Search (25 results, page 1 of 2)

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Abstract

Book dedications by authors, often in verse form and appearing just before the title page, are one of the 6 elements describes by the French scholar Genette as paratextual. For some reasons dedications have failed to interest librarians, yet books containing them can be a valid object of bibliographic study, for the reasons that they carry special markings: are an example of a specific literary or semantic class; and reveal linguistic/stylistic features. Examines the history of literary dedications, citing examples by well-known writers, and suggests that cataloguing software should have a special field to record dedication

Date

22. 2.1999 20:41:06

Footnote

Übers. d. Titels: The study and indexing of book dedications

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Abstract

Comprises 7 papers, 7 book reviews and 7 abstracts on recent thesaurus literature as well as a bibliography of 47 sources relating to literature on thesauri

Content

Enthält u.a. die Beiträge (auf Italienisch): CHETI, A.: Classification as a source of terms and relationships for thesauri; DANESI, D.: Che cosa non sono i thesauri?; PETRUCCIANI, A.: Microthesauri for the old and rare book; TAMMARO, A.M.: Hypertext and thesauri: two application examples; ROLLE, M.: A legal-administrative thesaurus for local government: an experience in construction; CAPITANI, P.C.: European multilingual thesauri in the area of education; DANESI, D.: The Art and Architecture Thesaurus and the comeback of a faceted thesaurus

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Abstract

Describes the work of mediaeval librarians such as Paulaus Melissus and looks at current problems in cataloguing bibliographies. One of these is that the material used does not have the precise algorithmic format required by information technology; today's electronic cataloguing methods are merely a translation of the former manual ones e.g. book title keywords, and have similar defects. Analyses the 3 basi features of books i.e. text, text edition and materials used, and criticises traditional indexing methods

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Abstract

The Political Sciences Library of the University of Padua completed in 1994 a pilot project to add all its book material purchased since 1970 (some 20.000 monographs) to its public online catalogue. The library decided against creating a parallel database, and to work instead directly thorugh its existing SBN base, thus avoiding duplication of authors and titles and saving time. Library of Congress tapes were acquired and a special rapid cataloguing software (RAP) was developed, written in natural-Adabas. Describes the project's methodology, problems and results

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Abstract

Analyses some problems that arise when cataloguing comic book/strip cartoon publications using the USMARC format, suggesting solutions for each of the 4 main forms in which cartoon titles appear - periodical titles; stories within periodicals and serials; serial titles; and albums - in the context of AACR2 interpretations. For genre cataloguing, terminology from an 'open' system such as the Art and Architecture Thesaurus (AAT) is preferable to the LCSH. Suggests ways to overcome USMARC's limitations when cataloguing cartoon characters

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Footnote

The guide Nuovo soggettario was presented on February 8' 2007 at a one-day seminar in the Palazzo Vecchio, Florence, in front of some 500 spellbound people. The Nuovo soggettario comes in two parts: the guide in book-form and an accompanying CD-ROM, by way of which a prototype of the thesaurus may be accessed on the Internet. In the former, rules are stated; the latter contains a pdf version of the guide and the first installment of the controlled vocabulary, which is to be further enriched and refined. Syntactic instructions (general application guidelines, as well as special annotations of particular terms) and the compiled subject strings file have yet to be added. The essentials of the new system are: 1) an analytic-synthetic approach, 2) use of terms (units of controlled vocabulary) and subject strings (which represent subjects by combining terms in linear order to form syntactic relationships), instead of main headings and subdivisions, 3) specificity of terms and strings, with a view to the co-extension of subject string and subject matter and 4) a clear distinction between semantic and syntactic relationships, with full control of them both. Basic features of the vocabulary include the uniformity and univocality of terms and thesaural management of a priori (semantic) relationships. Starting from its definition, each term can be categorially analyzed: four macro-categories are represented (agents, action, things, time), for which there are subcategories called facets (e.g., for actions: activities, disciplines, processes), which in turn have sub-facets. Morphological instructions conform to national and international standards, including BS 8723, ANSI/ NISO Z39.19 and the IFLA draft of Guidelines for multilingual thesauri, even for syntactic factorization. Different kinds of semantic relationships are represented thoroughly, and particular attention is paid to poly-hierarchies, which are used only in moderation: both top terms must actually be relevant. Node labels are used to specify the principle of division applied. Instance relationships are also used.
An entry is structured so as to present all the essential elements of the indexing system. For each term are given: category, facet, related terms, Dewey interdisciplinary class number and, if necessary; definition or scope notes. Sources used are referenced (an appendix in the book lists those used in the current work). Historical notes indicate whenever a change of term has occurred, thus smoothing the transition from the old lists. In chapter 5, the longest one, detailed instructions with practical examples show how to create entries and how to relate terms; upper relationships must always be complete, right up to the top term, whereas hierarchies of related terms not yet fully developed may remain unfinished. Subject string construction consists in a double operation: analysis and synthesis. The former is the analysis of logical functions performed by single concepts in the definition of the subject (e.g., transitive actions, object, agent, etc.) or in syntactic relationships (transitive relationships and belonging relationship), so that each term for those concepts is assigned its role (e.g., key concept, transitive element, agent, instrument, etc.) in the subject string, where the core is distinct from the complementary roles (e.g., place, time, form, etc.). Synthesis is based on a scheme of nuclear and complementary roles, and citation order follows agreed-upon principles of one-to-one relationships and logical dependence. There is no standard citation order based on facets, in a categorial logic, but a flexible one, although thorough. For example, it is possible for a time term (subdivision) to precede an action term, when the former is related to the latter as the object of action: "Arazzi - Sec. 16.-17. - Restauro" [Tapestry - 16th-17th century - Restoration] (p. 126). So, even with more complex subjects, it is possible to produce perfectly readable strings covering the whole of the subject matter without splitting it into two incomplete and complementary headings. To this end, some unusual connectives are adopted, giving the strings a more discursive style.
Now BNI is beginning to use the new language, pointing the way for the adoption of Nuovo soggettario in Italian libraries: a difficult challenge whose success is not assured. To name only one issue: including all fields of study requires particular care in treating terms with different specialized meanings; cooperation of other libraries and institutions is foreseen. At the same time, efforts are being made to assure the system's interoperability outside the library world. It is clear that a great commitment is required. "Too complex a system!" say the naysayers. "Only at the beginning," the proponents reply. The new system goes against the mainstream, compared with the imitation of the easy way offered by search engines - but we know that they must enrich their devices to improve quality, just repeating the work on semantic and syntactic relationships that leads formal expressions to the meanings they are intended to communicate - and also compared with research to create automated devices supporting human work, for the need to simplify cataloguing. Here AI is not involved, but automation is widely used to facilitate and to support the conscious work of indexers guided by rules as clear as possible. The advantage of Nuovo soggettario is its combination of a thesaurus (a much-appreciated tool used across the world) with the equally widespread technique of subject-string construction, which is to say: the rational and predictable combination of the terms used. The appearance of this original, unparalleled working model may well be a great occasion in the international development of indexing, as, on one hand, the Nuovo soggettario uses a recognized tool (the thesaurus) and, on the other, by permitting both pre-coordination and post-coordination, it attempts to overcome the fragmentation of increasingly complex and specialized subjects into isolated, single-term descriptors. This is a serious proposition that merits consideration from both theoretical and practical points of view - and outside Italy, too."

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Abstract

Looks at how new information search and retrieval technology is creating the so-called desktop library. Current full text retrieval (FTR) systems have extended search operations to the whole content of an electronic document. Research can be not simply Boolean but also by natural language processing (NLP). A matter of concern to librarians is the ability of the latest FTR search angines to construct automatic indexes. In the field of network information discovery and retrieval (NIDR) the 2 most important protocols for librarians are the international SR / Z39.50 standard and http. Describes the differing operations of FTR and NIDR as they affect the end-user

Footnote

Übers. des Titels: Information search and retrieval

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Abstract

Analyses the technical features of the 5 main search fields of the OPAC run by Bologna University's interlibrary centre (CIB), part of the National Library Service (SBN). The CIB links about 100 academic and civil library collections on the humanities, social sciences, and science subjects. With the aid of Home Page / Helpline displays, examines how OPAC search procedures are carried out by author, title, subject, ISBN, or single library. Also explains the data filtering methods used. The CIB will soon broaden its OPAC search strategies by adopting the Florence University library OPAC research structure

Footnote

Übers. d. Titels: OPAC search paths at Bologna University's National Library Service unit

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Abstract

Describes a proposed system for helping public library users, in praticular students, in their document searches. The system would directly involve users in compiling cards that indictae the various library sources (encyclopedias, books, newspapers, magazines, etc.) from which they retrieved bibliographic data. These cards would then be used to create a search path catalogue having 2 sections: general research topics; and keywords. Subsequently the librarian would form a database from this information. Such a system would not only benefit other researchers but also help the library to plan acquisition and rationalise its document arrangements. The scheme won 3rd prize in an open competition designated 'La biblioteca desiderata' (The kind of library we want), promoted jointly by the Milan Province Cultural Office and Biblioteche Oggi

Footnote

Übers. des Titels: Bibliographic search patterns

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Date

22. 2.1999 20:40:57

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Abstract

Replies to some criticisms of the GADA (Manuale per la gestione automatizzata delle descrizioni archivistiche / Archival Descriptions Automation Handbook) the archival theory underlying it, and GADA's application in CDS/ISIS. Discusses the relationship between library, archival and information science; archival search via topics/subjects as well as by institution; and the relation between the ISAD(G) descriptive standard and MARC AMC. Reviews the impact of computers on archival theory and practice

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Abstract

Examines international library journal articles on the theme of current developments in library reference services. Some aspects discussed include: customer service implications for reference practice; countering information overload the role of the librarian; improving the quality of telephone reference services; information resources and democracy; students and the information search process; ethnicity and information seeking; building local history collections through guided autobiography; the vertical file retain or discard?

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Abstract

Continuing a previous article on CDS/ISIS Micro functions and procedures, illustrates other aspects by recapitulating the strong and weak points of the system. Defects include lack of user firendliness, the search and cataloguing functions, index management, and import/export. Favourable features are total file definition, the formatting language, alphabetical sorting, commands, and data transfer to/from other software environments. ISIS, developed by UNESCO, is a good product, and although demanding for the user, repays the effort made

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Date

6. 4.1996 13:22:31

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Date

6. 4.1996 13:22:31

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Date

6. 4.1996 13:22:31

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Abstract

Pro-Cite is a high quality bibliography formatting software program designed for the efficient management of a text data file. The program can sort the lists of bibliographical references provided by abstracts and keywords in variable length fields, prepare selected lists classified in different ways so that writing is needed once only, and provide a variety of output formats. Describes Pro-Cite database organization, editing procedures, the authority file, reformatting and input, the inverted file quick search field, sorting, and output. Summarizes the pros and cons of the system

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Abstract

Attempts to apply the most recent theories about company wide quality control to public library reference services, and in particular to librarian user interaction during the reference interview. Elements of the interaction that directly affect the quality of the service include the librarian's ability to listen, understand the user's real requirement, and offer the most precise and apt solution to the query. There are also indirect quality factors such as the range of information sources available, the librarian's query solving routine and his educational level, and familiarity with sources and search methods. Looks at the possible outcomes of the reference interview, and how user needs are satisfied

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Abstract

Since an increasing variety of electronic information media and their hybrid developments is available in libraries, a unifying concept is needed to obviate the constant creation of new fonds and catalogues, and the futile search for the illusory 'definitive' electronic product. Suggests that although the Internet provides only a superficial integration of various electronic media, its central concept is the unifying one of hypertextuality, whose 4 main elements are the following: multilinearity; hypermediality; integrability; and interactiveness. Explains these ideas, and describes also Philip Barker's suggested 4 categories of the technologically advanced library: multimedia, electronic, digital and virtual. Makes suggestions to help librarians progress towards the virtual library