-
Craven, T.: ¬The representation of facets in a general concept network for index display generation (1982)
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- Source
- Universal classification I: subject analysis and ordering systems. Proc. of the 4th Int. Study Conf. on Classification research, Augsburg, 28.6.-2.7.1982. Ed.: I. Dahlberg
-
Wool, G.: Filing and precoordination : how subject headings are displayed in online catalogs and why it matters (2000)
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- Series
- Cataloging and classification quarterly; vol.29, nos.1/2
- Source
- The LCSH century: one hundred years with the Library of Congress Subject Headings system. Ed.: A.T. Stone
-
Miksa, F.: ¬The DDC Relative Index (2006)
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- Abstract
- The "Relative Index" of the Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC) is investigated over the span of its lifetime in 22 editions of the DDC as to its character as a concept indexing system, its provision of conceptual contexts for the terms it lists, and the way in which the index intersects with special tables of categories used in the system. Striking features of the index that are discussed include how the locater function of an index is expressed in it, its practice of including concepts that have not been given specific notational locations in the system, its two methods of providing conceptual contexts for indexed terms (by means of the notation of the system and by the insertion of enhancement terms that portray conceptual context), and how the index has intersected with three types of special tables of categories in the system. Critical issues raised include the indexing of constructed or synthesized complex concepts, inconsistencies in how enhancement terms are portrayed and the absence of them in some instances, the problem of equating conceptual context with disciplinary context, and problems associated with not indexing one type of special table. Summary and conclusions are extended to problems that arise in studying the index.
- Footnote
- Beitrag in einem Themenheft "Moving beyond the presentation layer: content and context in the Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC) System"
- Source
- Cataloging and classification quarterly. 42(2006) nos.3/4, S.65-95
-
Bell, H.K.: Indexing biographies, and other stories of human lives (1992)
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- COMPASS
- Subject indexing
- Footnote
- Rez. in: Knowledge organization 22(1995) no.1, S.46-47 (R. Fugmann)
- Subject
- Subject indexing
-
Craven, T. C.: String indexing (1986)
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- Footnote
- Rez. in: International classification 15(1988) S.103-104 (W. Gödert); Journal of the American Society for Information Science (1988) S.435 (J.D. Anderson); Journal of documentation 43(1987) S. (R.F. Guy); Cataloging & classification quarterly 8(1987) S.140-141 (M.A. Kascus)
-
Hedden, H.: ¬The accidental taxonomist (2012)
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- LCSH
- Classification
Subject headings
- Subject
- Classification
Subject headings
-
Collins, F.H.; Robertson, M.: ¬The making of an index (1993)
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- Abstract
- Reprints of two early texts on indexing by Frederick Howard Collins: 'Making of an index' from the 2nd ed. of Charkes T. Jacobi's 'Some notes on books and printing: a guide for authors and others (1902)' and 'Subject indexes: some principles which underlie them' prepared for the Royal Society in 1986 for participants in a conference on an International Catalogue of Science. Michael Robertson has edited the texts and provides a background to them
-
Gratch, B.; Settel, B.; Atherton, P.: Characteristics of book indexes for subject retrieval in the humanities and social sciences (1978)
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- Source
- Indexer. 11(1978), S.14-22
-
Wellisch, H.H.: Book and periodical indexing (1994)
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- Abstract
- The indexing of both books and periodicals must fulfill certain basic functions, prescribed by national and international standards. Regarding the requirements of their indexing, verbal texts in the form of books and periodicals form a continuum ranging from books written by a single author (or a small team), books written by multiple authors, encyclopedias, periodical volumes, and articles in periodicals. Problems of indexing policy, indexing language, depth of indexing, author's names, titles, the physical form of indexes, and indexes to single volumes of periodicals and cumulative indexes are discussed. Large bibliographic databases do not use fully automatic indexing systems, which are incapable of fulfilling all basic indexing functions. Rather, they employ teams of indexers supported by automated indexing aids for the execution of clerical tasks, vocabulary control, and other assistance for the intellectual tasks performed by indexers. Electronic journals are unlikely to be indexed because of the instability of their texts. The principal features of verbal texts and their indexes are displayed schematically
-
Luhn, H.P.: Keyword-in-context index for technical literature (1985)
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- Abstract
- In the optimistic 1960s the potential of the computer seemed limitless. The realization of this potential in the area of information retrieval and dissemination owes much to the creative mind of Hans Peter Luhn. A pioneer of information science, he had a mind and an imagination that could transcend the state of the art. Luhn was born in Germany, where he studied technology, physics, and accounting. He came to the United States in 1924 and in 1941, at the age of 45, he joined IBM. In the course of his twenty-year tenure at IBM, he was issued over eighty patents; at one time he held more than any other IBM employee. Luhn is credited with originating KWIC indexes, computer selective dissemination systems (SDI), computer coding schemes, and statistical techniques for automatic indexing and abstracting. Also attributed to him is the first modern use of the word "thesaurus." The selection that follows modestly presents the idea of a Keyword in Context (KWIC) index. This is the idea of automatically identifying significant or "key" words and highlighting them in context. The context in question was normally a title. Though title term or catchword indexing had been practiced for over one hundred years, the implementation of the idea in mechanized systems in the 1960s was not trivial. It required programming the computer to recognize word boundaries and then developing a means for automatically differentiating significant from nonsignificant words. Spaces were used to demarcate word boundaries and a stop list, consisting of articles, conjunctions, prepositions, auxiliary verbs, some adjectives, and some very common words, was used to differentiate significant from nonsignificant words. A difficulty with any automatic indexing limited to extracting single words from texts is the semantic indeterminancy of the extracted character strings. To disambiguate these, Luhn adopted the concordance idea, proposing to display them in the context of their titles. Specifying the meaning of an index term by couching it in "context," anticipated the later development of string index languages such as PRECIS (PREserved Context Index System). Although the selection that follows is quite short, it presents, in addition to the idea of KWIC, what at the time were two innovative ideas. One is the distinction between the dissemination and the retrieval of information, in regard to which Luhn makes a point sometimes overlooked by modern critics of KWIC. This is that different purposes require different kinds of indexes; an index that is used to disseminate information for current awareness need not be as "perfect" as one used for retrospective information retrieval. The need to alert researchers to current information quickly, and the somewhat transitory character of this information, make KWIC, albeit quick and dirty, a costeffective alternative for dissemination indexes. The second harbinger idea is a method of uniquely identifying documents for retrieval using an identification code comprising the initial characters from a document's author, title, and - interestingly - year of publication. Luhn's mind was fertile indeed and he is aptly called a pioneer of information science.
- Source
- Theory of subject analysis: a sourcebook. Ed.: L.M. Chan, et al
-
Fetters, L.K.: ¬A guide to indexing software (1989)
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- Footnote
- Rez. in: International classification 18(1991) S.56 (R. Fugmann)
-
Software for Indexing (2003)
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- Footnote
- A chapter an image indexing starts with a useful discussion of the elements of bibliographic description needed for visual materials and of the variations in the functioning and naming of functions in different software packaltes. Sample features are discussed in light of four different software systems: MAVIS, Convera Screening Room, CONTENTdm, and Virage speech and pattern recognition programs. The chapter concludes with an overview of what one has to consider when choosing a system. The last chapter in this section is an oddball one an creating a back-ofthe-book index using Microsoft Excel. The author warns: "It is not pretty, and it is not recommended" (p.209). A curiosity, but it should have been included as a counterpoint in the first part, not as part of the database indexing section. The final section begins with an excellent article an voice recognition software (Dragon Naturally Speaking Preferred), followed by a look at "automatic indexing" through a critique of Sonar Bookends Automatic Indexing Generator. The final two chapters deal with Data Harmony's Machine Aided Indexer; one of them refers specifically to a news content indexing system. In terms of scope, this reviewer would have liked to see thesaurus management software included since thesaurus management and the integration of thesauri with database indexing software are common and time-consuming concerns. There are also a few editorial glitches, such as the placement of the oddball article and inconsistent uses of fonts and caps (eg: VIRAGE and Virage), but achieving consistency with this many authors is, indeed, a difficult task. More serious is the fact that the index is inconsistent. It reads as if authors submitted their own keywords which were then harmonized, so that the level of indexing varies by chapter. For example, there is an entry for "controlled vocabulary" (p.265) (singular) with one locator, no cross-references. There is an entry for "thesaurus software" (p.274) with two locators, plus a separate one for "Thesaurus Master" (p.274) with three locators. There are also references to thesauri/ controlled vocabularies/taxonomies that are not mentioned in the index (e.g., the section Thesaurus management an p.204). This is sad. All too often indexing texts have poor indexes, I suppose because we are as prone to having to work under time pressures as the rest of the authors and editors in the world. But a good index that meets basic criteria should be a highlight in any book related to indexing. Overall this is a useful, if uneven, collection of articles written over the past few years. Because of the great variation between articles both in subject and in approach, there is something for everyone. The collection will be interesting to anyone who wants to be aware of how indexing software works and what it can do. I also definitely recommend it for information science teaching collections since the explanations of the software carry implicit in them descriptions of how the indexing process itself is approached. However, the book's utility as a guide to purchasing choices is limited because of the unevenness; the vendor-written articles and testimonials are interesting and can certainly be helpful, but there are not nearly enough objective reviews. This is not a straight listing and comparison of software packaltes, but it deserves wide circulation since it presents an overall picture of the state of indexing software used by freelancers."
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Hodge, G.M.: Automated support to indexing (1992)
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- Footnote
- Rez. in: JASIS 44(1993) no.2, S.119-121 (B.H. Weinberg); International cataloguing and bibliographic control 22(1993) no.2, S.34 (E. Svenonius); Information processing and management 29(1993) no.4, S.528-531 (L.L.Hill)
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Garfield, E.: ¬The Permuterm Subject Index : an autobiographic review (1976)
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- Object
- Permuterm Subject Index
-
Wheatley, A.: ¬A manual on printed subject indexes : report to the British Library Research and Development Department on Project SI/G/243 (1978)
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- LCSH
- Subject cataloging
- Subject
- Subject cataloging
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Bell, H.K.: Indexing biographies, and other stories of human lives (1998)
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- COMPASS
- Subject indexing
- Subject
- Subject indexing
-
Valauskas, E.J.: Indexing magazines with bibliographic software on the Macintosh (1994)
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- Abstract
- EndNote Plus bibliographic software was used to create an index to the Apple Library users group Newsletter. Describes the newsletters and examines the software's use as an indexing program. Details how the indexing was carried out, and the creation of thesauri
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Bernier, C.L.: Subject indexes (1980)
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Keen, E.M.: On the generation and searching of entries in printed subject indexes (1977)
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-
Armitage, J.E.; Lynch, M.F.: Some structural characteristics of articulated subject indexes (1968)
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