Search (25 results, page 1 of 2)

  • × author_ss:"Gnoli, C."
  1. Gnoli, C.; Mei, H.: Freely faceted classification for Web-based information retrieval (2006) 0.01
    0.010054589 = product of:
      0.046921417 = sum of:
        0.016133383 = weight(_text_:system in 534) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.016133383 = score(doc=534,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.07727166 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.1495528 = idf(docFreq=5152, maxDocs=44218)
              0.02453417 = queryNorm
            0.20878783 = fieldWeight in 534, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              3.1495528 = idf(docFreq=5152, maxDocs=44218)
              0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=534)
        0.0050120843 = weight(_text_:information in 534) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.0050120843 = score(doc=534,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.04306919 = queryWeight, product of:
              1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
              0.02453417 = queryNorm
            0.116372846 = fieldWeight in 534, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
              0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=534)
        0.025775949 = weight(_text_:retrieval in 534) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.025775949 = score(doc=534,freq=6.0), product of:
            0.07421378 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.024915 = idf(docFreq=5836, maxDocs=44218)
              0.02453417 = queryNorm
            0.34732026 = fieldWeight in 534, product of:
              2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
                6.0 = termFreq=6.0
              3.024915 = idf(docFreq=5836, maxDocs=44218)
              0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=534)
      0.21428572 = coord(3/14)
    
    Abstract
    In free classification, each concept is expressed by a constant notation, and classmarks are formed by free combinations of them, allowing the retrieval of records from a database by searching any of the component concepts. A refinement of free classification is freely faceted classification, where notation can include facets, expressing the kind of relations held between the concepts. The Integrative Level Classification project aims at testing free and freely faceted classification by applying them to small bibliographical samples in various domains. A sample, called the Dandelion Bibliography of Facet Analysis, is described here. Experience was gained using this system to classify 300 specialized papers dealing with facet analysis itself recorded on a MySQL database and building a Web interface exploiting freely faceted notation. The interface is written in PHP and uses string functions to process the queries and to yield relevant results selected and ordered according to the principles of integrative levels.
    Theme
    Klassifikationssysteme im Online-Retrieval
  2. Gnoli, C.; Pusterla, L.; Bendiscioli, A.; Recinella, C.: Classification for collections mapping and query expansion (2016) 0.01
    0.0062660035 = product of:
      0.043862022 = sum of:
        0.022816047 = weight(_text_:system in 3102) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.022816047 = score(doc=3102,freq=4.0), product of:
            0.07727166 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.1495528 = idf(docFreq=5152, maxDocs=44218)
              0.02453417 = queryNorm
            0.29527056 = fieldWeight in 3102, product of:
              2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                4.0 = termFreq=4.0
              3.1495528 = idf(docFreq=5152, maxDocs=44218)
              0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3102)
        0.021045974 = weight(_text_:retrieval in 3102) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.021045974 = score(doc=3102,freq=4.0), product of:
            0.07421378 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.024915 = idf(docFreq=5836, maxDocs=44218)
              0.02453417 = queryNorm
            0.2835858 = fieldWeight in 3102, product of:
              2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                4.0 = termFreq=4.0
              3.024915 = idf(docFreq=5836, maxDocs=44218)
              0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3102)
      0.14285715 = coord(2/14)
    
    Abstract
    Dewey Decimal Classification has been used to organize materials owned by the three scientific libraries at the University of Pavia, and to allow integrated browsing in their union catalogue through SciGator, a home built web-based user interface. Classification acts as a bridge between collections located in different places and shelved according to different local schemes. Furthermore, cross-discipline relationships recorded in the system allow for expanded queries that increase recall. Advantages and possible improvements of such a system are discussed.
    Theme
    Klassifikationssysteme im Online-Retrieval
    Semantisches Umfeld in Indexierung u. Retrieval
  3. Gnoli, C.; Merli, G.; Pavan, G.; Bernuzzi, E.; Priano, M.: Freely faceted classification for a Web-based bibliographic archive : the BioAcoustic Reference Database (2010) 0.01
    0.005556713 = product of:
      0.025931327 = sum of:
        0.013444485 = weight(_text_:system in 3739) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.013444485 = score(doc=3739,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.07727166 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.1495528 = idf(docFreq=5152, maxDocs=44218)
              0.02453417 = queryNorm
            0.17398985 = fieldWeight in 3739, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              3.1495528 = idf(docFreq=5152, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=3739)
        0.004176737 = weight(_text_:information in 3739) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.004176737 = score(doc=3739,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.04306919 = queryWeight, product of:
              1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
              0.02453417 = queryNorm
            0.09697737 = fieldWeight in 3739, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=3739)
        0.008310104 = product of:
          0.016620208 = sum of:
            0.016620208 = weight(_text_:22 in 3739) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
              0.016620208 = score(doc=3739,freq=2.0), product of:
                0.085914485 = queryWeight, product of:
                  3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
                  0.02453417 = queryNorm
                0.19345059 = fieldWeight in 3739, product of:
                  1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                    2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                  3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
                  0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=3739)
          0.5 = coord(1/2)
      0.21428572 = coord(3/14)
    
    Abstract
    The Integrative Level Classification (ILC) research project is experimenting with a knowledge organization system based on phenomena rather than disciplines. Each phenomenon has a constant notation, which can be combined with that of any other phenomenon in a freely faceted structure. Citation order can express differential focality of the facets. Very specific subjects can have long classmarks, although their complexity is reduced by various devices. Freely faceted classification is being tested by indexing a corpus of about 3300 papers in the interdisciplinary domain of bioacoustics. The subjects of these papers often include phenomena from a wide variety of integrative levels (mechanical waves, animals, behaviour, vessels, fishing, law, ...) as well as information about the methods of study, as predicted in the León Manifesto. The archive is recorded in a MySQL database, and can be fed and searched through PHP Web interfaces. Indexer's work is made easier by mechanisms that suggest possible classes on the basis of matching title words with terms in the ILC schedules, and synthesize automatically the verbal caption corresponding to the classmark being edited. Users can search the archive by selecting and combining values in each facet. Search refinement should be improved, especially for the cases where no record, or too many records, match the faceted query. However, experience is being gained progressively, showing that freely faceted classification by phenomena, theories, and methods is feasible and successfully working.
    Source
    Wissensspeicher in digitalen Räumen: Nachhaltigkeit - Verfügbarkeit - semantische Interoperabilität. Proceedings der 11. Tagung der Deutschen Sektion der Internationalen Gesellschaft für Wissensorganisation, Konstanz, 20. bis 22. Februar 2008. Hrsg.: J. Sieglerschmidt u. H.P.Ohly
  4. Almeida, P. de; Gnoli, C.: Fiction in a phenomenon-based classification (2021) 0.00
    0.0044307336 = product of:
      0.031015133 = sum of:
        0.016133383 = weight(_text_:system in 712) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.016133383 = score(doc=712,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.07727166 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.1495528 = idf(docFreq=5152, maxDocs=44218)
              0.02453417 = queryNorm
            0.20878783 = fieldWeight in 712, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              3.1495528 = idf(docFreq=5152, maxDocs=44218)
              0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=712)
        0.014881751 = weight(_text_:retrieval in 712) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.014881751 = score(doc=712,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.07421378 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.024915 = idf(docFreq=5836, maxDocs=44218)
              0.02453417 = queryNorm
            0.20052543 = fieldWeight in 712, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              3.024915 = idf(docFreq=5836, maxDocs=44218)
              0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=712)
      0.14285715 = coord(2/14)
    
    Abstract
    In traditional classification, fictional works are indexed only by their form, genre, and language, while their subject content is believed to be irrelevant. However, recent research suggests that this may not be the best approach. We tested indexing of a small sample of selected fictional works by Integrative Levels Classification (ILC2), a freely faceted system based on phenomena instead of disciplines and considered the structure of the resulting classmarks. Issues in the process of subject analysis, such as selection of relevant vs. non-relevant themes and citation order of relevant ones, are identified and discussed. Some phenomena that are covered in scholarly literature can also be identified as relevant themes in fictional literature and expressed in classmarks. This can allow for hybrid search and retrieval systems covering both fiction and nonfiction, which will result in better leveraging of the knowledge contained in fictional works.
  5. Lardera, M.; Gnoli, C.; Rolandi, C.; Trzmielewski, M.: Developing SciGator, a DDC-based library browsing tool (2017) 0.00
    0.0035505537 = product of:
      0.024853874 = sum of:
        0.014881751 = weight(_text_:retrieval in 4144) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.014881751 = score(doc=4144,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.07421378 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.024915 = idf(docFreq=5836, maxDocs=44218)
              0.02453417 = queryNorm
            0.20052543 = fieldWeight in 4144, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              3.024915 = idf(docFreq=5836, maxDocs=44218)
              0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=4144)
        0.009972124 = product of:
          0.019944249 = sum of:
            0.019944249 = weight(_text_:22 in 4144) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
              0.019944249 = score(doc=4144,freq=2.0), product of:
                0.085914485 = queryWeight, product of:
                  3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
                  0.02453417 = queryNorm
                0.23214069 = fieldWeight in 4144, product of:
                  1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                    2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                  3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
                  0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=4144)
          0.5 = coord(1/2)
      0.14285715 = coord(2/14)
    
    Content
    Beitrag eines Special Issue: ISKO-Italy: 8' Incontro ISKO Italia, Università di Bologna, 22 maggio 2017, Bologna, Italia.
    Theme
    Klassifikationssysteme im Online-Retrieval
  6. Gnoli, C.: Naturalism vs pragmatism in knowledge organization (2004) 0.00
    0.0031385582 = product of:
      0.021969907 = sum of:
        0.0070881573 = weight(_text_:information in 2663) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.0070881573 = score(doc=2663,freq=4.0), product of:
            0.04306919 = queryWeight, product of:
              1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
              0.02453417 = queryNorm
            0.16457605 = fieldWeight in 2663, product of:
              2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                4.0 = termFreq=4.0
              1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
              0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=2663)
        0.014881751 = weight(_text_:retrieval in 2663) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.014881751 = score(doc=2663,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.07421378 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.024915 = idf(docFreq=5836, maxDocs=44218)
              0.02453417 = queryNorm
            0.20052543 = fieldWeight in 2663, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              3.024915 = idf(docFreq=5836, maxDocs=44218)
              0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=2663)
      0.14285715 = coord(2/14)
    
    Abstract
    Several authors remark that categories used in languages, including indexing ones, are affected by cultural biases, and do not reflect reality in an objective way. Hence knowledge organization would essentially be determined by pragmatic factors. However, human categories are connected with the structure of reality through biological bonds, and this allows for a naturalistic approach too. Naturalism has been adopted by Farradane in proposing relational categories, and by Dahlberg and the CRG in applying the theory of integrative levels to general classification schemes. The latter is especially relevant for possible developments in making the structure of schemes independent from disciplines, and in applying it to digital information retrieval.
    Source
    Knowledge organization and the global information society: Proceedings of the 8th International ISKO Conference 13-16 July 2004, London, UK. Ed.: I.C. McIlwaine
  7. Gnoli, C.: ISKO News (2007) 0.00
    0.0025173177 = product of:
      0.017621223 = sum of:
        0.013444485 = weight(_text_:system in 1092) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.013444485 = score(doc=1092,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.07727166 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.1495528 = idf(docFreq=5152, maxDocs=44218)
              0.02453417 = queryNorm
            0.17398985 = fieldWeight in 1092, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              3.1495528 = idf(docFreq=5152, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=1092)
        0.004176737 = weight(_text_:information in 1092) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.004176737 = score(doc=1092,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.04306919 = queryWeight, product of:
              1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
              0.02453417 = queryNorm
            0.09697737 = fieldWeight in 1092, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=1092)
      0.14285715 = coord(2/14)
    
    Abstract
    Bericht über: Levels of Reality, Seminar, Bolzano (Bozen) Italy, 26-28 September 2007: Ontologies, the knowledge organization systems now widely used in knowledge management applications, take their name from a branch of philosophy. Philosophical ontology deals with the kinds and the properties of what exists, and with how they can be described by categories like entity, attribute, or process. Readers familiar with facet analysis will notice some analogy with the "fundamental categories" of faceted classifications, and this resemblance is not accidental. Indeed, knowledge organization systems use conceptual structures that can be variously reconnected with the categories of ontology. Though having more practical purposes, the ontologies and classifications of information science can benefit of those of philosophy.
    Darin: "However, John Sowa (Vivomind, USA) argued in his speech that the formalized approach, already undertaken by the pioneering project Cyc now having run for 23 years, is not the best way to analyze complex systems. People don't really use axioms in their cognitive processes (even mathematicians first get an idea intuitively, then work on axioms and proofs only at the moment of writing papers). To map between different ontologies, the Vivomind Analogy Engine throws axioms out, and searches instead for analogies in their structures. Analogy is a pragmatic human faculty using a combination of the three logical procedures of deduction, induction, and abduction. Guarino comments that people can communicate without need of axioms as they share a common context, but in order to teach computers how to operate, the requirements are different: he would not trust an airport control system working by analogy."
  8. Gnoli, C.: Boundaries and overlaps of disciplines in Bloch's methodology of historical knowledge (2014) 0.00
    0.0021406014 = product of:
      0.014984209 = sum of:
        0.0050120843 = weight(_text_:information in 1414) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.0050120843 = score(doc=1414,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.04306919 = queryWeight, product of:
              1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
              0.02453417 = queryNorm
            0.116372846 = fieldWeight in 1414, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
              0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=1414)
        0.009972124 = product of:
          0.019944249 = sum of:
            0.019944249 = weight(_text_:22 in 1414) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
              0.019944249 = score(doc=1414,freq=2.0), product of:
                0.085914485 = queryWeight, product of:
                  3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
                  0.02453417 = queryNorm
                0.23214069 = fieldWeight in 1414, product of:
                  1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                    2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                  3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
                  0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=1414)
          0.5 = coord(1/2)
      0.14285715 = coord(2/14)
    
    Abstract
    Marc Bloch's famous methodological essay, The Historian's Craft, contains many relevant considerations on knowledge organization. These have been selected and grouped into four main themes: terminology problems in history; principles for the organization of historical knowledge, with special reference to the genetic principle; sources of historical information, to be found not only in archives but also in very different media and contexts; and the nature and boundaries of history as a discipline. Analysis of them shows that knowledge organization is an important part of historians' work, and suggests that it can be especially fruitful when a cross-medial, interdisciplinary approach is adopted.
    Source
    Knowledge organization in the 21st century: between historical patterns and future prospects. Proceedings of the Thirteenth International ISKO Conference 19-22 May 2014, Kraków, Poland. Ed.: Wieslaw Babik
  9. Gnoli, C.: Classifying phenomena : part 4: themes and rhemes (2018) 0.00
    0.0021406014 = product of:
      0.014984209 = sum of:
        0.0050120843 = weight(_text_:information in 4152) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.0050120843 = score(doc=4152,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.04306919 = queryWeight, product of:
              1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
              0.02453417 = queryNorm
            0.116372846 = fieldWeight in 4152, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
              0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=4152)
        0.009972124 = product of:
          0.019944249 = sum of:
            0.019944249 = weight(_text_:22 in 4152) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
              0.019944249 = score(doc=4152,freq=2.0), product of:
                0.085914485 = queryWeight, product of:
                  3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
                  0.02453417 = queryNorm
                0.23214069 = fieldWeight in 4152, product of:
                  1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                    2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                  3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
                  0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=4152)
          0.5 = coord(1/2)
      0.14285715 = coord(2/14)
    
    Abstract
    This is the fourth in a series of papers on classification based on phenomena instead of disciplines. Together with types, levels and facets that have been discussed in the previous parts, themes and rhemes are further structural components of such a classification. In a statement or in a longer document, a base theme and several particular themes can be identified. Base theme should be cited first in a classmark, followed by particular themes, each with its own facets. In some cases, rhemes can also be expressed, that is new information provided about a theme, converting an abstract statement ("wolves, affected by cervids") into a claim that some thing actually occurs ("wolves are affected by cervids"). In the Integrative Levels Classification rhemes can be expressed by special deictic classes, including those for actual specimens, anaphoras, unknown values, conjunctions and spans, whole universe, anthropocentric favoured classes, and favoured host classes. These features, together with rules for pronounciation, make a classification of phenomena a true language, that may be suitable for many uses.
    Date
    17. 2.2018 18:22:25
  10. Gnoli, C.: Classification transcends library business : the case of BiblioPhil (2010) 0.00
    0.0020309861 = product of:
      0.014216902 = sum of:
        0.005906798 = weight(_text_:information in 3698) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.005906798 = score(doc=3698,freq=4.0), product of:
            0.04306919 = queryWeight, product of:
              1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
              0.02453417 = queryNorm
            0.13714671 = fieldWeight in 3698, product of:
              2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                4.0 = termFreq=4.0
              1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=3698)
        0.008310104 = product of:
          0.016620208 = sum of:
            0.016620208 = weight(_text_:22 in 3698) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
              0.016620208 = score(doc=3698,freq=2.0), product of:
                0.085914485 = queryWeight, product of:
                  3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
                  0.02453417 = queryNorm
                0.19345059 = fieldWeight in 3698, product of:
                  1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                    2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                  3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
                  0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=3698)
          0.5 = coord(1/2)
      0.14285715 = coord(2/14)
    
    Abstract
    Although bibliographic classifications usually adopt a perspective different from that of object classifications, the two have obvious relationships. These become especially relevant when users are looking for knowledge scattered in a wide variety of forms and media. This is an increasingly common situation, as library catalogues now coexist in the global digital environment with catalogues of archives, of museums, of commercial products, and many other information resources. In order to make the subject content of all these resources searchable, a broader conception of classification is needed, that can be applied to an knowledge item, rather than only bibliographic materials. To illustrate this we take an example of the research on bagpipes in Northern Italian folklore. For this kind of research, the most effective search strategy is a cross-media one, looking for many different knowledge sources such as published documents, police archives, painting details, museum specimens, organizations devoted to related subjects. To provide satisfying results for this kind of search, the traditional disciplinary approach to classification is not sufficient. Tools are needed in which knowledge items dealing with a phenomenon of interest can be retrieved independently from the other topics with which it is combined, the disciplinary context, and the medium where it occurs. This can be made possible if the basic units of classification are taken to be the phenomena treated, as recommended in the León Manifesto, rather than disciplines or other aspect features. The concept of bagpipes should be retrievable and browsable in any combination with other phenomena, disciplines, media etc. Examples are given of information sources that could be managed by this freely-faceted technique of classification.
    Date
    22. 7.2010 20:40:08
  11. Gnoli, C.: Knowledge organization in Italy (2004) 0.00
    0.0019351284 = product of:
      0.013545898 = sum of:
        0.009411139 = weight(_text_:system in 3750) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.009411139 = score(doc=3750,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.07727166 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.1495528 = idf(docFreq=5152, maxDocs=44218)
              0.02453417 = queryNorm
            0.1217929 = fieldWeight in 3750, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              3.1495528 = idf(docFreq=5152, maxDocs=44218)
              0.02734375 = fieldNorm(doc=3750)
        0.0041347584 = weight(_text_:information in 3750) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.0041347584 = score(doc=3750,freq=4.0), product of:
            0.04306919 = queryWeight, product of:
              1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
              0.02453417 = queryNorm
            0.0960027 = fieldWeight in 3750, product of:
              2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                4.0 = termFreq=4.0
              1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
              0.02734375 = fieldNorm(doc=3750)
      0.14285715 = coord(2/14)
    
    Abstract
    As an Italian chapter of ISKO has recently been reorganized, I was kindly invited to Write a short report an current KO activities in our country. So, in the following, I will briefly illustrate the local situation of the various kinds of knowledge organization systems, as well as related developments and activities. I am grateful to Paola Capitani, Emanuela Casson, Michele Santoro, and Lorena Zuccolo for providing useful information to be included here.
    Content
    "Subject headings Many Italian libraries create subject headings for their catalogues, using as a reference guide the "Soggettario per i catalogui delle biblioteche italiane." This is basically a list of subject terms created by the Biblioteca nazionale centrale di Firenze (BNCF), first published in 1956 and later updated with various lists of new subject headings. Though the Soggettario is still the main available reference, librarians are generally aware that it is outdated in both vocabulary and structure, especially as it does not provide explicit principles and rules to create and combine subject headings. A research group, called the Gruppo di ricerca sull'indicizzazione per soggetto (GRIS), was founded in 1990. It was devoted to improving the principles and consistency of subject indexing. Its members have performed in depth investigations of the structure of subject headings, starting with the principles of facet analysis used in PRECIS and including original developments. Results of their work are coded into the Guida all'indicizzazione per soggetto, published in 1996 and available also online <http:// wwwaib.it/aib/commiss/gris/gulda.htm>. The GRIS guide does not concern vocabulary, but morphological and syntactical rules for choosing and combining terms according to a sound citation order, based an a "role scheme." Unfortunately, GRIS principles have been applied only in a small number of libraries, mainly in Tuscany, rohere most GRIS members are located. A new project is now attempting to blend the traditional authority of the Soggettario with the more advanced principles of GRIS. A working group has been formed with people from BNCF, GRIS, and others, to study the feasibility of a renewal of the Soggettario. The group produced a report book in 2002, specifying the desirable features of the new system, and is at present searching for grants to implement it.
    Terminology and thesauri BNCF is also involved in a working group collecting information an online terminological resources <http://wwwindire.it/websemantico>. The group is headed by Paola Capitani, and has organized several roundtables an terminology in special domains, such as economy, fashion, law, and education. Thesauri are generally poorly known and used in Italy, although there are significant exceptions: among faceted systems we can mention the "Thesauro italiano di sociologia," published in 1999, and the "Thesaurus regionale toscano," as well as specialized an social sciences including a general outline, available both in print (1996) and online <http:// www regione.toscana.it/ius/ns-thesaurus/>. Classification systems The Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC) is by far the most widespread classification scheme in Italian libraries. A working group, coordinated by Luigi Crocetti, regularly translates the new editions of DDC manuals, and gives refresher courses an it for librarians. BNCF makes DDC numbers for bibliographical records both of its own catalogue, and of the national bibliography (= Bibliografia nazionale italiana: BNI), which is available for other libraries in a CD-ROM edition. A very large number of public libraries use DDC for their shelfmarks, so that users are accustomed to it. This situation is different from other European countries, e.g., Spain where UDC is widespread."
  12. Binding, C.; Gnoli, C.; Tudhope, D.: Migrating a complex classification scheme to the semantic web : expressing the Integrative Levels Classification using SKOS RDF (2021) 0.00
    0.0013580982 = product of:
      0.019013375 = sum of:
        0.019013375 = weight(_text_:system in 600) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.019013375 = score(doc=600,freq=4.0), product of:
            0.07727166 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.1495528 = idf(docFreq=5152, maxDocs=44218)
              0.02453417 = queryNorm
            0.24605882 = fieldWeight in 600, product of:
              2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                4.0 = termFreq=4.0
              3.1495528 = idf(docFreq=5152, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=600)
      0.071428575 = coord(1/14)
    
    Abstract
    Purpose The Integrative Levels Classification (ILC) is a comprehensive "freely faceted" knowledge organization system not previously expressed as SKOS (Simple Knowledge Organization System). This paper reports and reflects on work converting the ILC to SKOS representation. Design/methodology/approach The design of the ILC representation and the various steps in the conversion to SKOS are described and located within the context of previous work considering the representation of complex classification schemes in SKOS. Various issues and trade-offs emerging from the conversion are discussed. The conversion implementation employed the STELETO transformation tool. Findings The ILC conversion captures some of the ILC facet structure by a limited extension beyond the SKOS standard. SPARQL examples illustrate how this extension could be used to create faceted, compound descriptors when indexing or cataloguing. Basic query patterns are provided that might underpin search systems. Possible routes for reducing complexity are discussed. Originality/value Complex classification schemes, such as the ILC, have features which are not straight forward to represent in SKOS and which extend beyond the functionality of the SKOS standard. The ILC's facet indicators are modelled as rdf:Property sub-hierarchies that accompany the SKOS RDF statements. The ILC's top-level fundamental facet relationships are modelled by extensions of the associative relationship - specialised sub-properties of skos:related. An approach for representing faceted compound descriptions in ILC and other faceted classification schemes is proposed.
  13. Gnoli, C.; Santis, R. de; Pusterla, L.: Commerce, see also Rhetoric : cross-discipline relationships as authority data for enhanced retrieval (2015) 0.00
    0.0012527365 = product of:
      0.017538311 = sum of:
        0.017538311 = weight(_text_:retrieval in 2299) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.017538311 = score(doc=2299,freq=4.0), product of:
            0.07421378 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.024915 = idf(docFreq=5836, maxDocs=44218)
              0.02453417 = queryNorm
            0.23632148 = fieldWeight in 2299, product of:
              2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                4.0 = termFreq=4.0
              3.024915 = idf(docFreq=5836, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=2299)
      0.071428575 = coord(1/14)
    
    Theme
    Semantisches Umfeld in Indexierung u. Retrieval
  14. Gnoli, C.: Workshop on Levels of reality as a KO paradigm : levels, types, facets: three structural principles for KO (2010) 0.00
    0.0011523846 = product of:
      0.016133383 = sum of:
        0.016133383 = weight(_text_:system in 3524) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.016133383 = score(doc=3524,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.07727166 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.1495528 = idf(docFreq=5152, maxDocs=44218)
              0.02453417 = queryNorm
            0.20878783 = fieldWeight in 3524, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              3.1495528 = idf(docFreq=5152, maxDocs=44218)
              0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3524)
      0.071428575 = coord(1/14)
    
    Abstract
    Three major principles in the structure of knowledge organization systems are identified and discussed: hierarchical trees of types, sets of facets conforming to general categories, and series of levels of reality. Each principle can be present at various degrees in different systems. The three principles can interact between them in various ways, depending on priority choices in system construction. Examples are reviewed of different priority options adopted in classifications and thesauri, both special and general, and their effects are critically examined. It is found that levels of reality, although less often explicitly acknowledged than other principles, contribute an important tool for knowledge organization.
  15. Gnoli, C.: Classifying phenomena : Part 2: Types and levels (2017) 0.00
    0.0011523846 = product of:
      0.016133383 = sum of:
        0.016133383 = weight(_text_:system in 3177) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.016133383 = score(doc=3177,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.07727166 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.1495528 = idf(docFreq=5152, maxDocs=44218)
              0.02453417 = queryNorm
            0.20878783 = fieldWeight in 3177, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              3.1495528 = idf(docFreq=5152, maxDocs=44218)
              0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3177)
      0.071428575 = coord(1/14)
    
    Abstract
    After making the case that phenomena can be the primary unit of classification (Part 1), some basic principles to group and sort phenomena are considered. Entities can be grouped together on the basis of both their similarity (morphology) and their common origin (phylogeny). The resulting groups will form the classical hierarchical chains of types and subtypes. At every hierarchical degree, phenomena can form ordered sets (arrays), where their sorting can reflect levels of increasing organization, corresponding to an evolutionary order of appearance (emergence). The theory of levels of reality has been investigated by many philosophers and applied to knowledge organization systems by various authors, which are briefly reviewed. At the broadest degree, it allows to identify some major strata of phenomena (forms, matter, life, minds, societies and culture) in turn divided into layers. A list of twenty-six layers is proposed to form the main classes of the Integrative Levels Classification system. A combination of morphology and phylogeny can determine whether a given phenomenon should be a type of an existing level, or a level on its own.
  16. Gnoli, C.: Fundamentos ontológicos de la organización del conocimiento : la teoría de los niveles integrativos aplicada al orden de cita (2011) 0.00
    0.0010864786 = product of:
      0.015210699 = sum of:
        0.015210699 = weight(_text_:system in 2659) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.015210699 = score(doc=2659,freq=4.0), product of:
            0.07727166 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.1495528 = idf(docFreq=5152, maxDocs=44218)
              0.02453417 = queryNorm
            0.19684705 = fieldWeight in 2659, product of:
              2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                4.0 = termFreq=4.0
              3.1495528 = idf(docFreq=5152, maxDocs=44218)
              0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=2659)
      0.071428575 = coord(1/14)
    
    Abstract
    The field of knowledge organization (KO) can be described as composed of the four distinct but connected layers of theory, systems, representation, and application. This paper focuses on the relations between KO theory and KO systems. It is acknowledged how the structure of KO systems is the product of a mixture of ontological, epistemological, and pragmatical factors. However, different systems give different priorities to each factor. A more ontologically-oriented approach, though not offering quick solutions for any particular group of users, will produce systems of wide and long-lasting application as they are based on general, shareable principles. I take the case of the ontological theory of integrative levels, which has been considered as a useful source for general classifications for several decades, and is currently implemented in the Integrative Levels Classification system. The theory produces a sequence of main classes modelling a natural order between phenomena. This order has interesting effects also on other features of the system, like the citation order of concepts within compounds. As it has been shown by facet analytical theory, it is useful that citation order follow a principle of inversion, as compared to the order of the same concepts in the schedules. In the light of integrative levels theory, this principle also acquires an ontological meaning: phenomena of lower level should be cited first, as most often they act as specifications of higher-level ones. This ontological principle should be complemented by consideration of the epistemological treatment of phenomena: in case a lower-level phenomenon is the main theme, it can be promoted to the leading position in the compound subject heading. The integration of these principles is believed to produce optimal results in the ordering of knowledge contents.
  17. Gnoli, C.; Ridi, C.R.: Unified Theory of Information, hypertextuality and levels of reality : without, within, and withal knowledge management (2014) 0.00
    9.894765E-4 = product of:
      0.013852669 = sum of:
        0.013852669 = weight(_text_:information in 1796) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.013852669 = score(doc=1796,freq=22.0), product of:
            0.04306919 = queryWeight, product of:
              1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
              0.02453417 = queryNorm
            0.32163754 = fieldWeight in 1796, product of:
              4.690416 = tf(freq=22.0), with freq of:
                22.0 = termFreq=22.0
              1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=1796)
      0.071428575 = coord(1/14)
    
    Abstract
    Purpose - The different senses of the term information in physical, biological and social interpretations, and the possibility of connections between them, are addressed. Special attention is paid to Hofkirchner's Unified Theory of Information (UTI), proposing an integrated view in which the notion of information gets additional properties as one moves from the physical to the biological and the social realms. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach - UTI is compared to other views of information, especially to two theories complementing several ideas of it: the theory of the hypertextual documental universe ("docuverse") and the theory of integrative levels of reality. Two alternative applications of the complex of these three theories are discussed: a pragmatical, hermeneutic one, and a more ambitious realist, ontological one. The latter can be extended until considering information ("bit") together with matter-energy ("it") as a fundamental element in the world. Problems and opportunities with each view are discussed. Findings - It is found that the common ground for all three theories is an evolutionary approach, paying attention to the phylogenetic connections between the different meanings of information. Research limitations/implications - Other theories of information, like Leontiev's, are not discussed as not especially related to the focus of the approach. Originality/value - The paper builds on previously unnoticed affinities between different families of information-related theories, showing how each of them can provide fruitful complements to the other ones in clarifying the nature of information.
    Theme
    Information
  18. Gnoli, C.; Pullman, T.; Cousson, P.; Merli, G.; Szostak, R.: Representing the structural elements of a freely faceted classification (2011) 0.00
    9.603204E-4 = product of:
      0.013444485 = sum of:
        0.013444485 = weight(_text_:system in 4825) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.013444485 = score(doc=4825,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.07727166 = queryWeight, product of:
              3.1495528 = idf(docFreq=5152, maxDocs=44218)
              0.02453417 = queryNorm
            0.17398985 = fieldWeight in 4825, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              3.1495528 = idf(docFreq=5152, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=4825)
      0.071428575 = coord(1/14)
    
    Abstract
    Freely faceted classifications allow for free combination of concepts across all knowledge domains, and for sorting of the resulting compound classmarks. Starting from work by the Classification Research Group, the Integrative Levels Classification (ILC) project has produced a first edition of a general freely faceted scheme. The system is managed as a MySQL database, and can be browsed through a Web interface. The ILC database structure provides a case for identifying and representing the structural elements of any freely faceted classification. These belong to both the notational and the verbal planes. Notational elements include: arrays, chains, deictics, facets, foci, place of definition of foci, examples of combinations, subclasses of a faceted class, groupings, related classes; verbal elements include: main caption, synonyms, descriptions, included terms, related terms, notes. Encoding of some of these elements in an international mark-up format like SKOS can be problematic, especially as this does not provide for faceted structures, although approximate SKOS equivalents are identified for most of them.
  19. Gnoli, C.: Mentefacts as a missing level in theory of information science (2018) 0.00
    5.3368387E-4 = product of:
      0.007471574 = sum of:
        0.007471574 = weight(_text_:information in 4624) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.007471574 = score(doc=4624,freq=10.0), product of:
            0.04306919 = queryWeight, product of:
              1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
              0.02453417 = queryNorm
            0.1734784 = fieldWeight in 4624, product of:
              3.1622777 = tf(freq=10.0), with freq of:
                10.0 = termFreq=10.0
              1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
              0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=4624)
      0.071428575 = coord(1/14)
    
    Abstract
    Purpose The current debate between two theoretical approaches in library and information science and knowledge organization (KO), the cognitive one and the sociological one, is addressed in view of their possible integration in a more general model. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach Personal knowledge of individual users, as focused in the cognitive approach, and social production and use of knowledge, as focused in the sociological approach, are reconnected to the theory of levels of reality, particularly in the versions of Nicolai Hartmann and Karl R. Popper (three worlds). The notions of artefact and mentefact, as proposed in anthropological literature and applied in some KO systems, are also examined as further contributions to the generalized framework. Some criticisms to these models are reviewed and discussed. Findings Both the cognitive approach and the sociological approach, if taken in isolation, prove to be cases of philosophical monism as they emphasize a single level over the others. On the other hand, each of them can be considered as a component of a pluralist ontology and epistemology, where individual minds and social communities are but two successive levels in knowledge production and use, and are followed by a further level of "objectivated spirit"; this can in turn be analyzed into artefacts and mentefacts. While all these levels are relevant to information science, mentefacts and their properties are its most peculiar objects of study, which make it distinct from such other disciplines as psychology and sociology. Originality/value This analysis shows how existing approaches can benefit from additional notions contributed by levels theory, to develop more complete and accurate models of information and knowledge phenomena.
    Content
    Vgl.: https://www.emeraldinsight.com/doi/full/10.1108/JD-04-2018-0054. Vgl. auch den Folgeartikel von B. Hjoerland: The foundation of information science: one world or three? A discussion of Gnoli (2018). In: Journal of documentation. 74(2019) no.1, S.164-171.
  20. Gnoli, C.; Ledl, A.; Park, Z.; Trzmielewski, M.: Phenomenon-based vs. disciplinary classification : possibilities for evaluating and for mapping (2018) 0.00
    4.7734138E-4 = product of:
      0.006682779 = sum of:
        0.006682779 = weight(_text_:information in 4804) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          0.006682779 = score(doc=4804,freq=2.0), product of:
            0.04306919 = queryWeight, product of:
              1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
              0.02453417 = queryNorm
            0.1551638 = fieldWeight in 4804, product of:
              1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                2.0 = termFreq=2.0
              1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
              0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4804)
      0.071428575 = coord(1/14)
    
    Source
    Challenges and opportunities for knowledge organization in the digital age: proceedings of the Fifteenth International ISKO Conference, 9-11 July 2018, Porto, Portugal / organized by: International Society for Knowledge Organization (ISKO), ISKO Spain and Portugal Chapter, University of Porto - Faculty of Arts and Humanities, Research Centre in Communication, Information and Digital Culture (CIC.digital) - Porto. Eds.: F. Ribeiro u. M.E. Cerveira