Search (12 results, page 1 of 1)

0.048986137 = product of:
  0.097972274 = sum of:
    0.097972274 = sum of:
      0.073310144 = weight(_text_:book in 2392) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.073310144 = score(doc=2392,freq=14.0), product of:
          0.2272612 = queryWeight, product of:
            4.414126 = idf(docFreq=1454, maxDocs=44218)
            0.051484983 = queryNorm
          0.322581 = fieldWeight in 2392, product of:
            3.7416575 = tf(freq=14.0), with freq of:
              14.0 = termFreq=14.0
            4.414126 = idf(docFreq=1454, maxDocs=44218)
            0.01953125 = fieldNorm(doc=2392)
      0.024662131 = weight(_text_:22 in 2392) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.024662131 = score(doc=2392,freq=4.0), product of:
          0.18029164 = queryWeight, product of:
            3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
            0.051484983 = queryNorm
          0.13679022 = fieldWeight in 2392, product of:
            2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
              4.0 = termFreq=4.0
            3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
            0.01953125 = fieldNorm(doc=2392)
  0.5 = coord(1/2)

Classification

323.44/5 22 (GBV;LoC)

DDC

323.44/5 22 (GBV;LoC)

Footnote

Rez. in: JASIST 58(2007) no.2, S.302 (L.A. Ennis):"This is an important and timely anthology of articles "on the normative issues surrounding information control" (p. 11). Using an interdisciplinary approach, Moore's work takes a broad look at the relatively new field of information ethics. Covering a variety of disciplines including applied ethics, intellectual property, privacy, free speech, and more, the book provides information professionals of all kinds with a valuable and thought-provoking resource. Information Ethics is divided into five parts and twenty chapters or articles. At the end of each of the five parts, the editor has included a few "discussion cases," which allows the users to apply what they just read to potential real life examples. Part I, "An Ethical Framework for Analysis," provides readers with an introduction to reasoning and ethics. This complex and philosophical section of the book contains five articles and four discussion cases. All five of the articles are really thought provoking and challenging writings on morality. For instance, in the first article, "Introduction to Moral Reasoning," Tom Regan examines how not to answer a moral question. For example, he thinks using what the majority believes as a means of determining what is and is not moral is flawed. "The Metaphysics of Morals" by Immanuel Kant looks at the reasons behind actions. According to Kant, to be moral one has to do the right thing for the right reasons. By including materials that force the reader to think more broadly and deeply about what is right and wrong, Moore has provided an important foundation and backdrop for the rest of the book. Part II, "Intellectual Property: Moral and Legal Concerns," contains five articles and three discussion cases for tackling issues like ownership, patents, copyright, and biopiracy. This section takes a probing look at intellectual and intangible property from a variety of viewpoints. For instance, in "Intellectual Property is Still Property," Judge Frank Easterbrook argues that intellectual property is no different than physical property and should not be treated any differently by law. Tom Palmer's article, "Are Patents and Copyrights Morally Justified," however, uses historical examples to show how intellectual and physical properties differ.
Part III, "Privacy and Information Control," has four articles and three discussion cases beginning with an 1890 article from the Harvard Law Review, "The Right to Privacy," written by Samuel A Warren and Louis D. Brandeis. Moore then includes an article debating whether people own their genes, an article on caller I.D., and an article on computer surveillance. While all four articles pose some very interesting questions, Margaret Everett's article "The Social Life of Genes: Privacy, Property, and the New Genetics" is incredible. She does a great job of demonstrating how advances in genetics have led to increased concerns over ownership and privacy of genetic codes. For instance, if someone's genetic code predisposes them to a deadly disease, should insurance companies have access to that information? Part IV, "Freedom of Speech and Information Control," has three articles and two discussion cases that examine speech and photography issues. Moore begins this section with Kent Greenawalt's "Rationales for Freedom of Speech," which looks at a number of arguments favoring free speech. Then the notion of free speech is carried over into the digital world in "Digital Speech and Democratic Culture: A Theory of Freedom of Expression for the Information Society" by Jack M. Balkin. At 59 pages, this is the work's longest article and demonstrates how complex the digital environment has made freedom of speech issues. Finally, Part V, "Governmental and Societal Control of Information," contains three articles and three discussion cases which provide an excellent view into the conflict between security and privacy. For instance, the first article, "Carnivore, the FBI's E-mail Surveillance System: Devouring Criminals, Not Privacy" by Griffin S. Durham, examines the FBI's e-mail surveillance program called Carnivore. Durham does an excellent job of demonstrating that Carnivore is a necessary and legitimate system used in limited circumstances and with a court order. Librarians will find the final article in the book, National Security at What Price? A Look into Civil Liberty Concerns in the Information Age under the USA Patriot Act by Jacob R. Lilly, of particular interest. In this article, Lilly uses historical examples of events that sacrificed civil liberties for national security such as the internment of Japanese-Americans during World War II and the McCarthyism of the Cold War era to examine the PATRIOT Act.
The book also includes an index, a selected bibliography, and endnotes for each article. More information on the authors of the articles would have been useful, however. One of the best features of Information Ethics is the discussion cases at the end of each chapter. For instance, in the discussion cases, Moore asks questions like: Would you allow one person to die to save nine? Should a scientist be allowed to experiment on people without their knowledge if there is no harm? Should marriages between people carrying a certain gene be outlawed? These discussion cases really add to the value of the readings. The only suggestion would be to have put them at the beginning of each section so the reader could have the questions floating in their heads as they read the material. Information Ethics is a well thought out and organized collection of articles. Moore has done an excellent job of finding articles to provide a fair and balanced look at a variety of complicated and far-reaching topics. Further, the work has breadth and depth. Moore is careful to include enough historical articles, like the 1890 Warren article, to give balance and perspective to new and modern topics like E-mail surveillance, biopiracy, and genetics. This provides a reader with just enough philosophy and history theory to work with the material. The articles are written by a variety of authors from differing fields so they range in length, tone, and style, creating a rich tapestry of ideas and arguments. However, this is not a quick or easy read. The subject matter is complex and one should plan to spend time with the book. The book is well worth the effort though. Overall, this is a highly recommended work for all libraries especially academic ones."

0.023996377 = product of:
  0.047992755 = sum of:
    0.047992755 = product of:
      0.09598551 = sum of:
        0.09598551 = weight(_text_:book in 1453) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.09598551 = score(doc=1453,freq=6.0), product of:
            0.2272612 = queryWeight, product of:
              4.414126 = idf(docFreq=1454, maxDocs=44218)
              0.051484983 = queryNorm
            0.42235768 = fieldWeight in 1453, product of:
              2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
                6.0 = termFreq=6.0
              4.414126 = idf(docFreq=1454, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=1453)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
  0.5 = coord(1/2)

Abstract

Taylor intends this book to be preparatory to traditional texts on cataloging and classification. She reviews why and how recorded information is organized in libraries, archives, museums, and art galleries. She then turns to the methods of retrieving information, such as through bibliographies and catalogs, and methods of encoding information (e.g., MARC and SGML), the metadata related to description and access, subject analysis by means of words, and classification as a further means of subject access. A chapter on systems for information storage and retrieval concludes a book that well fills the need for a single-volume introduction on its subject.

Content

"The book should be the natural choice as a textbook for the many new undergraduate courses on organization of information offered by schools of library and /or information science"

0.01959296 = product of:
  0.03918592 = sum of:
    0.03918592 = product of:
      0.07837184 = sum of:
        0.07837184 = weight(_text_:book in 262) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.07837184 = score(doc=262,freq=4.0), product of:
            0.2272612 = queryWeight, product of:
              4.414126 = idf(docFreq=1454, maxDocs=44218)
              0.051484983 = queryNorm
            0.34485358 = fieldWeight in 262, product of:
              2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                4.0 = termFreq=4.0
              4.414126 = idf(docFreq=1454, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=262)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
  0.5 = coord(1/2)

Abstract

The Architecture of Cyberspace is aimed at students taking information management as a minor in their course as well as those who manage document collections but who are not professional librarians. The first part of this book looks at how users find documents and the problems they have; the second part discusses how to manage the information space using various tools such as classification and controlled vocabularies. It also explores the general issues of publishing, including legal considerations, as well the main issues of creating and managing archives. Supported by exercises and discussion questions at the end of each chapter, the book includes some sample assignments suitable for use with students of this subject. A glossary is also provided to help readers understand the specialised vocabulary and the key concepts in the design and assessment of information spaces.

0.017438762 = product of:
  0.034877524 = sum of:
    0.034877524 = product of:
      0.06975505 = sum of:
        0.06975505 = weight(_text_:22 in 5941) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.06975505 = score(doc=5941,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.18029164 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
              0.051484983 = queryNorm
            0.38690117 = fieldWeight in 5941, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
              0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=5941)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
  0.5 = coord(1/2)

Date

26. 2.2008 19:22:51

0.013854314 = product of:
  0.027708627 = sum of:
    0.027708627 = product of:
      0.055417255 = sum of:
        0.055417255 = weight(_text_:book in 4986) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.055417255 = score(doc=4986,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.2272612 = queryWeight, product of:
              4.414126 = idf(docFreq=1454, maxDocs=44218)
              0.051484983 = queryNorm
            0.2438483 = fieldWeight in 4986, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              4.414126 = idf(docFreq=1454, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=4986)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
  0.5 = coord(1/2)

Abstract

Museums are under pressure to deliver effective management and presentation of their collections, outreach to their public, cost effective use of all of their resources and the generation of maximum income. This book addresses such topics as what information means in the museum context, who uses it and what they need to do with it, developing a strategy for using information to benefit the museum, making the best use of the knowledge and skills of the museum staff, and acquiring the right mix of technology and managing it to support co-operation between people. Basic principles and practical advice is presented for integrated management of a whole range of information which museums need for productive use of human resources and for choosing and using technology effectively. The needs of small museums are given special attention and case studies show how a range of institutions have responded to the challenge.

0.011083451 = product of:
  0.022166902 = sum of:
    0.022166902 = product of:
      0.044333804 = sum of:
        0.044333804 = weight(_text_:book in 4005) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.044333804 = score(doc=4005,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.2272612 = queryWeight, product of:
              4.414126 = idf(docFreq=1454, maxDocs=44218)
              0.051484983 = queryNorm
            0.19507864 = fieldWeight in 4005, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              4.414126 = idf(docFreq=1454, maxDocs=44218)
              0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=4005)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
  0.5 = coord(1/2)

Abstract

Although much of the hubris and hyperbole surrounding the 1990's Internet has softened to a reasonable level, the inexorable momentum of information growth continues unabated. This wealth of information provides resources for adapting to the problems posed by our increasingly complex world, but the simple availability of more information does not guarantee its successful transformation into valuable knowledge that shapes, guides, and improves our activity. When faced with something like the analysis of sense-making behavior on the web, traditional research models tell us a lot about learning and performance with browser operations, but very little about how people will actively navigate and search through information structures, what information they will choose to consume, and what conceptual models they will induce about the landscape of cyberspace. Thus, it is fortunate that a new field of research, Adaptive Information Interaction (AII), is becoming possible. AII centers on the problems of understanding and improving human-information interaction. It is about how people will best shape themselves to their information environments, and how information environments can best be shaped to people. Its roots lie in human-computer interaction (HCI), information retrieval, and the behavioral and social sciences. This book is about Information Foraging Theory (IFT), a new theory in Adaptive Information Interaction that is one example of a recent flourish of theories in adaptationist psychology that draw upon evolutionary-ecological theory in biology. IFT assumes that people (indeed, all organisms) are ecologically rational, and that human information-seeking mechanisms and strategies adapt the structure of the information environments in which they operate. Its main aim is to create technology that is better shaped to users. Information Foraging Theory will be of interest to student and professional researchers in HCI and cognitive psychology.

0.00979648 = product of:
  0.01959296 = sum of:
    0.01959296 = product of:
      0.03918592 = sum of:
        0.03918592 = weight(_text_:book in 338) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.03918592 = score(doc=338,freq=4.0), product of:
            0.2272612 = queryWeight, product of:
              4.414126 = idf(docFreq=1454, maxDocs=44218)
              0.051484983 = queryNorm
            0.17242679 = fieldWeight in 338, product of:
              2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                4.0 = termFreq=4.0
              4.414126 = idf(docFreq=1454, maxDocs=44218)
              0.01953125 = fieldNorm(doc=338)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
  0.5 = coord(1/2)

Footnote

Weitere Rez. in: JASIST 58(2007) no.5, S.758-760 (A. Gruzd): "Despite the minor drawbacks described, the book is a great source for researchers in the IR&S fields in general and in the CIR field in particular. Furthermore, different chapters of this book also might be of interest to members from other communities. For instance, librarians responsible for library instruction might find the chapter on search training by Lucas and Topi helpful in their work. Cognitive psychologists would probably be intrigued by Spink and Cole's view on multitasking. IR interface designers will likely find the chapter on KDV by Hook and Borner very beneficial. And students taking IR-related courses might find the thorough literature reviews by Ruthven and Kelly particularly useful when beginning their own research."

0.00969802 = product of:
  0.01939604 = sum of:
    0.01939604 = product of:
      0.03879208 = sum of:
        0.03879208 = weight(_text_:book in 3347) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.03879208 = score(doc=3347,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.2272612 = queryWeight, product of:
              4.414126 = idf(docFreq=1454, maxDocs=44218)
              0.051484983 = queryNorm
            0.17069381 = fieldWeight in 3347, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              4.414126 = idf(docFreq=1454, maxDocs=44218)
              0.02734375 = fieldNorm(doc=3347)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
  0.5 = coord(1/2)

Abstract

What do primordial bacteria, medieval alchemists, and the World Wide Web have to do with each other? This fascinating exploration of how information systems emerge takes readers on a provocative journey through the history of the information age. Today's "information explosion" may seem like an acutely modern phenomenon, but we are not the first generation - nor even the first species - to wrestle with the problem of information overload. Long before the advent of computers, human beings were collecting, storing, and organizing information: from Ice Age taxonomies to Sumerian archives, Greek libraries to Dark Age monasteries. Today, we stand at a precipice, as our old systems struggle to cope with what designer Richard Saul Wurman called a "tsunami of data."With some historical perspective, however, we can begin to understand our predicament not just as the result of technological change, but as the latest chapter in an ancient story that we are only beginning to understand. Spanning disciplines from evolutionary theory and cultural anthropology to the history of books, libraries, and computer science, writer and information architect Alex Wright weaves an intriguing narrative that connects such seemingly far-flung topics as insect colonies, Stone Age jewelry, medieval monasteries, Renaissance encyclopedias, early computer networks, and the World Wide Web. Finally, he pulls these threads together to reach a surprising conclusion, suggesting that the future of the information age may lie deep in our cultural past. To counter the billions of pixels that have been spent on the rise of the seemingly unique World Wide Web, journalist and information architect Wright delivers a fascinating tour of the many ways that humans have collected, organized and shared information for more than 100,000 years to show how the information age started long before microchips or movable type. A self-described generalist who displays an easy familiarity with evolutionary biology and cultural anthropology as well as computer science and technology, Wright explores the many and varied roots of the Web, including how the structure of family relationships from Greek times, among others, has exerted a profound influence on the shape and structure of human information systems. He discusses how the violent history of libraries is the best lesson in how hierarchical systems collapse and give rise to new systems, and how the new technology of the book introduced the notion of random access to information. And he focuses on the work of many now obscure information-gathering pioneers such as John Wilkins and his Universal Categories and Paul Otlet, the Internet's forgotten forefather, who anticipated many of the problems bedeviling the Web today. (Publishers Weekly)

0.008719381 = product of:
  0.017438762 = sum of:
    0.017438762 = product of:
      0.034877524 = sum of:
        0.034877524 = weight(_text_:22 in 1280) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.034877524 = score(doc=1280,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.18029164 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
              0.051484983 = queryNorm
            0.19345059 = fieldWeight in 1280, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=1280)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
  0.5 = coord(1/2)

Date

22. 2.2008 17:36:03

0.0069755046 = product of:
  0.013951009 = sum of:
    0.013951009 = product of:
      0.027902018 = sum of:
        0.027902018 = weight(_text_:22 in 2249) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.027902018 = score(doc=2249,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.18029164 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
              0.051484983 = queryNorm
            0.15476047 = fieldWeight in 2249, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
              0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=2249)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
  0.5 = coord(1/2)

Date

22. 3.2008 18:05:16

0.0061035664 = product of:
  0.012207133 = sum of:
    0.012207133 = product of:
      0.024414266 = sum of:
        0.024414266 = weight(_text_:22 in 1426) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.024414266 = score(doc=1426,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.18029164 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
              0.051484983 = queryNorm
            0.1354154 = fieldWeight in 1426, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
              0.02734375 = fieldNorm(doc=1426)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
  0.5 = coord(1/2)

Date

22. 2.2008 14:05:48

0.005231628 = product of:
  0.010463256 = sum of:
    0.010463256 = product of:
      0.020926513 = sum of:
        0.020926513 = weight(_text_:22 in 1833) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.020926513 = score(doc=1833,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.18029164 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
              0.051484983 = queryNorm
            0.116070345 = fieldWeight in 1833, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0234375 = fieldNorm(doc=1833)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
  0.5 = coord(1/2)

Date

11. 5.2008 19:49:22