-
Axelos, C.; Flasch, K.; Schepers, H.; Kuhlen, R.; Romberg, R.; Zimmermann, R.: Allgemeines/Besonderes (1971-2007)
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- Footnote
- DOI: 10.24894/HWPh.5033. Vgl. unter: https://www.schwabeonline.ch/schwabe-xaveropp/elibrary/start.xav#__elibrary__%2F%2F*%5B%40attr_id%3D%27verw.allgemeinesbesonderes%27%5D__1515856414979.
-
Klix, F.: ¬Die Natur des Verstandes (1992)
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- Abstract
- Das Buch gründet eine neue Evolutionspsychologie menschlicher Erkenntnis. Es baut auf der biologischen Evolutionstheorie auf und führt von angeborenem Verhalten über Lernen weiter zur Analyse menschlicher Intelligenzleistungen, bis hin zu Weisheit und Wahn. Historische Impulsgeber zur Steigerung geistiger Leistungen in der Geschichte werden in Zusammenhang mit Elementen der modernen Chaostheorie behandelt.õDas Buch wendet sich an alle, die an einem tiefergehenden Verständnis der Evolution menschlicher Erkenntnis interessiert sind: an Psychologen, Pädagogen, Philosophen und Biologen.
- Content
- Inhalt: Teil I: Genesis des menschlichen Verstandes Kapitel 1: Vom angeborenen Erkennen zum gedanklichen Vorausspiel Kapitel 2: Von der Prädiktion zur Produktion von Umweltereignissen in der Geschichte Teil II: Wahrnehmendes Erkennen Kapitel 3: Weltausschnitt und Wahrnehmungsbild Teil III: Architektur und Dynamik des menschlichen Verstandes Kapitel 4: Komponenten des geistigen Lebens 4.0. Strukturen und Operationen - Quellen geistiger Vorgänge 4.1. Begründung einer Ökologie der Gedächtnisfunktionen 4.2. Quasi-stationäre Komponenten des menschlichen Gedächtnisses 4.3. Denken in Begriffen 4.4. Höhere kognitive Prozesse
- Date
- 3. 3.2008 16:36:29
- Theme
- Information
-
Wille, R.: Denken in Begriffen : von der griechischen Philosophie bis zur Künstlichen Intelligenz heute (1993)
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- Abstract
- Mechanistisches Denken und seine maschinelle Umsetzung (insbesondere in komplexe Computersysteme) gefährdet heute zunehmend die kognitive Autonomie des Menschen. Seinen besonderen Ausdruck findet dieses Denken in den Zielen der Künstlichen Intelligenz, denen die Metapher des künstlichen Menschen zugrunde liegt. Um die Beschränktheit mechanistischen Denkens deutlich werden zu lassen, wird die Geschichte des Begriffs von der griechischen Antike bis heute in ihren wichtigsten Stationen dargelegt. Das macht insbesondere den inhaltlichen Verlust sichtbar, den einschränkende Formalisierungen des Begriffsdenkens mit sich bringen. Es wird dafür plädiert, die enge Verbindung von Inhaltlichem und Formalem im Begriffsdenken zu reaktivieren; hierzu wird dem machanistischen Weltbild entgegengestellt das Weltbild der menschlichen Kommunikationsgemeinschaft, für das kommunikatives Denken und Handeln konstitutiv ist
- Theme
- Information
Information
-
Thiel, C.: ¬Der klassische und der moderne Begriff des Begriffs : Gedanken zur Geschichte der Begriffsbildung in den exakten Wissenschaften (1994)
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- Source
- Information systems and data analysis: prospects - foundations - applications. Proc. of the 17th Annual Conference of the Gesellschaft für Klassifikation, Kaiserslautern, March 3-5, 1993. Ed.: H.-H. Bock et al
-
Gerstenkorn, A.: Informationsbezug zwischen Gemein- und Fachsprache : Zum gemein- und fachsprachlichen Wort "Tal" (2006)
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- Date
- 20. 8.2006 16:29:27
- Source
- Information - Wissenschaft und Praxis. 57(2006) H.5, S.259-267
-
Olson, H.A.: How we construct subjects : a feminist analysis (2007)
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- Abstract
- To organize information, librarians create structures. These structures grow from a logic that goes back at least as far as Aristotle. It is the basis of classification as we practice it, and thesauri and subject headings have developed from it. Feminist critiques of logic suggest that logic is gendered in nature. This article will explore how these critiques play out in contemporary standards for the organization of information. Our widely used classification schemes embody principles such as hierarchical force that conform to traditional/Aristotelian logic. Our subject heading strings follow a linear path of subdivision. Our thesauri break down subjects into discrete concepts. In thesauri and subject heading lists we privilege hierarchical relationships, reflected in the syndetic structure of broader and narrower terms, over all other relationships. Are our classificatory and syndetic structures gendered? Are there other options? Carol Gilligan's In a Different Voice (1982), Women's Ways of Knowing (Belenky, Clinchy, Goldberger, & Tarule, 1986), and more recent related research suggest a different type of structure for women's knowledge grounded in "connected knowing." This article explores current and potential elements of connected knowing in subject access with a focus on the relationships, both paradigmatic and syntagmatic, between concepts.
- Content
- Beitrag in einem Themenheft 'Gender Issues in Information Needs and Services'.
- Date
- 11.12.2019 19:00:22
-
Marradi, A.: ¬The concept of concept : concepts and terms (2012)
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- Date
- 22. 1.2012 13:11:25
- Source
- Knowledge organization. 39(2012) no.1, S.29-54
-
Schantz, R.: Sinnliche versus begriffliche Repräsentation (1998)
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- Date
- 5.10.2001 13:29:15
- Theme
- Information
-
Gnoli, C.: Progress in synthetic classification : towards unique definition of concepts (2007)
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- Content
- Beitrag anlässlich: Proceedings of the International Seminar "Information access for the global community", 4-5 June 2007, The Hague. - Vgl.: http://www.udcc.org/seminar07/presentations/gnoli.pdf.
- Source
- Extensions and corrections to the UDC. 29(2007), S.167-182
-
Jouis, C.: Logic of relationships (2002)
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- Date
- 1.12.2002 11:12:22
- Series
- Information science and knowledge management; vol.3
-
Cabré, M.T.: Do we need an autonomous theory of terms? (1999)
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- Date
- 5. 8.2001 13:29:43
-
Bivins, K.T.: Concept formation : the evidence from experimental psychology and linguistics and its relationship to information science (1980)
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- Source
- Theory and application of information research. Proc. of the 2nd Int. Research Forum on Information Science, 3.-6.8.1977, Copenhagen. Ed.: O. Harbo u. L. Kajberg
-
Thellefsen, M.M.; Thellefsen, T.; Sørensen, B.: Information as signs : a semiotic analysis of the information concept, determining its ontological and epistemological foundations (2018)
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- Abstract
- The purpose of this paper is to formulate an analytical framework for the information concept based on the semiotic theory. Design/methodology/approach The paper is motivated by the apparent controversy that still surrounds the information concept. Information, being a key concept within LIS, suffers from being anchored in various incompatible theories. The paper suggests that information is signs, and it demonstrates how the concept of information can be understood within C.S. Peirce's phenomenologically rooted semiotic. Hence, from there, certain ontological conditions as well epistemological consequences of the information concept can be deduced. Findings The paper argues that an understanding of information, as either objective or subjective/discursive, leads to either objective reductionism and signal processing, that fails to explain how information becomes meaningful at all, or conversely, information is understood only relative to subjective/discursive intentions, agendas, etc. To overcome the limitations of defining information as either objective or subjective/discursive, a semiotic analysis shows that information understood as signs is consistently sensitive to both objective and subjective/discursive features of information. It is consequently argued that information as concept should be defined in relation to ontological conditions having certain epistemological consequences. Originality/value The paper presents an analytical framework, derived from semiotics, that adds to the developments of the philosophical dimensions of information within LIS.
- Theme
- Information
-
Kageura, K.: Theories of terminology : a quest for a framework for the study of term formation (1999)
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- Date
- 5. 8.2001 13:29:54
-
Dahlberg, I.: ¬Die gegenstandsbezogene, analytische Begriffstheorie und ihre Definitionsarten (1987)
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- Pages
- S.9-22
-
Bonnevie, E.: Dretske's semantic information theory and meta-theories in library and information science (2001)
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- Abstract
- This article presents the semantic information theory, formulated by the philosopher Fred I. Dretske, as a contribution to the discussion of metatheories and their practical implications in the field of library and information science. Dretske's theory is described in Knowledge and the flow of information. It is founded on mathematical communication theory but developed and elaborated into a cognitive, functionalistic theory, is individually oriented, and deals with the content of information. The topics are: the information process from perception to cognition, and how concept formation takes place in terms of digitisation. Other important issues are the concepts of information and knowledge, truth and meaning. Semantic information theory can be used as a frame of reference in order to explain, clarify and refute concepts currently used in library and information science, and as the basis for critical reviews of elements of the cognitive viewpoint in IR, primarily the notion of "potential information". The main contribution of the theory lies in a clarification of concepts, but there are still problems regarding the practical applications. More research is needed to combine philosophical discussions with the practice of information and library science.
- Theme
- Information
-
Hetzler, B.: Visual analysis and exploration of relationships (2002)
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- Abstract
- Relationships can provide a rich and powerful set of information and can be used to accomplish application goals, such as information retrieval and natural language processing. A growing trend in the information science community is the use of information visualization-taking advantage of people's natural visual capabilities to perceive and understand complex information. This chapter explores how visualization and visual exploration can help users gain insight from known relationships and discover evidence of new relationships not previously anticipated.
- Series
- Information science and knowledge management; vol.3
-
Khoo, C.; Myaeng, S.H.: Identifying semantic relations in text for information retrieval and information extraction (2002)
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- Abstract
- Automatic identification of semantic relations in text is a difficult problem, but is important for many applications. It has been used for relation matching in information retrieval to retrieve documents that contain not only the concepts but also the relations between concepts specified in the user's query. It is an integral part of information extraction-extracting from natural language text, facts or pieces of information related to a particular event or topic. Other potential applications are in the construction of relational thesauri (semantic networks of related concepts) and other kinds of knowledge bases, and in natural language processing applications such as machine translation and computer comprehension of text. This chapter examines the main methods used for identifying semantic relations automatically and their application in information retrieval and information extraction.
- Series
- Information science and knowledge management; vol.3
-
Grandt, J.: Vom Gebrauch der Worte (2017)
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- Date
- 28. 2.2017 13:29:03
-
Wilbert, R.: Assoziative Begriffsrepräsentation in neuronalen Netzwerken : Zur Problematik eines assoziativen Zugriffs in Information Retrieval Systemen (1991)
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