Search (262 results, page 1 of 14)

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Abstract

Der folgende Beitrag bietet einen Überblick über die Situation von Open Access Publishing in Österreich im Jahr 2010. Zunächst werden die österreichische Beteiligung an Open-Access-Deklarationen sowie wichtige Open-Access-Veranstaltungen in Österreich dargestellt. Dann werden die Beiträge Österreichs für den Goldenen Weg zu Open Access (OA-Zeitschriften) und für den Grünen Weg zu Open Access (Repositorien) skizziert. Es folgt eine Darstellung der Open Access Policies der wichtigsten Forschungsförderungsorganisation, der größten Universität des Landes sowie der Österreichischen Universitätenkonferenz. Den Abschluss bilden die Frage nach der Finanzierung von Open Access und eine Beschreibung der geänderten gesetzlichen Rahmenbedingungen für Open Access in Österreich.

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Abstract

The academic impact advantage of Open Access (OA) is a prominent topic of debate in the library and publishing communities. Web citations have been proposed as comparable to, even replacements for, bibliographic citations in assessing the academic impact of journals. In our study, we compare Web citations to articles in an OA journal, the Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication (JCMC), and a traditional access journal, New Media & Society (NMS), in the communication discipline. Web citation counts for JCMC are significantly higher than those for NMS. Furthermore, JCMC receives significantly higher Web citations from the formal scholarly publications posted on the Web than NMS does. The types of Web citations for journal articles were also examined. In the Web context, the impact of a journal can be assessed using more than one type of source: citations from scholarly articles, teaching materials and non-authoritative documents. The OA journal has higher percentages of citations from the third type, which suggests that, in addition to the research community, the impact advantage of open access is also detectable among ordinary users participating in Web-based academic communication. Moreover, our study also proves that the OA journal has impact advantage in developing countries. Compared with NMS, JCMC has more Web citations from developing countries.

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Abstract

An argument for extending the circulation of knowledge with new publishing technologies considers scholarly, economic, philosophical, and practical issues. Questions about access to scholarship go back farther than recent debates over subscription prices, rights, and electronic archives suggest. The great libraries of the past - from the fabled collection at Alexandria to the early public libraries of nineteenth-century America - stood as arguments for increasing access. In The Access Principle, John Willinsky describes the latest chapter in this ongoing story - online open access publishing by scholarly journals - and makes a case for open access as a public good. A commitment to scholarly work, writes Willinsky, carries with it a responsibility to circulate that work as widely as possible: this is the access principle. In the digital age, that responsibility includes exploring new publishing technologies and economic models to improve access to scholarly work. Wide circulation adds value to published work; it is a significant aspect of its claim to be knowledge. The right to know and the right to be known are inextricably mixed. Open access, argues Willinsky, can benefit both a researcher-author working the best-equipped lab at a leading research university and a teacher struggling to find resources in an impoverished high school. Willinsky describes different types of access - the New England Journal of Medicine, for example, grants open access to issues six months after initial publication, and First Monday forgoes a print edition and makes its contents immediately accessible at no cost. He discusses the contradictions of copyright law, the reading of research, and the economic viability of open access. He also considers broader themes of public access to knowledge, human rights issues, lessons from publishing history, and "epistemological vanities." The debate over open access, writes Willinsky, raises crucial questions about the place of scholarly work in a larger world - and about the future of knowledge.

Classification

AP 25280 Allgemeines / Medien- und Kommunikationswissenschaften, Kommunikationsdesign / Zeitungswissenschaft / Zeitschriftentypologie / Wissenschaftliche Zeitschriften

Footnote

Rez. in: JASIST 58(2007) no.9, S.1386 (L.A. Ennis): "Written by John Willinsky. Pacific Press Professor of Literacy and Technology at the University of British Columbia and Open Journals Systems Software des eloper. the eighth hook in the Digital Libraries and Electronic Publishing series (edited by William Y. Arms) provides a compelling and convincing argument in favor of open access. At the core of this work is Willinsky's "access principle." a commitment that "research carries with it a responsibility to extend circulation of such work as far as possible and ideally to all who are interested in it and all who might profit from it" (p.xii). One by one Willinsky tackles the obstacles. both real and perceived, to open access. succeeding in his goal to "inform and inspire a larger debate over the political and moral economy of knowledge" (p.xiv). The author does note the irony of publishing a hook while advocating for open access, but points out that he does so to reach a larger audience. Willinsky also points out that most of the chapters' earlier versions can be found in open-access journals and on his Web site (http://www.11ed.educubc.ca/faculty/willinsky.html). The Access Principle is organized topically into thirteen chapters covering a broad range of practical and theoretical issues. Taken together. these chapters provide the reader with an excellent introduction to the open-access debate as well as all the potential benefits and possible impacts of the open-access movement. The author also includes six appendices. with information on metadata and indexing. os er twenty pages of references, and an index. ... All of Willinsky's arguments arc convincing and heartfelt. It is apparent throughout the hook that the author deeply believes in the principles behind open access. and his passion and conviction come through in the work. making the hook a thought-provoking and very interesting read. While he offers numerous examples to illustrate his points throughout the work. he does not. however. offer solutions or state that he has all the answers. In that, he succeeds in his goal to craft a hook that "informs and inspires. As a result, The Access Principle is an important read for information professionals, researchers, and academics of all kinds, whether or not the reader agrees with Willinsky."

LCSH

Open access publishing

RSWK

Elektronisches Publizieren / Open Access
Forschung / Veröffentlichung / Open Access (SWB)

RVK

AP 25280 Allgemeines / Medien- und Kommunikationswissenschaften, Kommunikationsdesign / Zeitungswissenschaft / Zeitschriftentypologie / Wissenschaftliche Zeitschriften

Subject

Open access publishing
Elektronisches Publizieren / Open Access
Forschung / Veröffentlichung / Open Access (SWB)

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Abstract

Initiativen, die Transparenz, offenen und möglichst einfachen Zugang zu Informationen, etwa in Wissenschaft und Verwaltung fordern und herstellen, gewinnen rasant an Bedeutung und beginnen sich immer weiter zu differenzieren. Die Forderungen reichen von freiem (im Sinne von kostenlosem) Zugang zu Informationen bis hin zu offenem Zugang analog den Prinzipien der Open Source Community. Manche Initiativen und Phänomene fokussieren stärker auf Transparenz als auf Offenheit, wie z.B. die Whistleblower-Plattform Wikileaks, während wiederum andere (z.B. Open Government oder Open Access zu Forschungsdaten) die Forderungen nach Transparenz und Offenheit kombinieren oder sich an der Bereitstellung nicht-proprietärer Informationen versuchen (wie das Geodaten-Projekt OpenStreetMap oder die Open Metrics Konzepte im Wissenschaftskontext). Zwölf Autorinnen und Autoren aus Open Data Projekten und aus den Bereichen Open Access, Open Science, Journalismus und Recht beschreiben und analysieren die besagten und andere Open Initiatives, diskutieren deren Gemeinsamkeiten und Grenzen sowie radikale Offenheitskonzepte wie WikiLeaks und Anonymous.

Content

Inhalt: Offenheit und wissenschaftliche Werke: Open Access, Open Review, Open Metrics, Open Science & Open Knowledge - Ulrich Herb Offener Zugang zu Forschungsdaten - Jens Klump Wissenschaft zum Mitmachen, Wissenschaft als Prozess: Offene Wissenschaft - Daniel Mietchen Open Access hinter verschlossenen Türen oder wie sich Open Access im und mit dem Entwicklungsdiskurs arrangiert - Jutta Haider The European sciences: How "open" are they for women? - Terje Tüür-Fröhlich Wie erwirbt der Mensch Wissen, wie wendet er es an und wie behandelt das Recht diesen Vorgang? - Eckhard Höjfner Collateral Copyright: Modularisierte Urheberrechtsfreigaben für die Wissenschaft - John Hendrik Weitzmann Open Data - Am Beispiel von Informationen des öffentlichen Sektors - Nils Barnickel, Jens Kiessmann Offene Geodäten durch OpenStreetMap - Roland Ramthun Wikileaks und das Ideal der Öffentlichkeit - Christiane Schulzki-Haddouti Open Collectivity - Carolin Wiedemann

RSWK

Open Archives Initiative
Open Access

Subject

Open Archives Initiative
Open Access

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Abstract

In diesem Buch sollen die grundlegenden Techniken zur Erstellung, Anwendung und nicht zuletzt Darstellung von XML-Dokumenten erklärt und demonstriert werden. Die wichtigste und vornehmste Aufgabe dieses Buches ist es jedoch, die Grundlagen von XML, wie sie vom World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) festgelegt sind, darzustellen. Das W3C hat nicht nur die Entwicklung von XML initiiert und ist die zuständige Organisation für alle XML-Standards, es werden auch weiterhin XML-Spezifikationen vom W3C entwickelt. Auch wenn immer mehr Vorschläge für neue XML-basierte Techniken aus dem weiteren Umfeld der an XML Interessierten kommen, so spielt doch weiterhin das W3C die zentrale und wichtigste Rolle für die Entwicklung von XML. Der Schwerpunkt dieses Buches liegt darin, zu lernen, wie man XML als tragende Technologie in echten Alltags-Anwendungen verwendet. Wir wollen Ihnen gute Design-Techniken vorstellen und demonstrieren, wie man XML-fähige Anwendungen mit Applikationen für das WWW oder mit Datenbanksystemen verknüpft. Wir wollen die Grenzen und Möglichkeiten von XML ausloten und eine Vorausschau auf einige "nascent"-Technologien werfen. Egal ob Ihre Anforderungen sich mehr an dem Austausch von Daten orientieren oder bei der visuellen Gestaltung liegen, dieses Buch behandelt alle relevanten Techniken. jedes Kapitel enthält ein Anwendungsbeispiel. Da XML eine Plattform-neutrale Technologie ist, werden in den Beispielen eine breite Palette von Sprachen, Parsern und Servern behandelt. Jede der vorgestellten Techniken und Methoden ist auf allen Plattformen und Betriebssystemen relevant. Auf diese Weise erhalten Sie wichtige Einsichten durch diese Beispiele, auch wenn die konkrete Implementierung nicht auf dem von Ihnen bevorzugten System durchgeführt wurde.
Dieses Buch wendet sich an alle, die Anwendungen auf der Basis von XML entwickeln wollen. Designer von Websites können neue Techniken erlernen, wie sie ihre Sites auf ein neues technisches Niveau heben können. Entwickler komplexerer Software-Systeme und Programmierer können lernen, wie XML in ihr System passt und wie es helfen kann, Anwendungen zu integrieren. XML-Anwendungen sind von ihrer Natur her verteilt und im Allgemeinen Web-orientiert. Dieses Buch behandelt nicht verteilte Systeme oder die Entwicklung von Web-Anwendungen, sie brauchen also keine tieferen Kenntnisse auf diesen Gebieten. Ein allgemeines Verständnis für verteilte Architekturen und Funktionsweisen des Web wird vollauf genügen. Die Beispiele in diesem Buch verwenden eine Reihe von Programmiersprachen und Technologien. Ein wichtiger Bestandteil der Attraktivität von XML ist seine Plattformunabhängigkeit und Neutralität gegenüber Programmiersprachen. Sollten Sie schon Web-Anwendungen entwickelt haben, stehen die Chancen gut, dass Sie einige Beispiele in Ihrer bevorzugten Sprache finden werden. Lassen Sie sich nicht entmutigen, wenn Sie kein Beispiel speziell für Ihr System finden sollten. Tools für die Arbeit mit XML gibt es für Perl, C++, Java, JavaScript und jede COM-fähige Sprache. Der Internet Explorer (ab Version 5.0) hat bereits einige Möglichkeiten zur Verarbeitung von XML-Dokumenten eingebaut. Auch der Mozilla-Browser (der Open-Source-Nachfolger des Netscape Navigators) bekommt ähnliche Fähigkeiten. XML-Tools tauchen auch zunehmend in großen relationalen Datenbanksystemen auf, genau wie auf Web- und Applikations-Servern. Sollte Ihr System nicht in diesem Buch behandelt werden, lernen Sie die Grundlagen und machen Sie sich mit den vorgestellten Techniken aus den Beispielen vertraut.

Date

22. 6.2005 15:12:11

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BK

05.38 / Neue elektronische Medien <Kommunikationswissenschaft>

Classification

05.38 / Neue elektronische Medien <Kommunikationswissenschaft>

Content

Parallel als Online-Ausg. erschienen: www.unesco.de/fileadmin/medien/Dokumente/Kommunikation/Handbuch_Open_Access.pdf

Footnote

Inhaltsbeschreibung Die verschiedenen Initiativen zum Open Access führen zu zwei Systemen, dem so genannten »grünen Weg«, der bereits in gedruckter Form veröffentlichte Publikationen ins Internet stellt, und dem »goldenen Weg«, bei dem die Volltextspeicherung die einzige oder jedenfalls die vorrangige Form darstellt. Die Internationalisierung des Open Access erfolgte auf drei Konferenzen, die 2001 in Budapest, 2003 in Bethesda und im gleichen Jahr in Berlin stattfanden. Diese Volltextspeicherung war ursprünglich auf die naturwissenschaftlich-technischen Disziplinen konzentriert. Doch treten in zunehmendem Maße auch die Geistes- und Sozialwissenschaften dem Prinzip bei. Dabei entstehen natürlich sehr differenzierende Aspekte, zum Beispiel für die Bibliotheken - etwa der Erwerb gedruckter Zeitschriften, Langzeitarchivierung von Interneteintragungen, für den Buchhandel wie für die Autoren - etwa das Urheberrecht, aber auch dort das ökonomische Interesse, wie der Plan des Börsenvereins des Deutschen Buchhandels zu einer eigenen Volltextspeicherung zeigt, dem die Deutsche UNESCO-Kommission eine Ergänzung zum vorliegenden Text nachsandte. Open Access hat mittlerweile ein so weites Interesse gefunden, dass das Auswärtige Amt zusammen mit der Deutschen UNESCO-Kommission 2006 zu einer Konferenz einlud, über deren Ergebnisse die Deutsche UNESCO-Kommission dieses Handbuch veröffentlicht hat, das neben einer definitorischen und einer historischen Einleitung (Norbert Lossau S.18-22 und Peter Schirmbacher S. 22-25) in vier weiteren Kapiteln die Möglichkeiten und Probleme darstellt. Im zweiten Kapitel werden drei verschiedene Modelle vorgestellt: Open-Access-Repositories am Berliner Beispiel des edoc-Servers (Susanne Dobratz S. 28-32), Open-Access-Journale am Beispiel des New Journal of Physics (Eberhard Bodenschatz S.33-36) und ein Verlagsmodell (Springer Open Choice) von Jan Velterop (S. 37-40). Das dritte Kapitel ist den Formen der Realisierung gewidmet, z. B. der Finanzierung (Stefan Gradmann S.42-45), des Urheberrechts (Karl-Nikolaus Peifer S.46-59), der Qualitätssicherung (Eberhard Bodenschatz und Ulrich Pöschl S.50-55), der Langzeitarchivierung (Ute Schwens und Reinhard Altenhöner S. 50-58), der Struktur der Wissenschaftskommunikation (Hans Pfeiffenberger S.59-62), der Datenverarbeitung (Wolfram Horst-mann S. 65) sowie der Akzeptanz (Johannes Fournier S. 66-70).
Das vierte Kapitel mit dem Titel »Politische Perspektiven« (S. 72-110) ist das umfangreichste. Es behandelt die Rolle des Open Access in den Wissenschaften: den Naturwissenschaften (WolfgangVoges S.76-78), den Geisteswissenschaften (Gudrun Gerschmann S.78-79), den Sozialwissenschaften (Ulrich Herb S. 80-81) und der Wissenschaftsorganisationen, z.B. der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft (Johannes Fournier S.82-83). Es folgt ein Abschnitt über die Bibliotheken von Claudia Lux (S.86-88), die Verlage z.B. der Hamburg University Press von Gabriele Beger und Isabella Meinecke (S.94-96), der allgemeinen Bildungspolitik mit Stellungnahmen der Kultusministerkonferenz, des Bundestages und der allgemeinen Wissenschaftstheorie, des Verbraucherschutzes und des öffentlich-rechtlichen Rundfunks. Das fünfte Kapitel berichtet über die internationalen Kontakte, in Europa, den USA, Indien. Den Abschluss bildet eine Beschreibung internationaler Initiativen wie dem World Summit on the Information Society, auf den sich 192 Mitgliedstaaten der UNO geeinigt haben, der OECD, der IFLA, der UNESCO und der 1998 gegründeten Scholary Publishing and Academic Ressources Coalition (SPARC). Würdigung Die Kürze der einzelnen Beiträge zeigt bereits, dass sich das Buch an einen größeren Leserkreis wendet, der mit den Möglichkeiten und Problemen einer Online-Volltextspeicherung noch nicht recht vertraut ist. Doch ist auch unübersehbar, dass Bibliothekare sehr intensiv mit diesen Möglichkeiten befasst sind. Von den rund 40 Mitarbeitern der einzelnen Beträge sind allein zehn Bibliothekare. Das mag auf den ersten Blick überraschen. Doch sollte nicht übersehen werden, dass ein Ausgangspunkt in dem Engagement der Volltextspeicherung im deutschen Bibliothekswesen in der Lückenschließung der Verluste durch den Zweiten Weltkrieg zum Beispiel durch Mikrofilm-Editionen liegt. Hieraus entwickelten sich neue Möglichkeiten der bibliothekarischen Arbeit, wie es etwa das Karlsruher Institut zeigt. Damit reicht das Thema auch in Deutschland weit zurück. Doch wurden in dem vorliegenden Werk die neuesten Möglichkeiten einer Zusammenarbeit mit professionellen Datenbanken wie etwa Google oder Amazon nicht speziell behandelt. So wird wohl in Kürze eine fortführende Darstellung der Entwicklung wünschenswert sein."

RSWK

Open Access / Kongress / Berlin <2007>
Informationsgesellschaft / Open Access (GBV)

Subject

Open Access / Kongress / Berlin <2007>
Informationsgesellschaft / Open Access (GBV)

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Abstract

Institutionelle Repositorien sind ein wesentliches Instrument, um Open Access sowohl auf dem grünen als auch auf dem goldenen Weg in die Praxis umzusetzen. Der vorliegende Artikel gibt einen Überblick über die derzeit in Deutschland eingesetzten Softwaresysteme, mit denen Institutionelle Repositorien technisch umgesetzt werden können und beleuchtet diese Lösungen unter den Anforderungen des DINI-Zertifikats für Dokumenten- und Publikationsservices 2007. Speziell werden erläutert: Opus, DSpace, EPrints, MyCoRe, Fedora.

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Abstract

The article employs deep log analysis (DLA) techniques, a more sophisticated form of transaction log analysis, to demonstrate what usage data can disclose about information seeking behaviour of virtual scholars - academics, and researchers. DLA works with the raw server log data, not the processed, pre-defined and selective data provided by journal publishers. It can generate types of analysis that are not generally available via proprietary web logging software because the software filters out relevant data and makes unhelpful assumptions about the meaning of the data. DLA also enables usage data to be associated with search/navigational and/or user demographic data, hence the name 'deep'. In this connection the usage of two digital journal libraries, those of EmeraldInsight, and Blackwell Synergy are investigated. The information seeking behaviour of nearly three million users is analyzed in respect to the extent to which they penetrate the site, the number of visits made, as well as the type of items and content they view. The users are broken down by occupation, place of work, type of subscriber ("Big Deal", non-subscriber, etc.), geographical location, type of university (old and new), referrer link used, and number of items viewed in a session.

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Abstract

Describes Microcosm an open hypermedia system developed at the Univ. of Southampton. In Microcosm no information concerning links is held in documents; all link information is held in external linkbases which contain details about the source and destination anchors of the links. Microcosm is also composed of independent components which communicate by passing messages. As working in such an open environment reduces system response work is being carried out in to the use of Microcosm as a hypertext onto other delivery systems. As an intermediate stage HyTime based document structures which describe Microcosm hypertext, especially linkbases are currently being produced. A process which will convert a Microcosm dataset into this representation and then further translation programs to convert the representation to run on other hypermedia delivery systems is being defined

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Abstract

Evaluates, through deep log analysis, the impact of "Big Deal" agreements on the online searching behaviour of users of the Emerald digital library Web site, which provides access to more than 150 journals in the fields of business and information science. The purpose of the evaluation was to map the online information seeking behaviour of the digital library user and to see whether those signed-up to a Big Deal arrangement behaved any differently from the others. In general they did. The real surprise proved to be the strong consumer traits of the library's users. Research reported here refers to the first stage of a three-stage research project.

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Abstract

Ausgehend von der Beschreibung des wissenschaftlichen Publikationsprozesses wird der Not-For-Profit-Bereich näher untersucht. Dabei wird insbesondere Wert auf die Einordnung der Open-Access-Philosophie gelegt und die unterschiedlichen Veröffentlichungsformen werden dargestellt. Beschrieben werden der "Golden Road to Open Access" und ebenso der "Green Road to Open Access". Den Abschluss des Beitrages bildet eine Diskussion der Möglichkeiten und Grenzen des" Green Road to Open Access" als einer alternativen Publikationsform.

Date

27.10.2006 14:21:22

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Abstract

Purpose - This article aims to focus on usage data in respect to full-text downloads of journal articles, which is considered an important usage (satisfaction) metric by librarians and publishers. The purpose is to evaluate the evidence regarding full-text viewing by pooling together data on the full-text viewing of tens of thousands of users studied as part of a number of investigations of e-journal databases conducted during the Virtual Scholar research programme. Design/methodology/approach - The paper reviews the web logs of a number of electronic journal libraries including OhioLINK and ScienceDirect using Deep Log Analysis, which is a more sophisticated form of transactional log analysis. The frequency, characteristics and diversity of full-text viewing are examined. The article also features an investigation into the time spent online viewing full-text articles in order to get a clearer understanding of the significance of full-text viewing, especially in regard to reading. Findings - The main findings are that there is a great deal of variety amongst scholars in their full-text viewing habits and that a large proportion of views are very cursory in nature, although there is survey evidence to suggest that reading goes on offline. Originality/value - This is the first time that full-text viewing evidence is studied on such a large scale.

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Abstract

We present the results of running 4 different papers through the automated filtering system used by the open access preprint server "arXiv" to classify papers and implement quality control barriers. The exercise was carried out in order to assess whether these highly sophisticated, state-of-the-art filters can distinguish between papers that are controversial or have gone past their "sell-by date," and otherwise normal papers. We conclude that not even the arXiv filters, which are otherwise successful in filtering fringe-topic papers, can fully acquire "Domain-Specific Discrimination" and thus distinguish technical papers that are taken seriously by an expert community from those that are not. Finally, we discuss the implications this has for citizen and policy-maker engagement with the Primary Source Knowledge of a technical domain.

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Abstract

Das EconBiz Academic Career Kit ist ein interaktives Online-Tutorial für den wissenschaftlichen Nachwuchs in den Wirtschaftswissenschaften. In drei Modulen geht es um die Themen: erste Veröffentlichung, Open Access, Predatory Journals und Urheberrecht - Wissenschaftskommunikation, kollaboratives Arbeiten, Networking und Metriken - Forschungsdatenmanagement. Angebote der Vermittlung von Informationskompetenz sind in diesen Feldern und für diese Zielgruppe in Deutschland noch nicht flächendeckend verbreitet. Darum - und weil Forschende sich zu diesen Fragen meist im Netz informieren - ist das Academic Career Kit als OER unter der Lizenz CC-BY veröffentlicht und damit zur Bearbeitung und Weiterverwendung durch Dritte freigegeben.

Content

Teil 1 in: Open Password. 2021, Nr.920 vom 10.05.2021.

Date

22. 5.2021 12:43:05

Source

Open Password. 2021, Nr.935 vom 16.06.2021 [https://www.password-online.de/?mailpoet_router&endpoint=view_in_browser&action=view&data=WzMwNSwiMjNiZDFkOWY4Nzg5IiwwLDAsMjc1LDFd]

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Abstract

Die Digital Humanities sind in aller Munde. Die Beschäftigung mit den digitalen Geisteswissenschaften eröffnet aber nicht nur neue Forschungsgebiete, sondern bringt auch eine neue Art zu schreiben mit sich, weil wissenschaftliche Publikationen selbst Gegenstände der digital humanities sind. Elektronische Publikationen, die im Internet erscheinen, müssen, anders als ihre gedruckten Vorgänger dem Umstand Rechnung tragen, dass man sie nicht nur lesen, sondern maschinell bearbeiten kann. Das hat beträchtliche Auswirkungen auf die Texte, mit denen sich auf diese Weise neue Funktionen verbinden, aber auch auf das akademische Publikationswesen, das sich auf gewandelte Produktions- und Distributionsbedingungen einstellen muss. Der erste Teil des Beitrages widmet sich dieser neuen Art zu schreiben, indem er die technischen und formalen Voraussetzungen für elektronische Publikationen analysiert. Der zweite Teil versucht unter der Überschrift "Open Access - Open Source" die Anforderungen und Auswirkungen elektronischen Publizierens auf das akademische Publizieren im Ganzen auszuloten.

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Abstract

Open access (OA) journals distribute their content at no charge and use other means of funding the publication process. Publication fees or article-processing charges (APC)s have become the predominant means for funding professional OA publishing. We surveyed 1,038 authors who recently published articles in 74 OA journals that charge APCs stratified into seven discipline categories. Authors were asked about the source of funding for the APC, factors influencing their choice of a journal and past history publishing in OA and subscription journals. Additional information about the journal and the authors' country were obtained from the journal website. A total of 429 (41%) authors from 69 journals completed the survey. There were large differences in the source of funding among disciplines. Journals with impact factors charged higher APCs as did journals from disciplines where grant funding is plentiful. Fit, quality, and speed of publication were the most important factors in the authors' choice of a journal. OA was less important but a significant factor for many authors in their choice of a journal to publish. These findings are consistent with other research on OA publishing and suggest that OA publishing funded through APCs is likely to continue to grow.

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Abstract

This paper describes high-quality journals in Brazil and Spain, with an emphasis on the distribution models used. It presents the general characteristics (age, type of publisher, and theme) and analyzes the distribution model by studying the type of format (print or digital), the type of access (open access or subscription), and the technology platform used. The 549 journals analyzed (249 in Brazil and 300 in Spain) are included in the 2011 Web of Science (WoS) and Scopus databases. Data on each journal were collected directly from their websites between March and October 2012. Brazil has a fully open access distribution model (97%) in which few journals require payment by authors thanks to cultural, financial, operational, and technological support provided by public agencies. In Spain, open access journals account for 55% of the total and have also received support from public agencies, although to a lesser extent. These results show that there are systems support of open access in scientific journals other than the "author pays" model advocated by the Finch report for the United Kingdom.

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Content

Zum Vertragsabschluss erklärt Sabine Brünger-Weilandt, Geschäftsführerin von FIZ Karlsruhe: "Als wissenschaftlicher Dienstleister und eScidoc-Partner fühlen wir uns der Nachnutzung und Verbreitung des Systems verpflichtet. Die Kooperation mit der VZG bedeutet einen wichtigen Schritt in diesem Prozess. Damit können wir die VZG effektiv und kompetent dabei unterstützen, ihre Leistungen im Bibliotheksverbund noch besser zu erbringen und wertvolle Kulturgüter der Wissenschaft und Forschung digital verfügbar zu machen." Reiner Diedrichs, Direktor der Verbundzentrale, begründet die Entscheidung: "Die durchdachte Architektur, der flexible Umgang mit Metadaten sowie insbesondere die konsequente Verfolgung des Open-Source-Gedankens haben uns überzeugt. Die eSciDoc-Infrastruktur bietet eine solide Grundlage für die weitere Entwicklung unserer Dienstleistungen." FIZ Karlsruhe arbeitet bereits seit mehr als drei Jahren intensiv an E-Science-Lösungen. Im Projekt eSciDoc entwickeln FIZ Karlsruhe und die MaxPlanck-Gesellschaft (MPG) gemeinsam ein System für offene netzbasierte Zusammenarbeit, Kommunikation und Publikation in wissenschaftlichen Forschungsorganisationen. Aufbauend auf seinen längjährigen Erfahrungen im internationalen Informationstransfer und Wissensmanagement hat FIZ Karlsruhe seine Kompetenzen in Richtung zu E-Science erweitert. Über das neue Geschäftsfeld KnowEsis werden in dem komplexen und beratungsintensiven Umfeld von E-Science innovative Dienstleistungen angeboten. Dazu gehören Consulting, Schulung und kundenspezifische Entwicklungen ebenso wie Support sowohl für die eSciDoc-Infrastruktur als auch für das Repository-System Fedora."

Date

7. 4.2008 11:36:22

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Abstract

Purpose The introduction of "altmetrics" as new tools to analyze scientific impact within the reward system of science has challenged the hegemony of citations as the predominant source for measuring scientific impact. Mendeley readership has been identified as one of the most important altmetric sources, with several features that are similar to citations. The purpose of this paper is to perform an in-depth analysis of the differences and similarities between the distributions of Mendeley readership and citations across fields. Design/methodology/approach The authors analyze two issues by using in each case a common analytical framework for both metrics: the shape of the distributions of readership and citations, and the field normalization problem generated by differences in citation and readership practices across fields. In the first issue the authors use the characteristic scores and scales method, and in the second the measurement framework introduced in Crespo et al. (2013). Findings There are three main results. First, the citations and Mendeley readership distributions exhibit a strikingly similar degree of skewness in all fields. Second, the results on "exchange rates (ERs)" for Mendeley readership empirically supports the possibility of comparing readership counts across fields, as well as the field normalization of readership distributions using ERs as normalization factors. Third, field normalization using field mean readerships as normalization factors leads to comparably good results. Originality/value These findings open up challenging new questions, particularly regarding the possibility of obtaining conflicting results from field normalized citation and Mendeley readership indicators; this suggests the need for better determining the role of the two metrics in capturing scientific recognition.

Date

20. 1.2015 18:30:22

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Abstract

The preservation of the scholarly record has been a point of concern since the beginning of knowledge production. With print publications, the responsibility rested primarily with librarians, but the shift toward digital publishing and, in particular, the introduction of open access (OA) have caused ambiguity and complexity. Consequently, the long-term accessibility of journals is not always guaranteed, and they can even disappear from the web completely. The focus of this exploratory study is on the phenomenon of vanished journals, something that has not been carried out before. For the analysis, we consulted several major bibliographic indexes, such as Scopus, Ulrichsweb, and the Directory of Open Access Journals, and traced the journals through the Internet Archive's Wayback Machine. We found 174 OA journals that, through lack of comprehensive and open archives, vanished from the web between 2000 and 2019, spanning all major research disciplines and geographic regions of the world. Our results raise vital concern for the integrity of the scholarly record and highlight the urgency to take collaborative action to ensure continued access and prevent the loss of more scholarly knowledge. We encourage those interested in the phenomenon of vanished journals to use the public dataset for their own research.

Footnote

Vgl. dazu den Letter to the editor: Shelomi, M.: Comment on "Open is not forever: A study of vanished open access journals". In. JASIST 72(2021) no.9, S.1113-1114 [https://asistdl.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/asi.24543]: "One reason these journals may have vanished is that they were predatory journals: a possibility the original paper did not consider." Dazu die Erwiderung der Autoren: Response to comment on "Open is not forever: A study of vanished open access journals". In: JASIST 72(2021) no.9, S.1115-1116 [https://asistdl.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/asi.24542].