-
Nelson, K.L.: Erasing the horror : revisionism and library access (1998)
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- Abstract
- To meet the demands of academic and intellectual freedom and to encourage students to explore multiple viewpoints on issues, college and university librarians purchase and place denial or revisionist literature in their collections. Identifies current problems in the placement of revisionist and denial literature and proposes a 3-part approach for the handling of these works within a library's collection. Argues in favour of the employment of standards and collaboration between libraries in the classification, cataloguing and placement of such literature
- Source
- Current studies in librarianship. 22(1998) nos.1/2, S.12-19
-
Gorayska, B.; Mey, J.L.: Murphy's surfers or : where is the green? Lure and lore on the Internet (1996)
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- Abstract
- Explores some characteristics of the information superhigway and the WWW metaphors in the light of the current developments in information technology. These characteristics constitute a form of conceptual slippage, which helps us detect and predict the tacit impact that the currently available information delivery systems are having on human cognition. The particular language associated with these systems evolve as a direct result of human cognitive adaptations to the demands, resources and constraints of highly technological environments. discusses the role of metaphor as a vehicle for self-expression, as mediated by criteria of relevance
- Date
- 22. 2.1999 16:08:27
-
Ingenerf, J.: Benutzeranpaßbare semantische Sprachanalyse und Begriffsrepräsentation für die medizinische Dokumentation (1993)
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- Abstract
- This dissertation aims at representing concepts of medical subjects as well as statements on medical subjects independent of medical terminology, in order to overcome the problems of interpretation and further elaboration of entries in an ordering system such as SNOMED, MeSH-Thesaurus or ICD Classification. The approach of a compositional, semantic language analysis developed here implies specific demands from a conceptual modelling and utilizes the following methods: (1) a characteristics-based grammar formalism for represenatation of terminological structures, to be analyzed, (2) a terminological representation formalism for a conceptual-intensionally-oriented representation of a concept system, and (3) a modified chart-parser for grammatical derivation
- Footnote
- Rez. in: Knowledge organization 22(1995) no.2, S.102-103 (P. Hucklenbroich)
-
Joss, M.W.; Wszola, S.: ¬The engines that can : text search and retrieval software, their strategies, and vendors (1996)
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- Abstract
- Traces the development of text searching and retrieval software designed to cope with the increasing demands made by the storage and handling of large amounts of data, recorded on high data storage media, from CD-ROM to multi gigabyte storage media and online information services, with particular reference to the need to cope with graphics as well as conventional ASCII text. Includes details of: Boolean searching, fuzzy searching and matching; relevance ranking; proximity searching and improved strategies for dealing with text searching in very large databases. Concludes that the best searching tools for CD-ROM publishers are those optimized for searching and retrieval on CD-ROM. CD-ROM drives have relatively lower random seek times than hard discs and so the software most appropriate to the medium is that which can effectively arrange the indexes and text on the CD-ROM to avoid continuous random access searching. Lists and reviews a selection of software packages designed to achieve the sort of results required for rapid CD-ROM searching
- Date
- 12. 9.1996 13:56:22
-
Wartburg, K. von; Sibille, C.; Aliverti, C.: Metadata collaboration between the Swiss National Library and research institutions in the field of Swiss historiography (2019)
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- Abstract
- This article presents examples of metadata collaborations between the Swiss National Library (NL) and research institutions in the field of Swiss historiography. The NL publishes the Bibliography on Swiss History (BSH). In order to meet the demands of its research community, the NL has improved the accessibility and interoperability of the BSH database. Moreover, the BSH takes part in metadata projects such as Metagrid, a web service linking different historical databases. Other metadata collaborations with partners in the historical field such as the Law Sources Foundation (LSF) will position the BSH as an indispensable literature hub for publications on Swiss history.
- Date
- 30. 5.2019 19:22:49
-
Kelley, J.H.: New demands for cross-disciplinary indexing (1970)
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- Source
- The social impact of information retrieval, the information bazaar. 7th Ann. Natl. Coll. on Information Retrieval, 8.-9.5.1970
-
Hotho, A.; Bloehdorn, S.: Data Mining 2004 : Text classification by boosting weak learners based on terms and concepts (2004)
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- Abstract
- Document representations for text classification are typically based on the classical Bag-Of-Words paradigm. This approach comes with deficiencies that motivate the integration of features on a higher semantic level than single words. In this paper we propose an enhancement of the classical document representation through concepts extracted from background knowledge. Boosting is used for actual classification. Experimental evaluations on two well known text corpora support our approach through consistent improvement of the results.
- Content
- Vgl.: http://www.google.de/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&ved=0CEAQFjAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fciteseerx.ist.psu.edu%2Fviewdoc%2Fdownload%3Fdoi%3D10.1.1.91.4940%26rep%3Drep1%26type%3Dpdf&ei=dOXrUMeIDYHDtQahsIGACg&usg=AFQjCNHFWVh6gNPvnOrOS9R3rkrXCNVD-A&sig2=5I2F5evRfMnsttSgFF9g7Q&bvm=bv.1357316858,d.Yms.
- Date
- 8. 1.2013 10:22:32
- Source
- Proceedings of the 4th IEEE International Conference on Data Mining (ICDM 2004), 1-4 November 2004, Brighton, UK
-
Boteram, F.; Hubrich, J.: Specifying intersystem relations : requirements, strategies, and issues (2010)
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- Abstract
- Ideally, intersystem relations complement highly expressive and thoroughly structured relational indexing languages. The relational structures of the participating systems contribute to the meaning of the individual terms or classes. When conceptualizing mapping relations the structural and functional design of the respective systems must be fully taken into account. As intersystem relations may differ considerably from familiar interconcept relations, the creation of an adequate inventory that is general in coverage and specific in depth demands a deep understanding of the requirements and properties of mapping relations. The characteristics of specific mapping relations largely rely on the characteristics of the systems they are intended to connect. The detailed declaration of differences and peculiarities of specific mapping relations is an important prerequisite for modelling these relations. First approaches towards specifying
- Date
- 22. 7.2010 17:11:51
-
López-Huertas, M.J.: Exploring the boundaries of knowledge organization : towards future projects (2014)
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- Abstract
- Knowledge organization (KO) is now facing new challenges due to the changes in society, the new ways of producing knowledge (inter and transdisciplinarity), the demands for organizing the knowledge outside the context of the KOSs and the need for building systems where transverse structures should be stressed and where socio-cultural integration is one of their key elements. On the other hand, the theoretical findings claimed by the postmodern thinking (as inter and transdisciplinarity) suggest that a change in the fundamentals of Knowledge organization (KO) and in the design and construction of KOSs should be undertaken. This work deals with the role of the KO in systems that exceed the function of information retrieval in the strict sense, the need for cultural integration in KOSs, and the contribution that transdisciplinarity and other recent theories can contribute to the foundations of KO and the design and construction of the KOSs.
- Source
- Knowledge organization in the 21st century: between historical patterns and future prospects. Proceedings of the Thirteenth International ISKO Conference 19-22 May 2014, Kraków, Poland. Ed.: Wieslaw Babik
-
De Santis, R.; Souza, R.F. de: Classifying popular songs : possibilities and challenges (2014)
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- Abstract
- Classifying complex artistic objects, such as popular songs, raises important issues to knowledge organization studies. Historically, the popular song has been classified as a subcategory of other musical objects. However, recent researches show that the popular song is a specific artistic form that is endowed with its own language and, therefore, demands specific techniques for analysis, representation and, consequently, classification. Considering the different approaches toward popular songs in catalogues and contemporary systems, this paper identifies possible solutions, such as the use of descriptive metadata, the use of collaborative tagging or the creation of an ontology. In discussing the construction of an epistemological foundation used specifically for classifying the popular song, we reflect on the remaining challenges for the knowledge organization of complex artistic documents.
-
Malsburg, C. von der: ¬The correlation theory of brain function (1981)
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- Abstract
- A summary of brain theory is given so far as it is contained within the framework of Localization Theory. Difficulties of this "conventional theory" are traced back to a specific deficiency: there is no way to express relations between active cells (as for instance their representing parts of the same object). A new theory is proposed to cure this deficiency. It introduces a new kind of dynamical control, termed synaptic modulation, according to which synapses switch between a conducting and a non- conducting state. The dynamics of this variable is controlled on a fast time scale by correlations in the temporal fine structure of cellular signals. Furthermore, conventional synaptic plasticity is replaced by a refined version. Synaptic modulation and plasticity form the basis for short-term and long-term memory, respectively. Signal correlations, shaped by the variable network, express structure and relationships within objects. In particular, the figure-ground problem may be solved in this way. Synaptic modulation introduces exibility into cerebral networks which is necessary to solve the invariance problem. Since momentarily useless connections are deactivated, interference between di erent memory traces can be reduced, and memory capacity increased, in comparison with conventional associative memory
- Source
- http%3A%2F%2Fcogprints.org%2F1380%2F1%2FvdM_correlation.pdf&usg=AOvVaw0g7DvZbQPb2U7dYb49b9v_
-
Kaiser, A.: ¬A note on intelligent information retrieval tools in the World Wide Web (1997)
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- Abstract
- The worldwide network Internet and especially the WWW is growing faster and faster. The available information has increased consequently and it is hard for the user to find relevant information. As a consequence there is a great need of Intelligent Information Retrieval Tools for finding rleevant information. The following paper presents demands on Intelligent Information Retrieval Tools. Based on these demands we describe 2 prototypes of Intelligent Information Retrieval Tools (Letizia and the concept of Guided Information Exploration). At the end of the paper we show an approach of a case based retrieval tool which will fulfill most of the formulated demands
-
Pinto, M.; Sales, D.: INFOLITRANS: a model for the development of information competence for translators (2008)
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- Abstract
- Purpose - Since every community of practice generates, seeks, retrieves and uses information resources and sources related to the cognitive structure being researched or studied and the tasks being performed, the need arises to undertake studies focused on real user communities, which in the case of this paper is the group of translators. This paper aims to investigate this issue. Design/methodology/approach - In this arena of application, it is important to remember that translators are not only information users, but also information processors and producers. Thus, their documentary competence has to evolve in three dimensions: the informational, the methodological and the strategic. The conceptual model proposed in the paper is based on information literacy (INFOLIT) standards and also the authors' knowledge of translation practice and the competencies it demands, where INFOLIT plays a starring role. This paper is part of a broader research currently in progress, whose main goal is to provide translators and interpreters with a solid instruction in information literacy. Findings - The paper introduces a model for information literacy specifically intended to develop the information competence of this community of users, it reveals that the model is a gathering of skills, competences, knowledge and values, and it is based on the cooperation between the authors' expert knowledge of information science and professional translation practice. Originality/value - This paper puts forward the first proposal for information literacy applied to translation training.
- Date
- 7. 6.2008 16:18:22
-
Normore, L.F.: "Here be dragons" : a wayfinding approach to teaching cataloguing (2012)
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- Abstract
- Teaching cataloguing requires the instructor to make strategic decisions about how to approach the variety and complexity of the field and to provide an adequate theoretical foundation while preparing students for their entry into the world of practice. Accompanying these challenges are the tactical demands of providing this instruction in a distance education environment. Rather than focusing on ways to support learners in catalogue record production, instructors may use a problem solving and decision making approach to instruction. In this paper, a way to conceptualize a decision making approach that builds on a foundation provided by theories of information navigation is described. This approach, which is called "wayfinding", teaches by having students learn to find their way in the sets of rules that are commonly used. The method focuses on instruction about the structural features of rule sets, providing basic definitions of what each of the "places" in the rule sets contain (e.g., "formatting personal names" in Chapter 22 of AACR2R) and about ways to navigate those structures, enabling students to learn not only about common rules but also about less well known cataloguing practices ("dragons"). It provides both pragmatic and pedagogical benefits and helps develop links between cataloguing practices and their theoretical foundations.
-
Mizrachi, D.; Bates, M.J.: Undergraduates' personal academic information management and the consideration of time and task-urgency (2013)
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- Abstract
- Young undergraduate college students are often described as "digital natives," presumed to prefer living and working in completely digital information environments. In reality, their world is part-paper/part-digital, in constant transition among successive forms of digital storage and communication devices. Studying for a degree is the daily work of these young people, and effective management of paper and digital academic materials and resources contributes crucially to their success in life. Students must also constantly manage their work against deadlines to meet their course and university requirements. This study, following the "Personal Information Management" (PIM) paradigm, examines student academic information management under these various constraints and pressures. A total of 41 18- to 22-year-old students were interviewed and observed regarding the content, structure, and uses of their immediate working environment within their dormitory rooms. Students exhibited remarkable creativity and variety in the mixture of automated and manual resources and devices used to support their academic work. The demands of a yearlong procession of assignments, papers, projects, and examinations increase the importance of time management activities and influence much of their behavior. Results provide insights on student use of various kinds of information technology and their overall planning and management of information associated with their studies.
-
Howe, A.E.; Dreilinger, D.: SavvySearch: a metasearch engine that learns with search engines to query (1997)
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- Abstract
- Metasearch engines reduce the burden to users of search engines by dispatching queries to multiple search engines in parallel. The SavvySearch metasearch engine is designed to effiently query other search engines by carefully selecting those search engines likely to return useful results and responding to fluctuating load demands on the WWW. SavvySearch learns to identify which search engines are most appropriate for particular queries, reasons about resource demands, and represents an iterative parallel search strategy as a simple plan
- Footnote
- Contribution to a special section devoted to intelligent systems on the Internet
-
Johnson, E.H.: Using IODyne : Illustrations and examples (1998)
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- Abstract
- IODyone is an Internet client program that allows one to retriev information from servers by dynamically combining information objects. Information objects are abstract representations of bibliographic data, typically titles (or title keywords), author names, subject and classification identifiers, and full-text search terms
- Date
- 22. 9.1997 19:16:05
- Source
- Visualizing subject access for 21st century information resources: Papers presented at the 1997 Clinic on Library Applications of Data Processing, 2-4 Mar 1997, Graduate School of Library and Information Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Ed.: P.A. Cochrane et al
-
Falquet, G.; Guyot, J.; Nerima, L.: Languages and tools to specify hypertext views on databases (1999)
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- Abstract
- We present a declarative language for the construction of hypertext views on databases. The language is based on an object-oriented data model and a simple hypertext model with reference and inclusion links. A hypertext view specification consists in a collection of parameterized node schemes which specify how to construct node and links instances from the database contents. We show how this language can express different issues in hypertext view design. These include: the direct mapping of objects to nodes; the construction of complex nodes based on sets of objects; the representation of polymorphic sets of objects; and the representation of tree and graph structures. We have defined sublanguages corresponding to particular database models (relational, semantic, object-oriented) and implemented tools to generate Web views for these database models
- Date
- 21.10.2000 15:01:22
-
Kleineberg, M.: Context analysis and context indexing : formal pragmatics in knowledge organization (2014)
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- Content
- Präsentation anlässlich: European Conference on Data Analysis (ECDA 2014) in Bremen, Germany, July 2nd to 4th 2014, LIS-Workshop.
- Source
- http://www.google.de/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=5&ved=0CDQQFjAE&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdigbib.ubka.uni-karlsruhe.de%2Fvolltexte%2Fdocuments%2F3131107&ei=HzFWVYvGMsiNsgGTyoFI&usg=AFQjCNE2FHUeR9oQTQlNC4TPedv4Mo3DaQ&sig2=Rlzpr7a3BLZZkqZCXXN_IA&bvm=bv.93564037,d.bGg&cad=rja
-
Yee, M.M.: What is a work? : part 1: the user and the objects of the catalog (1994)
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- Abstract
- Part 1 of a series of articles, exploring the concept of 'the work' in cataloguing practice, which attempts to construct a definition of the term based on AACR theory and practice. The study begins with a consideration of the objects of the catalogue, their history and the evidence that bears on the question of the degree to which the user needs access to the work, as opposed to a particular edition of the work
- Footnote
- Vgl. auch: Pt.2: Cataloging and classification quarterly. 19(1994) no.2, S.5-22; Pt.3: Cataloging and classification quarterly. 20(1995) no.1, S.25-46; Pt.4: Cataloging and classification quarterly. 20(1995) no.2, S.3-24
