-
Smet, E. de: Evaluation of a computerised community information system through transaction analysis and user survey (1995)
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- Abstract
- Reports on the results of a transaction analysis and user survey, evaluating a pilot system for computerized community information in a public library, based on the GDIS system (Gemeenschaps Informatie Documentair System). The non hierarchical and global approach to the integrated database proved to be useful for novice users. Out of many parameters only frequency of use correlates with retrieval success. The online questionnaire proved to be worthwhile although restricted in scope. The logbook transaction analysis yielded a rich amount of useful management information for the systems managers. The user survey yielded a rich set of data on which to perform statistical analyses according to social science practice, from which some interesting relations could be detected
- Date
- 23.10.1995 19:22:11
-
Armour, J.; Cisler, S.: Community networks on the Internet (1994)
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- Abstract
- Community networks have existed since the 1970s when Community Memory in Berkeley, Californis, installed terminals in public places for people to read and post material of all sorts on a centralised time sharing system. Community Memory was the first known community access network. Several foundations and government agencies have funded community networks, known as freenets. Discusses the freenet movement; library involvement; the Apple Library of Tomorrow and the Morino Foundation conference on community networks and how to keep in touch with community network developments
- Source
- Library journal. 119(1994) no.11, S.22-24
-
Tenopir, C.: Reference services from RLG (1995)
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- Abstract
- Describes the variety of search services supporting library reference functions offered by the RLG in the USA. The best known of these is RLIN, the massive bibliographic database and related services originally developed for shared cataloguing. In the last few years RLG has added CitaDel, an online search system that provides access to indexing/abstracting databases; and Zephyr, a Z39.50 server that amkes the RLIN and CitaDel databases searchable through a library's online catalogue. RLG also offers document delivery connections, including Ariel and Internet based document delivery software, for a full complement of online reference support for academic and public libraries
- Date
- 25.11.1995 19:22:01
-
Schaefer, M.T.: Internet information retrieval for libraries : four keys & sites that use them (1998)
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- Abstract
- Provides illustrative examples of the methods, tools and resources that enable librarians, information specialists and end users to make the most of the WWW. The 4 key factors that facilitate access are location, evaluation, organization and communication. Outlines how a number of sistes make use of these factors. Describes: the Internet Library for Librarians, Argus Clearinghouse's Digital Librarian's Award; FEDSTATS, the University Library System, chines University of Hong Kong, the WWW Virtual Library, the Finnish Virtual Library Project, and BIBNET
- Date
- 22. 2.1999 13:19:44
-
Krause, P.: Aufbruch in die Wissensgesellschaft : Wissenschaftliche Information in Deutschland (2003)
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- Abstract
- 25 Jahre DGI-Online-Tagung sind eine stolze Leistung. In dieser Zeit ist diese Tagung der DGI zu einer festen Größe in der Informationswissenschaft und Informationswirtschaft geworden. Ein solches Jubiläum ist natürlich auch Motiv für einen kleinen Rückblick ebenso wie für den Ausblick in die Zukunft. Lassen Sie mich beginnen mit einem Rückblick auf die Entwicklungen in der Informationstechnik und der Fachinformationspolitik, die uns das Ausmaß des Wandels im Laufe eines Vierteljahrhunderts verdeutlichen. - 25 Jahre Wandel - 1978 erlebten wir, ohne es wirklich abschätzen zu können, die Entstehung des Markts für Personal Computer und zugleich die Genese eines herstellerunabhängigen, globalen Computernetzwerks, also die Keimzellen der PC- und Internetrevolution. Erste Mikrocomputer wie der Apple 2, der Commodore PET u.a. kamen auf den Markt und erreichten erstmals hohe Stückzahlen. Das was wir heute als Internet kennen, nahm Gestalt an durch die Herausbildung der heute noch gültigen Internetprotokolle TCP/IP, die aber erst 1981 zum offiziellen Standard wurden. Auch informationspolitisch bahnte sich vor 25 Jahren ein Wandel an. Die Bundesregierung hatte die ersten Fachinformationszentren gegründet mit dem Ziel, die sehr verstreut gesammelten Informationen und Daten unterschiedlicher wissenschaftlicher Institutionen zu bündeln. Es gab zum ersten Mal einen systematischen Aufbau von fachlichen Informationseinrichtungen. Mit der Verbesserung der Informationsdienstleistungen sollten die Effektivität und Produktivität der Forschungs- und Entwicklungsarbeit erhöht und Innovationen beschleunigt werden. Es entstand ein elektronischer Fachinformationsmarkt. Technisch stehen wir heute vor einem Entwicklungsschritt, bei dem die Kommunikation Maschine-Maschine die Kommunikation von Mensch zu Maschine weitgehend ablöst. Die Bandbreite der Kommunikationsnetze, die enormen Rechnerleistungen, die vor allem durch die neuen Formen verteilten Rechnens möglich sind, die Vernetzung von Datenbanken, die zunehmende Nutzung der Internettechnologien, der multimedialen Inhalte und der mobilen Kommunikation, lassen Oualitätssprünge in den wissenschaftlichen Anwendungen erwarten. Computer, Internet und Fachinformation haben sich in den letzten 25 Jahren dynamisch weiterentwickelt. Damals ging es darum, das exponentielle Wachstum wissenschaftlicher Publikationen zu strukturieren und in den Griff zu bekommen. Heute geht es darum, die ins Unermessliche gewachsenen Datenmengen zu strukturieren und vernetzt zugänglich zu machen. Damit sind neue Anwendungen zu realisieren, die man sich bisher kaum vorstellen konnte. Heute ist es möglich, Forschung und Lehre mit elektronischen Arbeitsumgebungen zu unterstützen, in denen Kommunikation, Information, Daten, Experimente, E-Learning-Module u.a. räumlich verteilt organisiert werden können. Das Internet und die elektronischen Medien verlangen, dass über die Gestaltung der Wissensversorgung unserer Gesellschaft in einem globalen Umfeld neu nachgedacht werden muss.
-
Lin, S.-j.; Belkin, N.: Validation of a model of information seeking over multiple search sessions (2005)
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- Abstract
- Most information systems share a common assumption: information seeking is discrete. Such an assumption neither reflects real-life information seeking processes nor conforms to the perspective of phenomenology, "life is a journey constituted by continuous acquisition of knowledge." Thus, this study develops and validates a theoretical model that explains successive search experience for essentially the same information problem. The proposed model is called Multiple Information Seeking Episodes (MISE), which consists of four dimensions: problematic situation, information problem, information seeking process, episodes. Eight modes of multiple information seeking episodes are identified and specified with properties of the four dimensions of MISE. The results partially validate MISE by finding that the original MISE model is highly accurate, but less sufficient in characterizing successive searches; all factors in the MISE model are empirically confirmed, but new factors are identified as weIl. The revised MISE model is shifted from the user-centered to the interaction-centered perspective, taking into account factors of searcher, system, search activity, search context, information attainment, and information use activities.
- Date
- 10. 4.2005 14:52:22
-
Smith, C.L.; Matteson, M.L.: Information literacy in the age of machines that learn : desiderata for machines that teach (2018)
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- Abstract
- With the use of machine learning and other advances, modern information search systems make it easy for searchers to access information to meet their most frequent information needs. Building from Kuhlthau's concepts of exploration and differentiating, this article argues that along with the benefits of greater accessibility, these advances impede the development of information literacy, conceptualized as processes for planning, accessing, judging and communicating information. It is argued that information literacy emerges during interaction with search systems and modern system designs hide or render unworkable the contextual information needed for the judgment processes of information literacy. In response to these concerns, the article contributes desiderata for new designs that facilitate the discovery, navigation and use of context information.
- Date
- 16. 3.2019 14:33:22
-
Kim, J.: Describing and predicting information-seeking behavior on the Web (2009)
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- Abstract
- This study focuses on the task as a fundamental factor in the context of information seeking. The purpose of the study is to characterize kinds of tasks and to examine how different kinds of task give rise to different kinds of information-seeking behavior on the Web. For this, a model for information-seeking behavior was used employing dimensions of information-seeking strategies (ISS), which are based on several behavioral dimensions. The analysis of strategies was based on data collected through an experiment designed to observe users' behaviors. Three tasks were assigned to 30 graduate students and data were collected using questionnaires, search logs, and interviews. The qualitative and quantitative analysis of the data identified 14 distinct information-seeking strategies. The analysis showed significant differences in the frequencies and patterns of ISS employed between three tasks. The results of the study are intended to facilitate the development of task-based information-seeking models and to further suggest Web information system designs that support the user's diverse tasks.
- Date
- 22. 3.2009 18:54:15
-
Wildemuth, B.M.; Cogdill, K.; Friedman, C.P.: ¬The transition from formalized need to compromised need in the context of clinical problem solving : opportunities and possible problems for information use studies of health professionals (1999)
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- Abstract
- Almost 30 years ago, Taylor (1968) postulated that each information need moves along a continuum from the visceral need through the compromised need. The current study examines the final transition in this continuum: from formalized need (expressed in an explicit verbal statement) to compromised need (represented in the language of the retrieval system). This transition is primarily concerned with vocabulary: the searcher attempts to translate an explicit statement of need into a search term (or terms) that can be interpreted by the retrieval system. A few studies have empirically examined the match between the end-user searcher's formalized need and the compromised need (i.e., search terms). Markey (1984) compared the searcher's expressed topic (the formalized need, expressed in just a few words) and the search terms (the compromised need), and then went on to compare the search terms with the library catalog terms available for subject searching. She found that the search term matched or was a partial form of the expressed topic in 71% of the searches, and that over 75% of these searches matched a catalog term. Allen (1991) examined the relationship between logical reasoning ability and selection of search terms. He asked college students to read a magazine article (which could be seen as a very rich statement of the formalized need) and then to perform a search for articles on the same topic (expressing the compromised need).
- Date
- 22. 3.2002 8:54:11
-
Lercher, A.: Efficiency of scientific communication : a survey of world science (2010)
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- Abstract
- The aim of this study was to measure the efficiency of the system by which scientists worldwide communicate results to each other, providing one measure of the degree to which the system, including all media, functions well. A randomly selected and representative sample of 246 active research scientists worldwide was surveyed. The main measure was the reported rate of "late finds": scientific literature that would have been useful to scientists' projects if it had been found at the beginning of these projects. The main result was that 46% of the sample reported late finds (±6.25%, p0.05). Among respondents from European Union countries or other countries classified as "high income" by the World Bank, 42% reported late finds. Among respondents from low- and middle-income countries, 56% reported late finds. The 42% rate in high-income countries in 2009 can be compared with results of earlier surveys by Martyn (1964a, b, 1987). These earlier surveys found a rate of 22% late finds in 1963-1964 and a rate of 27% in 1985-1986. Respondents were also queried about search habits, but this study failed to support any explanations for this increase in the rate of late finds. This study also permits a crude estimate of the cost in time and money of the increase in late finds.
-
Pettigrew, K.E.: Agents of information : the role of community health nurses in linking the elderly with local resources by providing human services information (1999)
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- Abstract
- In Canada, as in many other developed countries, the elderly are the fastest growing segment of the population (Moore & Rosenberg, 1997), and are considered to have substantial needs for human services due to the physical, psychological, emotional and social changes associated with aging (Bull, 1994; Hales-Mabry, 1993; Harel, el al., 1990; Levinson, 1996; Pelly, 1992; Tinker, 1992; Wenger, 1992). Shorter hospital stays and other cutbacks in the healthcare system have also contributed to increased need for human services. Yet, the elderly are typically counted among society's "information poor" (Childers, 1975; Nauratil, 1985). While community-based human services such as healthcare, income support, transportation, and recreation programs can help the elderly recover from illness and continue living in their own homes, research shows that they are largely unaware of existing services, that they experience difficulties in expressing their needs and negotiating the human services web, and that many go without needed help (Ontario Ministry of Culture & Communications, 1991). Surprisingly little is known, however, from empirically-based research about how seniors communicate their needs for HSI and how HSI helps them cope with daily problems. While an in-depth review of the literature on the information behaviour of the elderly is provided in Pettigrew (1997b), the literature to-date can be characterized as suffering from the same weakness identified by Zweizig and Dervin (1977) in their survey of the library literature in that it is primarily composed of use studies and user studies.
- Date
- 22. 3.2002 8:56:51
-
Lee, C.P.; Trace, C.B.: ¬The role of information in a community of hobbyist collectors (2009)
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- Abstract
- This article marries the study of serious leisure pursuits with library and information science's (LIS) interest in people's everyday use, need, seeking, and sharing of information. Using a qualitative approach, the role of information as a phenomenon was examined in relation to the leisure activity of hobbyist collecting. In the process, a model and a typology for these collectors were developed. We find that the information needs and information seeking of hobbyist collectors is best represented as an interrelationship between information and object needs, information sources, and interactions between collectors and their publics. Our model of the role of information in a particular domain of hobbyist collecting moves away from the idea of one individual seeking information from formal systems and shifts towards a model that takes seriously the social milieu of a community. This collecting community represents a layer of a social system with complex interactions and specialized information needs that vary across collector types. Only the serious collectors habitually engage in information seeking and, occasionally, in information dissemination, in the traditional sense, yet information flows through the community and serves as a critical resource for sustaining individual and communal collecting activities.
- Date
- 22. 3.2009 18:01:49
-
Fidel, R: Human information interaction : an ecological approach to information behavior (2012)
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- RSWK
- Informationsverhalten / Information Retrieval / Mensch-Maschine-Kommunikation
- Subject
- Informationsverhalten / Information Retrieval / Mensch-Maschine-Kommunikation
-
Bailey, C.W.: ¬The Index Expert System : a knowledge-based system to assist users in index selection (1989)
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-
Gunning, K.: ¬The intelligent reference information system : the effect on public services of implementing a CD-RON LAN and expert system (1992)
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-
Harnack, A. von: ¬Die Auskunftserteilung als bibliothekarische Aufgabe (1940)
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- Source
- Zentralblatt für Bibliothekswesen. 57(1940), S.16-22
-
Thun, H.-P.: "At your fingertip"? : Auskunfts- und Informationsdienst bei uns noch Entwicklungsland (1970)
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- Source
- Bücherei und Bildung. 22(1970), S.63-71
-
Jonzeck, M.: ¬Die Aktivierung, Verbesserung und Neuorientierung der Informationstätigkeit der allgemeinen öffentlichen Bibliotheken (1965)
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- Source
- Bibliothekar. 19(1965), S.15-22
-
Metz, A.: Community service : a bibliography (1996)
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- Date
- 17.10.1996 14:22:33
-
Information brokers and reference services (1989)
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- Series
- Reference librarian; no.22
