/E-ELIS3-120043713. Vgl.: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/book/10.1081/E-ELIS3.
    Source
    Encyclopedia of library and information sciences. 3rd ed. Ed.: M.J. Bates
  5. Chan, L.M.; Zeng, M.L.: Metadata interoperability and standardization - a study of methodology, part I : achieving interoperability at the schema level (2006) 0.04
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    Abstract
    The rapid growth of Internet resources and digital collections has been accompanied by a proliferation of metadata schemas, each of which has been designed based on the requirements of particular user communities, intended users, types of materials, subject domains, project needs, etc. Problems arise when building large digital libraries or repositories with metadata records that were prepared according to diverse schemas. This article (published in two parts) contains an analysis of the methods that have been used to achieve or improve interoperability among metadata schemas and applications, for the purposes of facilitating conversion and exchange of metadata and enabling cross-domain metadata harvesting and federated searches. From a methodological point of view, implementing interoperability may be considered at different levels of operation: schema level, record level, and repository level. Part I of the article intends to explain possible situations in which metadata schemas may be created or implemented, whether in individual projects or in integrated repositories. It also discusses approaches used at the schema level. Part II of the article will discuss metadata interoperability efforts at the record and repository levels.
  6. Chan, L.M.; Childress, E.; Dean, R.; O'Neill, E.T.; Vizine-Goetz, D.: ¬A faceted approach to subject data in the Dublin Core metadata record (2001) 0.04
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    Abstract
    This article describes FAST, the Faceted Application of Subject Terminology, a project at OCLC to make Library of Congress Subject Headings easier to use in Dublin Core metadata by breaking out facets of space, time, and form. Work on FAST can be watched at its web site, http://www.miskatonic.org/library/, which has recent presentations and reports. It is interesting to see facets and Dublin Core combined, though both LCSH and FAST subject headings are beyond what most people making a small faceted classification would want or need.
  7. Chan, L.M.; Hodges, T.: Entering the millennium : a new century for LCSH (2000) 0.03
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    Abstract
    Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH), a system originally designed as a tool for subject access to the Library's own collection in the late nineteenth century, has become, in the course of the last century, the main subject retrieval tool in library catalogs throughout the United States and in many other countries. It is one of the largest non-specialized controlled vocabularies in the world. As LCSH enters a new century, it faces an information environment that has undergone vast changes from what had prevailed when LCSH began, or, indeed, from its state in the early days of the online age. In order to continue its mission and to be useful in spheres outside library catalogs as well, LCSH must adapt to the multifarious environment. One possible approach is to adopt a series of scalable and flexible syntax and application rules to meet the needs of different user communities
    Date
    27. 5.2001 16:22:21
    Source
    The LCSH century: one hundred years with the Library of Congress Subject Headings system. Ed.: A.T.Stone
  8. O'Neill, E.T.; Chan, L.M.; Childress, E.; Dean, R.; El-Hoshy, L.M.; Vizine-Goetz, D.: Form subdivisions : their identification and use in LCSH (2001) 0.03
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    Abstract
    Form subdivisions have always been an important part of the Library of Congress Subject Headings. However, when the MARC format was developed, no separate subfield code to identify form subdivisions was defined. Form and topical subdivisions were both included within a general subdivision category. In 1995, the USMARC Advisory Group approved a proposal defining subfield v for form subdivisions, and in 1999 the Library of Congress (LC) began identifying form subdivisions with the new code. However, there are millions of older bibliographic records lacking the explicit form subdivision coding. Identifying form subdivisions retrospectively is not a simple task. An algorithmic method was developed to identify form subdivisions coded as general subdivisions. The algorithm was used to identify 2,563 unique form subdivisions or combinations of form subdivisions in OCLC's WorldCat. The algorithm proved to be highly accurate with an error rate estimated to be less than 0.1%. The observed usage of the form subdivisions was highly skewed with the 100 most used form subdivisions or combinations of subdivisions accounting for 90% of the assignments.
    Date
    10. 9.2000 17:38:22
    Source
    Library resources and technical services. 45(2001) no.4, S.187-197
  9. Chan, L.M.; Hodges, T.L.: Library of Congress Classification (LCC) (2009) 0.03
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    Abstract
    The Library of Congress Classification (LCC), originally designed for classifying the Library's own collection, is now used in a wide range of libraries, both in the United States and abroad. This entry recounts its history and development from its genesis to the present time, leading up to an explanation of LCC structure, tables, and notation. It then considers the system's potential for wider application in the online age, through speculation on using LCC as a tool for (a) partitioning large files; (b) generating domain-specific taxonomies; and (c) integrating classification and controlled subject terms for improved retrieval in the online public access catalog (OPAC) and the Internet. Finally, analyzing both its strong and relatively weak features, it addresses the question of whether in its current state LCC is in all respects ready for playing such roles
    Date
    27. 8.2011 14:22:42
    Source
    Encyclopedia of library and information sciences. 3rd ed. Ed.: M.J. Bates
  10. Chan, L.M.: Dewey 18: another step in an evolutionary step (1972) 0.02
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    Source
    Library resources and technical services. 16(1972), S.293-
  11. Chan, L.M.: ¬The period subdivision in subject headings (1972) 0.02
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    Source
    Library resources and technical services. 16(1972), S.454-457
  12. Chan, L.M.: Functions of a subject authority file (1991) 0.01
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    Imprint
    Chicago : American Library Association
    Series
    ALCTS papers on library technical services and collections; no.1
  13. Chan, L.M.: 'American poetry' but 'Satire, American' : the direct and inverted forms of subject headings containing national adjectives (1973) 0.01
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    Source
    Library resources and technical services. 17(1973), S.330-339
  14. Chan, L.M.: Library of Congress Classification as an online retrieval tool : potentials and limitations (1986) 0.01
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  15. Chan, L.M.; Hodges, T.L.: ¬The Library of Congress Classification (2000) 0.01
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  16. Chan, L.M.; Hodges, T.: Subject cataloguing and classification : the late 1980s and beyond (1990) 0.01
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    Abstract
    The chapter deals with methods of subject cataloguing, subject analysis and representation of library materials and outlines the practice of subject searching in library catalogs after the introduction of online catalogs. The vocabulary control methods in the Library of Congress Classification and LCSH are described and strategies for the use of theses systems in online retrieval situations are outlined
  17. Chan, L.M.: ¬The Library of Congress Classification System in an online environment (1990) 0.01
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    Abstract
    Advantages and disadvantages of on-line classification access are presented with special attention to Library of Congress Classification (LCC) features for subject browsing, known item-searching, enhancement of keyword and controlled vocabulary searching, and other unique retrieval capabilities.
    Footnote
    Paper presented at the 2nd Annette Lewis Phinazee Symposium on Classification as an enhancement of intellectual access to information in an online environment, held at the School of Library and Information Sciences, North Carolina Central University, Durham, North Carolina.
  18. Chan, L.M.: Library of Congress Classification : alternative provisions (1995) 0.01
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    Abstract
    The Library of Congress Classification (LCC), being a system originally and specifically designed for the Library's own collection, generally eschews alternatives. Within the LCC schedules, alternatives are found occasionally in earlier editions; there are no alternative numbers in recently developed or revised schedules. On the other hand, many alternative numbers representing different treatment of specific types of materials such as bibliographies and monographic series are provided in LC MARC records. Such numbers may be used by other libraries that prefer the alternative treatment. In addition, many LC MARC records also include class or call numbers based on other classification schemes, including the Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC), the National Library of Medicine Classification (NLM), and the Superintendent of Documents Classification. The alternative class numbers assigned from other classification systems are provided as services to libraries not using the Library of Congress Classification.
  19. Chan, L.M.: Library of Congress class numbers in online catalog searching (1989) 0.01
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    Abstract
    In addition to using title keywords and subject headings for searching in the online catalog, the searcher may also use class numbers as access points. Library of Congress class or call numbers are particular effective in certain kinds of specific-item subject searching and serve as supplements to keywords and descriptors, improving precision and recall. Class number searching in the database can produce unique results because these numbers collect citations in ways that differ from those of keywords and descriptors
  20. Chan, L.M.: Alphabetical arrangement and subject collocation in Library of Congress Subject Headings (1977) 0.01
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    Source
    Library resources and technical services. 21(1977), S.156-169