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Weihs, J.; Howarth, L.C.: Designating materials : from "germane terms" to element types (2008)
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- Abstract
- While directions for the use of "germane terms for the physical medium of the work" appeared in the 1964 Rules for Descriptive Cataloging in the Library of Congress: Phonorecords, most libraries choosing to integrate nonbook materials in their collections, either colour-coded their catalogue cards, or added two-digit media codes to call numbers. The first formalized list of "general material designations" (gmds) - placed immediately following the title proper as an early warning device - was published in 1978 in the second edition of the Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules. Since their introduction they have been controversial as this investigation of the evolution of material designations explores.
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Roe, S.K.; Weihs, J.; Olson, N.B.; Urbanski, V.: ¬An interview with Jean Weihs, Nancy B. Olson, and Verna Urbanski (October 2002) (2003)
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- Abstract
- Jean Weihs, Nancy B. Olson, and Verna Urbanski discuss their careers as catalog librarians and educators. Topics covered include the development of audiovisual cataloging standards from the late 1960s to 2002, the impact of audiovisual cataloging practice on the Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules (AACR), implications of Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR), cataloging education, and the future of cataloging as a professional activity.
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Weihs, J.: ¬A somewhat personal history of nonbook cataloguing (2001)
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- Abstract
- Much of this history discusses the personal experience and recollections of the author, who since 1967 has been involved in the development of rules for nonbook cataloguing as an author of one of the works on which the AACR rules for nonbook materials are based, as a member of many cataloguing committees, and as chair of the Joint Steering Committee for Revision of AACR. Opposing points of view are described and reasons for actions taken are outlined.
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Howarth, L.C.; Weihs, J.: Making the link: AACR to RDA : part 1: setting the stage (2007)
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- Abstract
- In October 1997, the Joint Steering Committee for Revision of AACR (JSC) held the International Conference on the Principles and Future Development of AACR, in Toronto, Canada, to determine if a changing bibliographic landscape warranted fundamental rethinking of the Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules. This paper follows the thread of those changes as, between 1997 and early 2005, JSC pursued a vigorous schedule towards a third edition of AACR. Cataloguing constituency feedback on a first draft of AACR3 prompted a change in direction to a code with the working title, Resource Description and Access (RDA) - a content standard for multi-formats and communities.
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Howarth, L.C.; Weihs, J.: AACR2R use in Canadian libraries and implications for bibliographic databases (1995)
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- Abstract
- Reports a study of Canadian libraries to determine the extent of the application of codes and standards for bibliographic cataloguing records for facilitating the sharing of cataloguing records. The research examined results of a 1992 national survey of Canadian libraries to determine the pattern of use of AACR2R; cataloguing rules for different formats of library materials in various sizes and types of libraries. Analysis of data suggests that smaller libraries with collection sizes of less than 100.000 volumes were less likely than larger libraries to be record contributors. Those cataloguing agencies that were contributing to potentially derivable copy tended to use AACR2R in the majority of cases, perhaps suggesting that the quality of original records being created by self selected respondents to the survey were largely to current standard
-
Weihs, J.; Howarth, L.C.: Uniform titles from AACR to RDA (2008)
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- Abstract
- Even before John Fiske (1878) reminded catalogers of their "duty" to correctly identify authors with the same name, uniform headings had assumed a place and purpose in nineteenth-century catalogs. Rules for names of persons, families, corporate bodies, and places have been developed to ensure consistency of both structure and application. Catalogers agree on the importance of form when creating either uniform headings or uniform titles. Paths diverge at the point of application. Effective collocation by means of uniform titles is entirely dependent on whether or not the option to establish them is exercised. In this article, we explore how the concept and treatment of "uniform title" has evolved within Anglo-American cataloging codes, and is changing within RDA: Resource Description and Access.
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Howarth, L.C.; Weihs, J.: AACR2R: dissemination and use in Canadian libraries (1994)
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- Abstract
- Reports the results of a national survey of Canadian libraries to determine the pattern of use of AACR2. 1988 revision (AACR2R), cataloguing rules for different formats of library materials in various sizes and types of libraries. Questionnaires were used to explore: the nature and frequency of use of the code; the preferred publication formats for acquiring AACR2R; and the contribution of records to a bibliographic utility or network (in house or external) database. Describes and summarizes the results, providing a baseline profile of AACR2R users and usage
-
Weihs, J.: Three tales of multilingual cataloguing (1998)
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- Date
- 2. 8.2001 8:55:22
-
Weihs, J.; Lewis, S.: Nonbook materials : the organization of integrated collections (1989)
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- Abstract
- The third ed. of 'Nonbook materials' is updated to bring the practice of nonbook cataloguing into line with the principles set out in the 1988 revision of AACR2. A standard in its field, 'Nonbook materials' is intended for use in all libraries and media centres
- Issue
- 3rd ed.
-
Weihs, J.: Solving the Internet cataloging nightmare (1996)
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- Abstract
- Sets out some of the problems associated with cataloguing Internet materials. Outlines some of the projects underway devoted to establishing standards for naming and locating Internet resources. Cataloguers should focus on Internet materials of interest to their users. Recommends cataloguing electronic journals, important documents on the local server, and home pages of relevant organizations
-
Weihs, J.; Howarth, L.: ¬An interview with Lynne Howarth (2005)
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- Abstract
- Lynne Howarth discusses her career as a cataloguer and educator. Topics covered include important issues facing cataloguers today; exciting trends -- and also some discouraging developments -- in librarianship, cataloguing, and bibliographic control during the last ten years and the future of bibliographic control in the next ten years; the challenges in overcoming the traditional view of librarians; and potential fields of employment for those with cataloguing skills.
-
Intner, S.S.; Lazinger, S.S.; Weihs, J.: Metadata and its impact on libraries (2005)
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- Abstract
- Three experts of the cataloguing world tackle the topic of metadata, explaining fundamental concepts and their accompanying rationales, as well as exploring current developments and future innovations.
- Footnote
- Rez. in: JASIST. 58(2007) no.6., S.909-910 (A.D. Petrou): "A division in metadata definitions for physical objects vs. those for digital resources offered in Chapter 1 is punctuated by the use of broader, more inclusive metadata definitions, such as data about data as well as with the inclusion of more specific metadata definitions intended for networked resources. Intertwined with the book's subject matter, which is to "distinguish traditional cataloguing from metadata activity" (5), the authors' chosen metadata definition is also detailed on page 5 as follows: Thus while granting the validity of the inclusive definition, we concentrate primarily on metadata as it is most commonly thought of both inside and outside of the library community, as "structured information used to find, access, use and manage information resources primarily in a digital environment." (International Encyclopedia of Information and Library Science, 2003) Metadata principles discussed by the authors include modularity, extensibility, refinement and multilingualism. The latter set is followed by seven misconceptions about metadata. Two types of metadata discussed are automatically generated indexes and manually created records. In terms of categories of metadata, the authors present three sets of them as follows: descriptive, structural, and administrative metadata. Chapter 2 focuses on metadata for communities of practice, and is a prelude to content in Chapter 3 where metadata applications, use, and development are presented from the perspective of libraries. Chapter 2 discusses the emergence and impact of metadata on organization and access of online resources from the perspective of communities for which such standards exist and for the need for mapping one standard to another. Discussion focuses on metalanguages, such as Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML) and eXtensible Markup Language (XML), "capable of embedding descriptive elements within the document markup itself' (25). This discussion falls under syntactic interoperability. For semantic interoperability, HTML and other mark-up languages, such as Text Encoding Initiative (TEI) and Computer Interchange of Museum Information (CIMI), are covered. For structural interoperability, Dublin Core's 15 metadata elements are grouped into three areas: content (title, subject, description, type, source, relation, and coverage), intellectual property (creator, publisher, contributor and rights), and instantiation (date, format, identifier, and language) for discussion.
Chapter 8 discusses issues of archiving and preserving digital materials. The chapter reiterates, "What is the point of all of this if the resources identified and catalogued are not preserved?" (Gorman, 2003, p. 16). Discussion about preservation and related issues is organized in five sections that successively ask why, what, who, how, and how much of the plethora of digital materials should be archived and preserved. These are not easy questions because of media instability and technological obsolescence. Stakeholders in communities with diverse interests compete in terms of which community or representative of a community has an authoritative say in what and how much get archived and preserved. In discussing the above-mentioned questions, the authors once again provide valuable information and lessons from a number of initiatives in Europe, Australia, and from other global initiatives. The Draft Charter on the Preservation of the Digital Heritage and the Guidelines for the Preservation of Digital Heritage, both published by UNESCO, are discussed and some of the preservation principles from the Guidelines are listed. The existing diversity in administrative arrangements for these new projects and resources notwithstanding, the impact on content produced for online reserves through work done in digital projects and from the use of metadata and the impact on levels of reference services and the ensuing need for different models to train users and staff is undeniable. In terms of education and training, formal coursework, continuing education, and informal and on-the-job training are just some of the available options. The intensity in resources required for cataloguing digital materials, the questions over the quality of digital resources, and the threat of the new digital environment to the survival of the traditional library are all issues quoted by critics and others, however, who are concerned about a balance for planning and resources allocated for traditional or print-based resources and newer digital resources. A number of questions are asked as part of the book's conclusions in Chapter 10. Of these questions, one that touches on all of the rest and upon much of the book's content is the question: What does the future hold for metadata in libraries? Metadata standards are alive and well in many communities of practice, as Chapters 2-6 have demonstrated. The usefulness of metadata continues to be high and innovation in various elements should keep information professionals engaged for decades to come. There is no doubt that metadata have had a tremendous impact in how we organize information for access and in terms of who, how, when, and where contact is made with library services and collections online. Planning and commitment to a diversity of metadata to serve the plethora of needs in communities of practice are paramount for the continued success of many digital projects and for online preservation of our digital heritage."
-
Weihs, J.; Howarth, L.C.: Nonbook materials : their occurrence and bibliographic description in Canadian libraries (1995)
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- Abstract
- Reports results of a 1992 research study to examine the place of 9 general categories of non book materials (audiovisual materials) in Canadian libraries including: the degree to which non book materials have penetrated library collections; the percentage of catalogues collections; and the extent to which the AACR2R has been applied in the cataloguing. Analyzes the 336 survey responses, revealing both that non book materials have achieved a place in library collections and that improvements in their catalogue access are needed
-
Weihs, J.: Decision time for Dewey libraries (1997)
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- Abstract
- Examines the implications for libraries following the publication of the 21st ed. of the DDC. Global change is not the answer to implementing changes. Looks at some of the option available, and the implications of their adoption. The library can decide to apply DDC21 only to its new materials creating a split collection. The library can decide to implement all of DDC21 maintaining a total collection. The library may reclassify certain section of its collection and leave other sections in split collection mode or to continue using DDC20 for these sections. Libraries that have totally outsourced face additional decisions
