-
Graphic details : a scientific study of the importance of diagrams to science (2016)
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- Content
- Bill Howe and his colleagues at the University of Washington, in Seattle, decided to find out. First, they trained a computer algorithm to distinguish between various sorts of figures-which they defined as diagrams, equations, photographs, plots (such as bar charts and scatter graphs) and tables. They exposed their algorithm to between 400 and 600 images of each of these types of figure until it could distinguish them with an accuracy greater than 90%. Then they set it loose on the more-than-650,000 papers (containing more than 10m figures) stored on PubMed Central, an online archive of biomedical-research articles. To measure each paper's influence, they calculated its article-level Eigenfactor score-a modified version of the PageRank algorithm Google uses to provide the most relevant results for internet searches. Eigenfactor scoring gives a better measure than simply noting the number of times a paper is cited elsewhere, because it weights citations by their influence. A citation in a paper that is itself highly cited is worth more than one in a paper that is not.
As the team describe in a paper posted (http://arxiv.org/abs/1605.04951) on arXiv, they found that figures did indeed matter-but not all in the same way. An average paper in PubMed Central has about one diagram for every three pages and gets 1.67 citations. Papers with more diagrams per page and, to a lesser extent, plots per page tended to be more influential (on average, a paper accrued two more citations for every extra diagram per page, and one more for every extra plot per page). By contrast, including photographs and equations seemed to decrease the chances of a paper being cited by others. That agrees with a study from 2012, whose authors counted (by hand) the number of mathematical expressions in over 600 biology papers and found that each additional equation per page reduced the number of citations a paper received by 22%. This does not mean that researchers should rush to include more diagrams in their next paper. Dr Howe has not shown what is behind the effect, which may merely be one of correlation, rather than causation. It could, for example, be that papers with lots of diagrams tend to be those that illustrate new concepts, and thus start a whole new field of inquiry. Such papers will certainly be cited a lot. On the other hand, the presence of equations really might reduce citations. Biologists (as are most of those who write and read the papers in PubMed Central) are notoriously mathsaverse. If that is the case, looking in a physics archive would probably produce a different result.
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Leydesdorff, L.; Persson, O.: Mapping the geography of science : distribution patterns and networks of relations among cities and institutes (2010)
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- Abstract
- Using Google Earth, Google Maps, and/or network visualization programs such as Pajek, one can overlay the network of relations among addresses in scientific publications onto the geographic map. The authors discuss the pros and cons of various options, and provide software (freeware) for bridging existing gaps between the Science Citation Indices (Thomson Reuters) and Scopus (Elsevier), on the one hand, and these various visualization tools on the other. At the level of city names, the global map can be drawn reliably on the basis of the available address information. At the level of the names of organizations and institutes, there are problems of unification both in the ISI databases and with Scopus. Pajek enables a combination of visualization and statistical analysis, whereas the Google Maps and its derivatives provide superior tools on the Internet.
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Lin, F.-T.: Drawing a knowledge map of smart city knowledge in academia (2019)
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- Abstract
- This research takes the academic articles in the Web of Science's core collection database as a corpus to draw a series of knowledge maps, to explore the relationships, connectivity, dis-tribution, and evolution among their keywords with respect to smart cities in the last decade. Beyond just drawing a text cloud or measuring their sizes, we further explore their texture by iden-tifying the hottest keywords in academic articles, construct links between and among them that share common keywords, identify islands, rocks, reefs that are formed by connected articles-a metaphor inspired by Ong et al. (2005)-and analyze trends in their evolution. We found the following phenomena: 1) "Internet of Things" is the most frequently mentioned keyword in recent research articles; 2) the numbers of islands and reefs are increas-ing; 3) the evolutions of the numbers of weighted links have frac-tal-like structure; and, 4) the coverage of the largest rock, formed by articles that share a common keyword, in the largest island is converging into around 10% to 20%. These phenomena imply that a common interest in the technology of smart cities has been emerging among researchers. However, the administrative, social, economic, and cultural issues need more attention in academia in the future.
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Platis, N. et al.: Visualization of uncertainty in tag clouds (2016)
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- Date
- 1. 2.2016 18:25:22
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Börner, K.: Atlas of knowledge : anyone can map (2015)
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- Date
- 22. 1.2017 16:54:03
22. 1.2017 17:10:56
-
Soylu, A.; Giese, M.; Jimenez-Ruiz, E.; Kharlamov, E.; Zheleznyakov, D.; Horrocks, I.: Towards exploiting query history for adaptive ontology-based visual query formulation (2014)
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- Source
- Metadata and semantics research: 8th Research Conference, MTSR 2014, Karlsruhe, Germany, November 27-29, 2014, Proceedings. Eds.: S. Closs et al
-
Osinska, V.; Bala, P.: New methods for visualization and improvement of classification schemes : the case of computer science (2010)
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- Date
- 22. 7.2010 19:36:46
-
Jäger-Dengler-Harles, I.: Informationsvisualisierung und Retrieval im Fokus der Infromationspraxis (2013)
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- Date
- 4. 2.2015 9:22:39
-
Osiñska, V.: Visual analysis of classification scheme (2010)
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- Date
- 6. 1.2011 19:29:12
-
Mercun, T.; Zumer, M.; Aalberg, T.: Presenting bibliographic families : Designing an FRBR-based prototype using information visualization (2016)
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- Date
- 15. 4.2016 14:29:41
-
Wen, B.; Horlings, E.; Zouwen, M. van der; Besselaar, P. van den: Mapping science through bibliometric triangulation : an experimental approach applied to water research (2017)
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- Date
- 16.11.2017 13:29:12
-
Wu, K.-C.; Hsieh, T.-Y.: Affective choosing of clustering and categorization representations in e-book interfaces (2016)
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- Date
- 20. 1.2015 18:30:22
-
Wu, I.-C.; Vakkari, P.: Effects of subject-oriented visualization tools on search by novices and intermediates (2018)
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- Date
- 9.12.2018 16:22:25
-
Osinska, V.; Kowalska, M.; Osinski, Z.: ¬The role of visualization in the shaping and exploration of the individual information space : part 1 (2018)
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- Date
- 21.12.2018 17:22:13
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Wu, I.-C.; Vakkari, P.: Supporting navigation in Wikipedia by information visualization : extended evaluation measures (2014)
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- Date
- 8. 4.2015 16:20:29
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Batorowska, H.; Kaminska-Czubala, B.: Information retrieval support : visualisation of the information space of a document (2014)
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- Source
- Knowledge organization in the 21st century: between historical patterns and future prospects. Proceedings of the Thirteenth International ISKO Conference 19-22 May 2014, Kraków, Poland. Ed.: Wieslaw Babik
