-
Neuer internationaler Standard für Thesauri veröffentlicht (2012)
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- Abstract
- ISO 25964-1 ist der neue internationale Standard für Thesauri. Die Norm ersetzt ISO 2788 und ISO 5964. Erschienen unter dem vollständigen Titel "Information and documentation -Thesauri and interoperability with other vocabularies - Part 1: Thesauri for information retrieval" berücksichtigt ISO 25964-1 einsprachige und mehrsprachige Thesauri sowie die heutigen Anforderungen an Interoperabilität, Networking und die gemeinsame Nutzung von Daten (Data Sharing). Im Standard sind folgende Themen enthalten: - Erstellung einsprachiger und mehrsprachiger Thesauri; - Klärung des Unterschieds zwischen Benennungen und Begriffen und ihrer Beziehungen zueinander; - Richtlinien zur Facettenanalyse, zur Gestaltung und Darstellung von Thesauri; - Richtlinien zur Thesaurusnutzung in computergestützten und vernetzten Systemen; Best-Practice-Modell für Management der Thesaurusentwicklung und -wartung; - Leitfaden Thesaurusverwaltungssoftware; - Datenmodell für ein- und mehrsprachige Thesauri; - zusammengefasste Empfehlungen für Austauschformate und -protokolle. Aus dem Datenmodell wurde ein XML-Schema für Datenaustauschzwecke erstellt, das frei verfügbar ist unter http://www.niso.org/schemas/iso25964/.
-
Dextre Clarke, S.G.: Teil 1 der Thesaurus-Norm ISO 25964 veröffentlicht (2012)
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- Abstract
- Die neue internationale Thesaurus-Norm ISO 25964-1 ersetzt die Normen ISO 2788 und ISO 5964. Ihr englischer Titel lautet "Information and documentation - Thesauri and interoperability with other vocabularies - Part 1: Thesauri for information retrieval". Die Norm umfasst ein- und mehrsprachige Thesauri und berück sichtigt die Notwendigkeit von Datenaustausch, Vernetzung und Interoperabilität. Zu den Inhalten gehören - Konstruktion ein- und mehrsprachiger Thesauri - Unterschied zwischen Begriff und Benennung und ihren Beziehungen - Facettenanalyse und Layout - Einsatz von Thesauri in computergestützten und vernetzten Systemen - Management und Pflege von Thesauri - Richtlinien für Thesaurusmanagement-Software - Datenmodell für ein- und mehrsprachige Thesauri - Empfehlungen
- Source
- Information - Wissenschaft und Praxis. 63(2012) H.2, S.122-123
-
Crouch, C.J.: ¬An approach to the automatic construction of global thesauri (1990)
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- Abstract
- The benefits of a well constructed thesaurus to an information retrieval system have long been recognised by both researchers and practitioners in the field. Examines both early and current approaches to automatic thesaurus construction and describes an approach to the automatic generation of global thesauri based on the term discrimination value model of Salton Yang, and Yu and on an appropriate clustering algorithm. This method has been implemented and applied to 2 document collections. Preliminary results indicate that this method, which produces improvements in retrieval performance in excess of 10 and 15% in the test collections, is viable and worthy of continued investigation.
- Date
- 22. 4.1996 3:39:53
- Source
- Information processing and management. 26(1990), no.5, S.629-640
-
McMath, C.F.; Tamaru, R.S.; Rada, R.: ¬A graphical thesaurus-based information retrieval system (1989)
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-
Mu, X.; Lu, K.; Ryu, H.: Explicitly integrating MeSH thesaurus help into health information retrieval systems : an empirical user study (2014)
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- Abstract
- When consumers search for health information, a major obstacle is their unfamiliarity with the medical terminology. Even though medical thesauri such as the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) and related tools (e.g., the MeSH Browser) were created to help consumers find medical term definitions, the lack of direct and explicit integration of these help tools into a health retrieval system prevented them from effectively achieving their objectives. To explore this issue, we conducted an empirical study with two systems: One is a simple interface system supporting query-based searching; the other is an augmented system with two new components supporting MeSH term searching and MeSH tree browsing. A total of 45 subjects were recruited to participate in the study. The results indicated that the augmented system is more effective than the simple system in terms of improving user-perceived topic familiarity and question-answer performance, even though we did not find users spend more time on the augmented system. The two new MeSH help components played a critical role in participants' health information retrieval and were found to allow them to develop new search strategies. The findings of the study enhanced our understanding of consumers' search behaviors and shed light on the design of future health information retrieval systems.
- Source
- Information processing and management. 50(2014) no.1, S.24-40
- Theme
- Verbale Doksprachen im Online-Retrieval
-
Zeng, M.L.; Chen, Y.: Features of an integrated thesaurus management and search system for the networked environment (2003)
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- Abstract
- Reports an integrated system that employs an open structure for managing the distributed resources (thesauri and databases) and integrates a thesaurus management system with a crossthesaurus search system. Describes the functions of the system that highlight the unique design for the networked environment.
- Source
- Subject retrieval in a networked environment: Proceedings of the IFLA Satellite Meeting held in Dublin, OH, 14-16 August 2001 and sponsored by the IFLA Classification and Indexing Section, the IFLA Information Technology Section and OCLC. Ed.: I.C. McIlwaine
-
Byrne, C.C.; McCracken, S.A.: ¬An adaptive thesaurus employing semantic distance, relational inheritance and nominal compound interpretation for linguistic support of information retrieval (1999)
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- Date
- 15. 3.2000 10:22:37
- Source
- Journal of information science. 25(1999) no.2, S.113-131
-
Jing, Y.; Croft, W.B.: ¬An association thesaurus for information retrieval (199?)
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- Abstract
- Although commonly used in both commercial and experimental information retrieval systems, thesauri have not demonstrated consistent benefits for retrieval performance, and it is difficult to construct a thesaurus automatically for large text databases. In this paper, an approach, called PhraseFinder, is proposed to construct collection-dependent association thesauri automatically using large full-text document collections. The association thesaurus can be accessed through natural language queries in INQUERY, an information retrieval system based on the probabilistic inference network. Experiments are conducted in INQUERY to evaluate different types of association thesauri, and thesauri constructed for a variety of collections
-
Youlin, Z.; Baptista Nunes, J.M.; Zhonghua, D.: Construction and evolution of a Chinese Information Science and Information Service (CIS&IS) onto-thesaurus (2014)
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- Abstract
- Thesauri are the most important tools for information and knowledge organization, and they undergo regular improvements according to the rapid development of new requirements and affordances of emerging information techniques. This paper attempts to integrate ontology into the conceptual organization scheme of thesauri and proposes a new solution to extend the functionality of thesauri based on ontological features, which is termed here as an onto-thesaurus. In this study, a prototype system named the Chinese Information Science and Information Service onto-thesaurus system (CIS&IS), was developed to analyze ontothesaurus with the category of information science and information service in the Chinese Topic Classification Dictionary with a two-stage approach. The first stage aims to define and construct the onto-thesaurus. The second stage aims to realize the evolution function of onto-thesaurus. The main purpose of this system was to achieve the function of self-learning and auto-evolution and to enable a much more effective conceptual retrieval by the newly proposed onto-thesaurus.
-
Dextre Clarke, S.G.: ¬The Information Retrieval Thesaurus (2019)
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- Abstract
- In the post-war period before computers were readily available, urgent demand for scientific and industrial develop-ment stimulated research and development (R&D) that led to the birth of the information retrieval thesaurus. This article traces the early history, speciation and progressive improvement of the thesaurus to reach the state now conveyed by guidelines in inter-national and national standards. Despite doubts about the effec-tiveness of the thesaurus throughout this period, and notwith-standing the dominance of Google and other search engines in the information retrieval (IR) scene today, the thesaurus still plays a complementary part in the organization of knowledge and in-formation resources. Success today depends on interoperability, and is opening up opportunities in linked data applications. At the same time, the IR demand from workers in the knowledge society drives interest in hybrid forms of knowledge organization system (KOS) that may pool the genes of thesauri with those of ontologies and classification schemes.
- Object
- Information Retrieval Thesaurus
-
Rahmstorf, G.: Information retrieval using conceptual representations of phrases (1994)
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- Abstract
- The information retrieval problem is described starting from an analysis of the concepts 'user's information request' and 'information offerings of texts'. It is shown that natural language phrases are a more adequate medium for expressing information requests and information offerings than character string based query and indexing languages complemented by Boolean oprators. The phrases must be represented as concepts to reach a language invariant level for rule based relevance analysis. The special type of representation called advanced thesaurus is used for the semantic representation of natural language phrases and for relevance processing. The analysis of the retrieval problem leads to a symmetric system structure
- Source
- Information systems and data analysis: prospects - foundations - applications. Proc. of the 17th Annual Conference of the Gesellschaft für Klassifikation, Kaiserslautern, March 3-5, 1993. Ed.: H.-H. Bock et al
-
Pollard, R.: ¬A hypertext-based thesaurus as a subject browsing aid for bibliographic databases (1993)
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- Abstract
- Part of a special issue on hypertext and information retrieval. Conventional information retrieval systems provide little support for browsing. Browsing is the major method of searching in hypertext system but users can become disoriented even when browsing small information space. If hypertext is to be used to support browsing in bibliographic databases navigational assistance will be required. Examines the role of thesauri as navigational aids for subject domains of Bibliographic databases. Presents the design of an experimental hypertext-based browsing inference for a thesaurus and its implementation using a commercially available hypertext program. Examines strategies for linking the thesaurus to a database
- Source
- Information processing and management. 29(1993) no.3, S.345-357
-
Mooers, C.N.: ¬The indexing language of an information retrieval system (1985)
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- Abstract
- Calvin Mooers' work toward the resolution of the problem of ambiguity in indexing went unrecognized for years. At the time he introduced the "descriptor" - a term with a very distinct meaning-indexers were, for the most part, taking index terms directly from the document, without either rationalizing them with context or normalizing them with some kind of classification. It is ironic that Mooers' term came to be attached to the popular but unsophisticated indexing methods which he was trying to root out. Simply expressed, what Mooers did was to take the dictionary definitions of terms and redefine them so clearly that they could not be used in any context except that provided by the new definition. He did, at great pains, construct such meanings for over four hundred words; disambiguation and specificity were sought after and found for these words. He proposed that all indexers adopt this method so that when the index supplied a term, it also supplied the exact meaning for that term as used in the indexed document. The same term used differently in another document would be defined differently and possibly renamed to avoid ambiguity. The disambiguation was achieved by using unabridged dictionaries and other sources of defining terminology. In practice, this tends to produce circularity in definition, that is, word A refers to word B which refers to word C which refers to word A. It was necessary, therefore, to break this chain by creating a new, definitive meaning for each word. Eventually, means such as those used by Austin (q.v.) for PRECIS achieved the same purpose, but by much more complex means than just creating a unique definition of each term. Mooers, however, was probably the first to realize how confusing undefined terminology could be. Early automatic indexers dealt with distinct disciplines and, as long as they did not stray beyond disciplinary boundaries, a quick and dirty keyword approach was satisfactory. The trouble came when attempts were made to make a combined index for two or more distinct disciplines. A number of processes have since been developed, mostly involving tagging of some kind or use of strings. Mooers' solution has rarely been considered seriously and probably would be extremely difficult to apply now because of so much interdisciplinarity. But for a specific, weIl defined field, it is still weIl worth considering. Mooers received training in mathematics and physics from the University of Minnesota and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He was the founder of Zator Company, which developed and marketed a coded card information retrieval system, and of Rockford Research, Inc., which engages in research in information science. He is the inventor of the TRAC computer language.
- Footnote
- Original in: Information retrieval today: papers presented at an Institute conducted by the Library School and the Center for Continuation Study, University of Minnesota, Sept. 19-22, 1962. Ed. by Wesley Simonton. Minneapolis, Minn.: The Center, 1963. S.21-36.
-
Jones, S.: ¬A thesaurus data model for an intelligent retrieval system (1993)
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- Abstract
- This paper demonstrates the application of conventional database design techniques to thesaurus representation. The thesaurus is considered as a printed document, as a semantic net, and as a relational database to be used in conjunction with an intelligent information retrieval system. Some issues raised by analysis of two standard thesauri include: the prevalence of compound terms and the representation of term structure; thesaurus redundancy and the extent to which it can be eliminated in machine-readable versions; the difficulty of exploiting thesaurus knowledge originally designed for human rather than automatic interpretation; deriving 'strength of association' measures between terms in a thesaurus considered as a semantic net; facet representation and the need for variations in the data model to cater for structural differences between thesauri. A complete schema of database tables is presented, with an outline suggestion for using the stored information when matching one or more thesaurus terms with a user's query
- Source
- Journal of information science. 19(1993), S.167-178
-
Greenberg, J.: User comprehension and application of information retrieval thesauri (2004)
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- Abstract
- While information retrieval thesauri may improve search results, there is little research documenting whether general information system users employ these vocabulary tools. This article explores user comprehension and searching with thesauri. Data was gathered as part of a larger empirical query-expansion study involving the ProQuest Controlled Vocabulary. The results suggest that users' knowledge of thesauri is extremely limited. After receiving a basic thesaurus introduction, however, users indicate a desire to employ these tools. The most significant result was that users expressed a preference for thesauri employment through interactive processing or a combination of automatic and interactive processing, compared to exclusively automatic processing. This article defines information retrieval thesauri, summarizes research results, considers circumstances underlying users' knowledge and searching with thesauri, and highlights future research needs.
-
Gilchrist, A.: ¬The thesaurus in retrieval (1971)
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- LCSH
- Information retrieval
- RSWK
- Schlagwortnormdatei / Information Retrieval
- Subject
- Schlagwortnormdatei / Information Retrieval
Information retrieval
- Theme
- Verbale Doksprachen im Online-Retrieval
-
Pollard, R.: Hypertext presentation of thesauri used in on-line searching (1990)
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- Abstract
- Explores the strengths and limitations of hypertext for the online presentation of thesauri used in information retrieval. Examines the ability of hypertext to support each of 3 common types of thesaurus display: graphic, alphabetical, and hierarchical. Presents a design for a hypertext-based hierarchical display that addresses many inadequacies of printed hierarchical displays. Ullustrates how the design might be implemented using a commercially available hypertext system. Considers issues related to the implementation and evaluation of hypertext-based thesauri
-
Lopez-Huertas, M.J.: Thesaurus structure design : a conceptual approach for improved interaction (1997)
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- Abstract
- The need for thesauri to help users in their search for information in online information systems has been discussed for several decades. Many wide-ranging contributions have been made to solve this problem. Nevertheless, investigation is needed to design a thesaurus structure based on what is relevant for users and generators of information within a specific subject domain. Explores the possibility of creating a thesaurus from the cognitive viewpoint. This approach is based on a system that organizes its representation of knowledge or its classification as closely as possible to the authors' and users' images of the subject domain with the objective of increasing the interaction between users and texts, and thus the communication in a given information retrieval system. Discourse analysis is used as a main method to identify the categories and its relevance for building such a structure is discussed
-
Conlon, S.P.N.; Evens, M.; Ahlswede, T.: Developing a large lexical database for information retrieval, parsing, and text generation systems (1993)
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- Abstract
- Shows that it is possible to construct a lexical database by combining material from a number of machine-readable sources. Discusses the kind of lexical information required for applications in information retrieval and in other natural language processing areas, such as database interfaces and automatic filing systems. Describes the organization of the lexical database which is stored in an Oracle relational database management system and the design of the tables that comprise the database. In addition to the traditional alphabetic listing, access is privided from roots to derived forms and from derived forms to roots, and also through lexical and semantic relations between words, so that the database functions as a thesaurus as well as a dictionary. The database is designed to be open-ended and self-defined. Every attribute of every table is defined in the database itself. The lexical database can easily be extended through an SQL forms interface that facilitates additions to the tables
- Source
- Information processing and management. 29(1993) no.5, S.415-431
-
Chen, H.; Martinez, J.; Kirchhoff, A.; Ng, T.D.; Schatz, B.R.: Alleviating search uncertainty through concept associations : automatic indexing, co-occurence analysis, and parallel computing (1998)
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- Abstract
- In this article, we report research on an algorithmic approach to alleviating search uncertainty in a large information space. Grounded on object filtering, automatic indexing, and co-occurence analysis, we performed a large-scale experiment using a parallel supercomputer (SGI Power Challenge) to analyze 400.000+ abstracts in an INSPEC computer engineering collection. Two system-generated thesauri, one based on a combined object filtering and automatic indexing method, and the other based on automatic indexing only, were compaed with the human-generated INSPEC subject thesaurus. Our user evaluation revealed that the system-generated thesauri were better than the INSPEC thesaurus in 'concept recall', but in 'concept precision' the 3 thesauri were comparable. Our analysis also revealed that the terms suggested by the 3 thesauri were complementary and could be used to significantly increase 'variety' in search terms the thereby reduce search uncertainty
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 49(1998) no.3, S.206-216
- Theme
- Semantisches Umfeld in Indexierung u. Retrieval
