Search (8 results, page 1 of 1)

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Abstract

Julius Otto Kaiser (1968-1927) was a special librarian and indexer who, at the turn of the twentieth century, designed an innovative, category-based indexing system known as "systematic indexing." Although he is regarded as a pioneer of indexing and classification, little is known about his life. This essay seeks to fill in some gaps in Kaiser's biography by reviewing what is known of his life prior to his entry into information work: namely, his birth, childhood, and education in Germany; his early career as a musician and teacher in Australia; and his sojourn as a teacher in Chile. It is argued that Kaiser's early experiences equipped him with linguistic skills and a commercial outlook that smoothed his path into the world of business information and left traces in his thought about indexing and information work.

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Abstract

This article examines changing views on "systematic" or classified shelf-arrangement in German library science from Kayser's 1790 work Ueber die Manipulation bey der Einrichtung einer Bibliothek to the 1914 Versammlung deutscher Bibliothekare in Leipzig, at which Georg Leyh delivered the seminal paper, "Systematische oder mechanische Aufstellung?" Systematic arrangement was, with few exceptions, held up as an ideal throughout the nineteenth century; but by 1914 it could be agreed to belong to a past era in which, in the words of Leyh, libraries ran as a "Kleinbetrieb" [small business] (Leyh 1913, 100, "Das Dogma von der systematischen Aufstellung II-IV." Zentralblatt für Bibliothekswesen 30:97-135). In particular, this article seeks to explore how changing views on the ideal of systematic shelf-arrangement in German library science during this period reflected evolving conceptions of librarianship. For nineteenth-century writers such as Ebert, Molbech, and Petzholdt, systematic classification and arrangement had meaning against the backdrop of an encyclopedic tradition within which libraries and librarians played an important role in organizing and presenting a rational overview of the universe of knowledge - an overview that was to be both physical and intellectual. The waning of the ideal of systematic arrangement at the turn of the twentieth century was associated with a sense of loss, as an intellectual or "scholarly" tradition of librarianship was seen to give way to more utilitarian and "bureaucratic" expectations. The changing fortunes of the ideal of systematic arrangement in German library science between 1790 and 1914 may be seen to illustrate how progress and loss are often inextricably linked in the history of libraries and librarianship

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Abstract

This writeup presents the fundamentals of subject indexing in terms of its development, scope, coverage, role in subject indexing techniques and the important elements to design a well-structured and effective subject indexing process, requirements and the infrastructure. From the time of RDC to PRECIS, the developers has been envisaged the problems to expand the flexibility and versatility of indexing technique. Whenever one indexing process is failed to achieve the maximum efficiency another is developed on the basis of failure. It concludes that all the developments of subject indexing processes during that era are leads to the innovation of Artificial Intelligence technique (AI), i.e. Natural Language Processing (NLP) by implementation of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in present time.

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Abstract

The invention of automatic indexing using a keyword-in-context approach has generally been attributed solely to Hans Peter Luhn of IBM. This article shows that credit for this invention belongs equally to Luhn and Herbert Ohlman of the System Development Corporation. It also traces the origins of title derivative automatic indexing, its development and implementation, and current status.

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Abstract

In this book, Ronald Day offers a critical history of the modern tradition of documentation. Focusing on the documentary index (understood as a mode of social positioning), and drawing on the work of the French documentalist Suzanne Briet, Day explores the understanding and uses of indexicality. He examines the transition as indexes went from being explicit professional structures that mediated users and documents to being implicit infrastructural devices used in everyday information and communication acts. Doing so, he also traces three epistemic eras in the representation of individuals and groups, first in the forms of documents, then information, then data. Day investigates five cases from the modern tradition of documentation. He considers the socio-technical instrumentalism of Paul Otlet, "the father of European documentation" (contrasting it to the hermeneutic perspective of Martin Heidegger); the shift from documentation to information science and the accompanying transformation of persons and texts into users and information; social media's use of algorithms, further subsuming persons and texts; attempts to build android robots -- to embody human agency within an information system that resembles a human being; and social "big data" as a technique of neoliberal governance that employs indexing and analytics for purposes of surveillance. Finally, Day considers the status of critique and judgment at a time when people and their rights of judgment are increasingly mediated, displaced, and replaced by modern documentary techniques.

Content

Paul Otlet : friends and books for information needsRepresenting documents and persons in information systems : library and information science and citation indexing and analysis -- Social computing and the indexing of the whole -- The document as the subject : androids -- Governing expression : social big data and neoliberalism.

Footnote

Vgl. auch den Beitrag: Day, R.E.: An afterword to indexing it all: the subject in the age of documentation, information, and data. In: Bulletin of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 42(2016) no.2, S.25-28. Rez. in: JASIST 67(2016) no.7, S.1784-1786 (H.A. Olson).

LCSH

Indexing / Social aspects

Subject

Indexing / Social aspects

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Date

22. 8.2016 15:58:46

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Date

22. 2.2013 12:10:07

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Date

22. 8.2016 16:06:54