Search (12 results, page 1 of 1)

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Abstract

This book covers the basics of semantic web technologies and indexing languages, and describes their contribution to improve languages as a tool for subject queries and knowledge exploration. The book is relevant to information scientists, knowledge workers and indexers. It provides a suitable combination of theoretical foundations and practical applications.

Date

23. 7.2017 13:49:22

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Content

Inhalt: Chapters 2 to 5: Scopes, Domains, and Display Media (pp. 47-102) Chapters 6 to 8: Documents, Analysis, and Indexing (pp. 103-176) Chapters 9 to 10: Exhaustivity and Specificity (pp. 177-196) Chapters 11 to 13: Displayed/Nondisplayed Indexes, Syntax, and Vocabulary Management (pp. 197-364) Chapters 14 to 16: Surrogation, Locators, and Surrogate Displays (pp. 365-390) Chapters 17 and 18: Arrangement and Size of Displayed Indexes (pp. 391-446) Chapters 19 to 21: Search Interface, Record Format, and Full-Text Display (pp. 447-536) Chapter 22: Implementation and Evaluation (pp. 537-541)

Footnote

Rez. in JASIST 57(2006) no.10, S.1412-1413 (R. W. White): "Information Retrieval Design is a textbook that aims to foster the intelligent user-centered design of databases for Information Retrieval (IR). The book outlines a comprehensive set of 20 factors. chosen based on prior research and the authors' experiences. that need to he considered during the design process. The authors provide designers with information on those factors to help optimize decision making. The book does not cover user-needs assessment, implementation of IR databases, or retries al systems, testing. or evaluation. Most textbooks in IR do not offer a substantive walkthrough of the design factors that need to be considered Mien des eloping IR databases. Instead. they focus on issues such as the implementation of data structures, the explanation of search algorithms, and the role of human-machine interaction in the search process. The book touches on all three, but its focus is on designing databases that can be searched effectively. not the tools to search them. This is an important distinction: despite its title. this book does not describe how to build retrieval systems. Professor Anderson utilizes his wealth of experience in cataloging and classification to bring a unique perspective on IR database design that may be useful for novices. for developers seeking to make sense of the design process, and for students as a text to supplement classroom tuition. The foreword and preface. by Jessica Milstead and James Anderson. respectively, are engaging and worthwhile reading. It is astounding that it has taken some 20 years for anyone to continue the stork of Milstead and write as extensively as Anderson does about such an important issue as IR database design. The remainder of the book is divided into two parts: Introduction and Background Issues and Design Decisions. Part 1 is a reasonable introduction and includes a glossary of the terminology that authors use in the book. It is very helpful to have these definitions early on. but the subject descriptors in the right margin are distracting and do not serve their purpose as access points to the text. The terminology is useful to have. as the authors definitions of concepts do not lit exactly with what is traditionally accepted in IR. For example. they use the term 'message' to icier to what would normally be called .'document" or "information object." and do not do a good job at distinguishing between "messages" and "documentary units". Part 2 describes components and attributes of 1R databases to help designers make design choices. The book provides them with information about the potential ramifications of their decisions and advocates a user-oriented approach to making them. Chapters are arranged in a seemingly sensible order based around these factors. and the authors remind us of the importance of integrating them. The authors are skilled at selecting the important factors in the development of seemingly complex entities, such as IR databases: how es er. the integration of these factors. or the interaction between them. is not handled as well as perhaps should be. Factors are presented in the order in which the authors feel then should be addressed. but there is no chapter describing how the factors interact. The authors miss an opportunity at the beginning of Part 2 where they could illustrate using a figure the interactions between the 20 factors they list in a way that is not possible with the linear structure of the book.
. . . Those interested in using the book to design IR databases can work through the chapters in the order provided and end up with a set of requirements for database design. The steps outlined in this book can be rearranged in numerous orders depending on the particular circumstances. This book would benefit from a discussion of what orders are appropriate for different circumstances and bow the requirements outlined interact. I come away from Information Retrieval Design with mixed, although mainly positive feelings. Even though the aims of this book are made clear from the outset, it was still a disappointment to see issues such as implementation and evaluation covered in only a cursory manner. The book is very well structured. well written, and operates in a part of the space that bas been neglected for too long. The authors whet my appetite with discussion of design, and I would have liked to have heard a bit more about what happens in requirements' elicitation before the design issues base been identified and to impIementation after they have been addressed. Overall, the book is a comprehensive review of previous research supplemented by the authors' views on IR design. This book focuses on breadth of coverage rather than depth of coverage and is therefore potentially of more use to novices in the field. The writing style is clear, and the authors knowledge of the subject area is undoubted. I wouId recommend this book to anyone who wants to learn about IR database design and take advantage of the experience and insights of Anderson, one of tile visionaries it the field."

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Abstract

Taylor intends this book to be preparatory to traditional texts on cataloging and classification. She reviews why and how recorded information is organized in libraries, archives, museums, and art galleries. She then turns to the methods of retrieving information, such as through bibliographies and catalogs, and methods of encoding information (e.g., MARC and SGML), the metadata related to description and access, subject analysis by means of words, and classification as a further means of subject access. A chapter on systems for information storage and retrieval concludes a book that well fills the need for a single-volume introduction on its subject.

Content

"The book should be the natural choice as a textbook for the many new undergraduate courses on organization of information offered by schools of library and /or information science"

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Abstract

"Clearly details the conceptual and practical notions of controlled vocabularies. . provides a crash course for newcomers and offers experienced practitioners a common frame of reference. A valuable book." - Christine Connors, TriviumRLG LLC The Accidental Taxonomist is the most comprehensive guide available to the art and science of building information taxonomies. Heather Hedden-one of today's leading writers, instructors, and consultants on indexing and taxonomy topics-walks readers through the process, displaying her trademark ability to present highly technical information in straightforward, comprehensible English. Drawing on numerous real-world examples, Hedden explains how to create terms and relationships, select taxonomy management software, design taxonomies for human versus automated indexing, manage enterprise taxonomy projects, and adapt taxonomies to various user interfaces. The result is a practical and essential guide for information professionals who need to effectively create or manage taxonomies, controlled vocabularies, and thesauri. "A wealth of descriptive reference content is balanced with expert guidance. . Open The Accidental Taxonomist to begin the learning process or to refresh your understanding of the depth and breadth of this demanding discipline." - Lynda Moulton, Principal Consultant, LWM Technology Services "From the novice taxonomist to the experienced professional, all will find helpful, practical advice in The Accidental Taxonomist." - Trish Yancey, TCOO, Synaptica, LLC "This book squarely addresses the growing demand for and interest in taxonomy. ...Hedden brings a variety of background experience, including not only taxonomy construction but also abstracting and content categorization and creating back-of-the-book indexes. These experiences serve her well by building a broad perspective on the similarities as well as real differences between often overlapping types of work." - Marjorie M. K. Hlava, President and Chairman, Access Innovations, Inc., and Chair, SLA Taxonomy Division

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Abstract

Organizing is such a common activity that we often do it without thinking much about it. In our daily lives we organize physical things--books on shelves, cutlery in kitchen drawers--and digital things--Web pages, MP3 files, scientific datasets. Millions of people create and browse Web sites, blog, tag, tweet, and upload and download content of all media types without thinking "I'm organizing now" or "I'm retrieving now." This book offers a framework for the theory and practice of organizing that integrates information organization (IO) and information retrieval (IR), bridging the disciplinary chasms between Library and Information Science and Computer Science, each of which views and teaches IO and IR as separate topics and in substantially different ways. It introduces the unifying concept of an Organizing System--an intentionally arranged collection of resources and the interactions they support--and then explains the key concepts and challenges in the design and deployment of Organizing Systems in many domains, including libraries, museums, business information systems, personal information management, and social computing. Intended for classroom use or as a professional reference, the book covers the activities common to all organizing systems: identifying resources to be organized; organizing resources by describing and classifying them; designing resource-based interactions; and maintaining resources and organization over time. The book is extensively annotated with disciplinary-specific notes to ground it with relevant concepts and references of library science, computing, cognitive science, law, and business.

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Abstract

This book takes the broadest view of information, considering it as a phenomenon in its own roght, rather than exploring the technology for handling it. It is very much concerned with the meaning of information - and what we as individuals do with it

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Footnote

Rez. in: JASIST 56(2005) no.2, S.215-216 (A. Heath): "What is small, thoroughly organized, and easy to understand? Well, it's Heting Chu's latest book an information retrieval. A very welcome release, this small literary addition to the field (only 248 pages) contains a concise and weIl-organized discussion of every major topic in information retrieval. The often-complex field of information retrieval is presented from its origin in the early 1950s to the present day. The organization of this text is top-notch, thus making this an easy read for even the novice. Unlike other titles in this area, Chu's user-friendly style of writing is done an purpose to properly introduce newcomers to the field in a less intimidating way. As stated by the author in the Preface, the purpose of the book is to "present a systematic, thorough yet nontechnical view of the field by using plain language to explain complex subjects." Chu has definitely struck up the right combination of ingredients. In a field so broad and complex, a well-organized presentation of topics that don't trip an themselves is essential. The use of plain language where possible is also a good choice for this topic because it allows one to absorb topics that are, by nature, not as easy to grasp. For instance, Chapters 6 and 7, which cover retrieval approaches and techniques, an often painstaking topic for many students and teachers is deftly handled with the use of tables that can be used to compare and contrast the various models discussed. I particularly loved Chu's use of Koll's 2000 article from the Bulletin of the American Society for Information Science to explain subject searching at the beginning of Chapter 6, which discusses the differences between browsing and searching. The Koll article uses the task of finding a needle in a haystack as an analogy.
Chu's intent with this book is clear throughout the entire text. With this presentation, she writes with the novice in mind or as she puls it in the Preface, "to anyone who is interested in learning about the field, particularly those who are new to it." After reading the text, I found that this book is also an appropriate reference book for those who are somewhat advanced in the field. I found the chapters an information retrieval models and techniques, metadata, and AI very informative in that they contain information that is often rather densely presented in other texts. Although, I must say, the metadata section in Chapter 3 is pretty basic and contains more questions about the area than information. . . . It is an excellent book to have in the classroom, an your bookshelf, etc. It reads very well and is written with the reader in mind. If you are in need of a more advanced or technical text an the subject, this is not the book for you. But, if you are looking for a comprehensive, manual that can be used as a "flip-through," then you are in luck."

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Abstract

This book covers the key aspects of information architecture: core elements of information management - indexing, cataloguing and classification - organising and recording information in the digital environment. The book also focuses on design - specifically user-centred design: designing information systems that support the needs of users, by providing attractive, intuitive interfaces that support a range of information tasks and accommodate a range of individual resources. Key Features: (1) Is aimed at information professionals - existing texts in this emerging area are primarily aimed at web managers. (2) Is a straightforward introduction to the area. The Author: Dr Batley is a senior lecturer at the London Metropolitan University with teaching and research in the areas of organisation and retrieval of information and knowledge resources. Having completed a PhD on factors affecting the retrieval of information from picture databases in 1989, she worked as a subject librarian at the University of East London, before taking up her current post in 1996. Dr Batley is the author of another Chandos book, 'Classification in Theory and Practice'. Readership: The book is aimed at library and information practitioners; students of librarianship, information studies and information management. Contents: Introduction to information architecture Managing content Document description and content analysis Needs, task and resource analysis Indexing and ontologies Metadata Classification and taxonomy creation User-centred design and evaluation

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Footnote

Rez. in: KO 33(2006) no.1, S.58-60 (S.J. Miller): "Metadata: A Cataloger's Primer is a welcome addition to the field of introductory books about metadata intended for librarians and students. The book consists of a collection of papers co-published simultaneously as Cataloging and Classification Quarterly, Volume 40, Numbers 3/4 2005. In the Introduction, the book's editor, Richard P Smiraglia, states that "The purpose of this volume is to provide a learning resource about metadata for catalog librarians and students ... The point of the volume, overall, is that in library and information science there is an ongoing convergence of cataloging and metadata, such that the community will benefit from instructional material that demonstrates this convergence" (p. 1). The collection is divided into two major sections. Part I, "Intellectual Foundations," includes papers with an introductory and theoretical focus, while Part II, "How to Create, Apply, and Use Metadata," contains material with a relatively more practical, instructive focus. In "Understanding Metadata and Metadata Schemes," Jane Greenberg defines metadata and its functions and provides a useful framework for analyzing and comparing diverse metadata schemes based on their objectives and principles, domains, and architectural layout. In her paper "Metadata and Bibliographic Control: Soul-mates or Two Solitudes?" Lynne Howarth directly addresses the central theme of this collection by examining the historical development of, and growing convergence between, the two fields, and concludes that they are more soulmates than solitudes. In "Metadata, Metaphor, and Metonymy," D. Grant Campbell outlines the development of metadata among different stakeholder communities and employs structuralist literary theory to illuminate a perspective on metadata and information representation as special uses of human language in the form of metaphor and metonymy. Part I continues with three papers that present the results of original applied research. Leatrice Ferraioli explores the ways in which individual workers use their own personal metadata for organizing documents in the workplace in "An Exploratory Study of Metadata Creation in a Health Care Agency." In her paper "The Defining Element-A Discussion of the Creator Element within Metadata Schemas," Jennifer Cwiok analyses divergent uses of the "Creator" or equivalent elements in seven different metadata schemes and compares those with the AACR2 approach to representing authorship and intellectual responsibility. The relevance of the bibliographic concept of "the work" to metadata creation for museum artifacts is the focus of "Content Metadata-An Analysis of Etruscan Artifacts in a Museum of Archeology" by Richard P Smiraglia.
Part II consists of five papers on specific metadata standards and applications. Anita Coleman presents an element-by-element description of how to create Dublin Core metadata for Web resources to be included in a library catalog, using principles inspired by cataloging practice, in her paper "From Cataloging to Metadata: Dublin Core Records for the Library Catalog." The next three papers provide especially excellent introductory overviews of three diverse types of metadata-related standards: "Metadata Standards for Archival Control: An Introduction to EAD and EAC" by Alexander C. Thurman, "Introduction to XML" by Patrick Yott, and "METS: the Metadata Encoding and Transmission Standard" by Linda Cantara. Finally, Michael Chopey offers a superb and most useful overview of "Planning and Implementing a Metadata-Driven Digital Repository." Although all of the articles in this book contain interesting, often illuminating, and potentially useful information, not all serve equally well as introductory material for working catalogers not already familiar with metadata. It would be difficult to consider this volume, taken as a whole, as truly a "primer" for catalog librarians, as the subtitle implies. The content of the articles is too much a mix of introductory essays and original research, some of it at a relatively more advanced level. The collection does not approach the topic in the kind of coherent, systematic, or comprehensive way that would be necessary for a true "primer" or introductory textbook. While several of the papers would be quite appropriate for a primer, such a text would need to include, among other things, coverage of other metadata schemes and protocols such as TEI, VRA, and OAI, which are missing here. That having been said, however, Dr. Smiraglia's excellent introduction to the volume itself serves as a kind of concise, well-written "mini-primer" for catalogers new to metadata. It succinctly covers definitions of metadata, basic concepts, content designation and markup languages, metadata for resource description, including short overviews of TEI, DC, EAD, and AACR2/MARC21, and introduces the papers included in the book. In the conclusion to this essay, Dr. Smiraglia says about the book: "In the end the contents go beyond the definition of primer as `introductory textbook.' But the authors have collectively compiled a thought-provoking volume about the uses of metadata" (p. 15). This is a fair assessment of the work taken as a whole. In this reviewer's opinion, there is to date no single introductory textbook on metadata that is fully satisfactory for both working catalogers and for library and information science (LIS) students who may or may not have had exposure to cataloging. But there are a handful of excellent books that serve different aspects of that function. These include the following recent publications:

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Abstract

LIS professionals use structures for organizing knowledge when they catalog and classify objects in the collection, when they develop databases, when they design customized taxonomies, or when they search online. Structures for Organizing Knowledge: Exploring Taxonomies, Ontologies, and Other Schema explores and explains this basic function by looking at three questions: 1) How do we organize objects so that they make sense and are useful? 2) What role do categories, classifications, taxonomies, and other structures play in the process of organizing? 3) What do information professionals need to know about organizing behaviors in order to design useful structures for organizing knowledge? Taking a broad, yet specialized approach that is a first in the field, this book answers those questions by examining three threads: traditional structures for organizing knowledge; personal structures for organizing knowledge; and socially-constructed structures for organizing knowledge. Through these threads, it offers avenues for expanding thinking on classification and classification schemes, taxonomy and ontology development, and structures. Both a history of the development of taxonomies and an analysis of current research, theories, and applications, this volume explores a wide array of topics, including the new digital, social aspect of taxonomy development. Examples of subjects covered include: Formal and informal structures Applications of knowledge structures Classification schemes Early taxonomists and their contributions Social networking, bookmarking, and cataloging sites Cataloging codes Standards and best practices Tags, tagging, and folksonomies Descriptive cataloging Metadata schema standards Thought exercises, references, and a list of helpful websites augment each section. A final chapter, "Thinking Ahead: Are We at a Crossroads?" uses "envisioning exercises" to help LIS professionals look into the future.

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Abstract

The Future of Information Architecture examines issues surrounding why information is processed, stored and applied in the way that it has, since time immemorial. Contrary to the conventional wisdom held by many scholars in human history, the recurrent debate on the explanation of the most basic categories of information (eg space, time causation, quality, quantity) has been misconstrued, to the effect that there exists some deeper categories and principles behind these categories of information - with enormous implications for our understanding of reality in general. To understand this, the book is organised in to four main parts: Part I begins with the vital question concerning the role of information within the context of the larger theoretical debate in the literature. Part II provides a critical examination of the nature of data taxonomy from the main perspectives of culture, society, nature and the mind. Part III constructively invesitgates the world of information network from the main perspectives of culture, society, nature and the mind. Part IV proposes six main theses in the authors synthetic theory of information architecture, namely, (a) the first thesis on the simpleness-complicatedness principle, (b) the second thesis on the exactness-vagueness principle (c) the third thesis on the slowness-quickness principle (d) the fourth thesis on the order-chaos principle, (e) the fifth thesis on the symmetry-asymmetry principle, and (f) the sixth thesis on the post-human stage.

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Footnote

Weitere Rez. in: New Library World 108(2007) nos.3/4, S.190-191 (K.V. Trickey): "Vanda has provided a very useful work that will enable any reader who is prepared to follow her instruction to produce a thesaurus that will be a quality language-based subject access tool that will make the task of information retrieval easier and more effective. Once again I express my gratitude to Vanda for producing another excellent book." - Electronic Library 24(2006) no.6, S.866-867 (A.G. Smith): "Essential thesaurus construction is an ideal instructional text, with clear bullet point summaries at the ends of sections, and relevant and up to date references, putting thesauri in context with the general theory of information retrieval. But it will also be a valuable reference for any information professional developing or using a controlled vocabulary." - KO 33(2006) no.4, S.215-216 (M.P. Satija)