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  1. Wissensorganisation in kooperativen Lern- und Arbeitsumgebungen : Proceedings der 8. Tagung der Deutschen Sektion der Internationalen Gesellschaft für Wissensorganisation, Regensburg, 9.-11. Oktober 2002 (2004) 0.02 
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    Abstract
    Mit der Entwicklung von Wissen und weltweiter Kommunikation kommt der Wissensorganisation zunehmend eine Schlüsselrolle zu. Einerseits geht es darum, zu verstehen, was Wissen ist und wie es strukturiert ist, andererseits möchte man die Technik der elektronischen Darstellung und Wiederauffindung des Wissens über den gegenwärtigen Stand hinaus weiterentwickeln. Dabei geht es um vielfältige Anwendungen, z. B. Wissensvertextung, Forschungsunterstützung, Bereitstellung von Wissen in Arbeits- und Entscheidungsprozessen, Weiterbildung, Ordnung, Wissenverknüpfung, Innovationsförderung und anderes. Schwerpunkt der Fachtagung Wissensorganisation 2002 sollte darum unter dem Motto "Wissensorganisation in kooperativen Lern- und Arbeitsumgebungen", in Weiterführung ähnlicher Themen von den beiden vorhergehenden Tagungen, Methoden der Wissensorganisation und den Nutzen ihrer Anwendung im Rahmen von eLearning-Aktivitäten beleuchten sowie andererseits eLearning-Methoden für die Wissensorganisation aufgreifen. Didaktische Modelle wie etwa die Lernontologien stehen dabei ebenso zur Debatte wie Anwendungen von Werkzeugen der Wissensmodellierung oder der begrifflichen Wissensstrukturierung. Ziel soll es sein, den Beitrag der Wissensorganisation zur Entwicklung von Arbeitstechniken und neuer Lernkulturen herauszuarbeiten und gleichzeitig auch didaktische Konzepte für die Wissensorganisation fruchtbar zu machen. Folgende Thematiken können die Ausrichtung dieses Vorhabens beispielhaft skizzieren: - Terminologische Kontrolle in Online-Lernumgebungen - Wie zu organisieren ist (zu Verfahren der Wissensanordnung) - Grundlagen für die Gestaltung von Wissensorganisations- und Lernsystem - Der Benutzer als Lerner - der Lerner als Benutzer - Lehrer als Autoren (der Blick auf den Wissensproduzenten) Die Thematisierung praktischer Arbeitsfelder und Werkzeuge, z. B. die Metadatenorganisation mit XML, werden ergänzt durch vertiefende Reflexion über Wissen. Damit sollen Anregungen zur Konzeption neuer Wissenssysteme zusammengetragen werden. Hier stellen sich Fragen nach der Zerlegbarkeit des Wissens, der Bestimmung der Wissenseinheiten, der Sprachinvarianz des Wissens, der Wissensformalisierung, der punktgenauen Wissensbereitstellung zu spezifischen Problemen usw. Auch zu der Aufgabe, die Gesamtheit und Ganzheit des Wissens zu gewährleisten, werden Antworten gesucht. Der vorliegende Band enthält 20 Beiträge, inklusive drei ausgearbeiteten Versionen von Vorträgen, die zwar auf der 7. Deutschen ISKO Tagung 2001 in Berlin gehalten wurden, aber sich in das hier vorgehaltene Spektrum gut einpassen (von Maik Adomßent zu Lernenden Verwaltungen, von Alfred Gerstenkorn zu Verstehensmanagement und von Christina Rautenstrauch zu Tele-Tutoring). Weiter ist ein Beitrag von Thomas Sporer hinzugefügt worden, der die während der Tagung durchgeführte Video-Dokumentation beleuchtet, sowie ein Beitrag von Peter Ohly zu Semantischen Karten, der im Programm der vorherigen Tagung ausgewiesen war, aber wegen Programmänderungen erst 2002 in Regensburg vorgetragen wurde. Der Vortrag von Norbert Meder zu Metadaten für Lernende Verwaltungen wird 2004 in der Festschrift für Klaus Peter Treumann (Uni Bielefeld) veröffentlicht werden und der Beitrag von Christian Swertz zu Kooperativer Autorenschaft ist zu einem späteren Zeitpunkt zur Veröffentlichung vorgesehen.
    Content
    3. Kooperative Arbeitsumgebungen Maik ADOMßENT (von Berlin 2001): Gestaltungspotenziale kollaborativer Wissensnetzwerke in "Lernenden Verwaltungen" am Beispiel des praxisbezogenen Online-Kurses "Projektmanagement" der Universität Lüneburg S.123 Andreas WENDT: Standardisierungen im E-Learning-Bereich zur Unterstützung der automatisierten Komposition von Lernmaterialien S.133 Katja MRUCK, Marion NIEHOFF, Guenter MEY: Forschungsunterstützung in kooperativen Lernumgebungen: Das Beispiel der "Projektwerkstatt Qualitativen Arbeitens" als Offline- und Online-Begleitkonzept S.143 Irmhild ROGULLA, Mirko PREHN: Arbeitsprozessorientierte Weiterbildung: Prozess-Systematik als Basis für Informationsaneignung, Wissenserwerb und Kompetenzentwicklung S.151 4. Wissensmanagement und Informationsdesign Alexander SIGEL: Wissensmanagement in der Praxis: Wann, wie und warum hilft dort Wissensorganisation (nicht)? S.163 Johannes GADNER, Doris OHNESORGE, Tine ADLER, Renate BUBER: Repräsentation und Organisation von Wissen zur Entscheidungsunterstützung im Management S.175 Kerstin ZIMMERMANN: Die Anforderungen an ein wissenschaftliches Informationsportal für die Telekommunikation S.187 Philip ZERWECK: Gestaltung und Erstellung komplexer Informationsangebote im Web S.197 H. Peter OHLY (von Belin 2001): Erstellung und Interpretation von semantischen Karten am Beispiel des Themas "Soziologische Beratung" S.205 Thomas SPORER, Anton KÖSTLBACHER: Digitale Dokumentation von wissenschaftlichen Veranstaltungen S.219
  2. Kolodner, J.: Case-based reasoning (1993) 0.02 
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    Content
    Pt.1: Background: waht is CBR? Case studies of several case-based reasoners. Reasoning using cases. The cognitive model. Pt.2: The case library: representing and indexing cases. Indexing vocabulary. Methods for index selection. Pt.3: Retrieving cases from the case library. Organizational structures and retrieval algorithms. Matching and ranking cases. Indexing and retrieval. Pt.4: Using cases. Adaptation methods and strategies. Controlling adaptation. Using cases for interpretation and evaluation. Pt.5: Pulling it all together. Building a case-based reasoner. Conclusions, opportunities, challenges. Appendix: A case library of case-based reasoning systems
  3. Knowledge organization and the global information society : Proceedings of the 8th International ISKO Conference 13-16 July 2004, London, UK (2004) 0.01 
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    Content
    Inhalt: Session 1 A: Theoretical Foundations of Knowledge Organization 1 Hanne Albrechtsen, Hans H K Andersen, Bryan Cleal and Annelise Mark Pejtersen: Categorical complexity in knowledge integration: empirical evaluation of a cross-cultural film research collaboratory; Clare Beghtol: Naive classification systems and the global information society; Terence R Smith and Marcia L Zeng: Concept maps supported by knowledge organization structures; B: Linguistic and Cultural Approaches to Knowledge Organization 1 Rebecca Green and Lydia Fraser: Patterns in verbal polysemy; Maria J López-Huertas, MarioBarite and Isabel de Torres: Terminological representation of specialized areas in conceptual structures: the case of gender studies; Fidelia Ibekwe-SanJuan and Eric SanJuan: Mining for knowledge chunks in a terminology network Session 2 A: Applications of Artificial Intelligence and Knowledge Representation 1 Jin-Cheon Na, Haiyang Sui, Christopher Khoo, Syin Chan and Yunyun Zhou: Effectiveness of simple linguistic processing in automatic sentiment classification of product reviews; Daniel J O'Keefe: Cultural literacy in a global information society-specific language: an exploratory ontological analysis utilizing comparative taxonomy; Lynne C Howarth: Modelling a natural language gateway to metadata-enabled resources; B: Theoretical Foundations of Knowledge Organization 2: Facets & Their Significance Ceri Binding and Douglas Tudhope: Integrating faceted structure into the search process; Vanda Broughton and Heather Lane: The Bliss Bibliographic Classification in action: moving from a special to a universal faceted classification via a digital platform; Kathryn La Barre: Adventures in faceted classification: a brave new world or a world of confusion? Session 3 A: Theoretical Foundations of Knowledge Organization 3 Elin K Jacob: The structure of context: implications of structure for the creation of context in information systems; Uta Priss: A semiotic-conceptual framework for knowledge representation Giovanni M Sacco; Accessing multimedia infobases through dynamic taxonomies; Joseph T Tennis: URIS and intertextuality: incumbent philosophical commitments in the development of the semantic web; B: Social & Sociological Concepts in Knowledge Organization Grant Campbell: A queer eye for the faceted guy: how a universal classification principle can be applied to a distinct subculture; Jonathan Furner and Anthony W Dunbar: The treatment of topics relating to people of mixed race in bibliographic classification schemes: a critical ace-theoretic approach; H Peter Ohly: The organization of Internet links in a social science clearing house; Chern Li Liew: Cross-cultural design and usability of a digital library supporting access to Maori cultural heritage resources: an examination of knowledge organization issues; Session 4 A: Knowledge Organization of Universal and Special Systems 1: Dewey Decimal Classification Sudatta Chowdhury and G G Chowdhury: Using DDC to create a visual knowledge map as an aid to online information retrieval; Joan S Mitchell: DDC 22: Dewey in the world, the world in Dewey; Diane Vizine-Goetz and Julianne Beall: Using literary warrant to define a version of the DDCfor automated classification services; B: Applications in Knowledge Representation 2 Gerhard J A Riesthuis and Maja Zumer: FRBR and FRANAR: subject access; Victoria Frâncu: An interpretation of the FRBR model; Moshe Y Sachs and Richard P Smiraglia: From encyclopedism to domain-based ontology for knowledge management: the evolution of the Sachs Classification (SC); Session 5 A: Knowledge Organization of Universal and Special Systems 2 Ágnes Hajdu Barát: Knowledge organization of the Universal Decimal Classification: new solutions, user friendly methods from Hungary; Ia C McIlwaine: A question of place; Aida Slavic and Maria Inês Cordeiro: Core requirements for automation of analytico-synthetic classifications;
    B: Applications in Knowledge Representation 3 Barbara H Kwasnik and You-Lee Chun: Translation of classifications: issues and solutions as exemplified in the Korean Decimal Classification; Hur-Li Lee and Jennifer Clyde: Users' perspectives of the "Collection" and the online catalogue; Jens-Erik Mai: The role of documents, domains and decisions in indexing Session 6 A: Knowledge Organization of Universal and Special Systems 3 Stella G Dextre Clarke, Alan Gilchrist and Leonard Will: Revision and extension of thesaurus standards; Michèle Hudon: Conceptual compatibility in controlled language tools used to index and access the content of moving image collections; Antonio Garcia Jimdnez, Félix del Valle Gastaminza: From thesauri to ontologies: a case study in a digital visual context; Ali Asghar Shiri and Crawford Revie: End-user interaction with thesauri: an evaluation of cognitive overlap in search term selection; B: Special Applications Carol A Bean: Representation of medical knowledge for automated semantic interpretation of clinical reports; Chew-Hung Lee, Christopher Khoo and Jin-Cheon Na: Automatic identification of treatment relations for medical ontology learning: an exploratory study; A Neelameghan and M C Vasudevan: Integrating image files, case records of patients and Web resources: case study of a knowledge Base an tumours of the central nervous system; Nancy J Williamson: Complementary and alternative medicine: its place in the reorganized medical sciences in the Universal Decimal Classification; Session 7 A: Applications in Knowledge Representation 4 Claudio Gnoli: Naturalism vs pragmatism in knowledge organization; Wouter Schallier: On the razor's edge: between local and overall needs in knowledge organization; Danielle H Miller: User perception and the online catalogue: public library OPAC users "think aloud"; B: Knowledge Organization in Corporate Information Systems Anita S Coleman: Knowledge structures and the vocabulary of engineering novices; Evelyne Mounier and Céline Paganelli: The representation of knowledge contained in technical documents: the example of FAQs (frequently asked questions); Martin S van der Walt: A classification scheme for the organization of electronic documents in small, medium and micro enterprises (SMMEs); Session 8 A: Knowledge Organization of Non-print Information: Sound, Image, Multimedia Laura M Bartoto, Cathy S Lowe and Sharon C Glotzer: Information management of microstructures: non-print, multidisciplinary information in a materials science digital library; Pauline Rafferty and Rob Hidderley: A survey of Image trieval tools; Richard P Smiraglia: Knowledge sharing and content genealogy: extensiog the "works" model as a metaphor for non-documentary artefacts with case studies of Etruscan artefacts; B: Linguistic and Cultural Approaches to Knowledge Organization 2 Graciela Rosemblat, Tony Tse and Darren Gemoets: Adapting a monolingual consumer health system for Spanish cross-language information retrieval; Matjaz Zalokar: Preparation of a general controlled vocabulary in Slovene and English for the COBISS.SI library information system, Slovenia; Marianne Dabbadie, Widad Mustafa El Hadi and Francois Fraysse: Coaching applications: a new concept for usage testing an information systems. Testing usage an a corporate information system with K-Now; Session 9 Theories of Knowledge and Knowledge Organization Keiichi Kawamura: Ranganathan and after: Coates' practice and theory; Shiyan Ou, Christopher Khoo, Dion H Goh and Hui-Ying Heng: Automatic discourse parsing of sociology dissertation abstracts as sentence categorization; Iolo Jones, Daniel Cunliffe, Douglas Tudhope: Natural language processing and knowledge organization systems as an aid to retrieval
    Footnote
    Das Rahmenthema der Tagung kam aufgrund des vor und nach der ISKO-Konferenz abgehaltenen "UN World Summit an an Information Society" zustande. Im Titel des Buches ist die "globale Wissensgesellschaft" freilich eher irreführend, da keiner der darin abgedruckten Beiträge zentral davon handelt. Der eine der beiden Vorträge, die den Begriff selbst im Titel anführen, beschäftigt sich mit der Konstruktion einer Taxonomie für "cultural literacy" (O'Keefe), der andere mit sogenannten "naiven Klassifikationssystemen" (Beghtol), d.h. solchen, die im Gegensatz zu "professionellen" Systemen von Personen ohne spezifisches Interesse an klassifikatorischen Fragen entwickelt wurden. Beiträge mit "multi-kulti"-Charakter behandeln etwa Fragen wie - kulturübergreifende Arbeit, etwa beim EU-Filmarchiv-Projekt Collate (Albrechtsen et al.) oder einem Projekt zur Maori-Kultur (Liew); - Mehrsprachigkeit bzw. Übersetzung, z.B. der koreanischen Dezimalklassifikation (Kwasnik & Chun), eines auf der Sears ListofSubject Headings basierenden slowenischen Schlagwortvokabulars (Zalokar), einer spanisch-englischen Schlagwortliste für Gesundheitsfragen (Rosemblat et al.); - universelle Klassifikationssysteme wie die Dewey-Dezimalklassifikation (Joan Mitchell über die DDC 22, sowie zwei weitere Beiträge) und die Internationale Dezimalklassifikation (la McIlwaine über Geographika, Nancy Williamson über Alternativ- und Komplementärmedizin in der UDC). Unter den 55 Beiträgen finden sich folgende - aus der Sicht des Rezensenten - besonders interessante thematische "Cluster": - OPAC-orientierte Beiträge, etwa über die Anforderungen bei derAutomatisierung analytisch-synthetischer Klassifikationssysteme (Slavic & Cordeiro) sowie Beiträge zu Benutzerforschung und -verhalten (Lee & Clyde; Miller); - Erschliessung und Retrieval von visuellen bzw. multimedialen Ressourcen, insbesondere mit Ausrichtung auf Thesauri (Hudin; Garcia Jimenez & De Valle Gastaminza; Rafferty & Hidderley); - Thesaurus-Standards (Dextre Clark et al.), Thesauri und Endbenutzer (Shiri & Revie); - Automatisches Klassifizieren (Vizine-Goetz & Beall mit Bezug auf die DDC; Na et al. über methodische Ansätze bei der Klassifizierung von Produktbesprechungen nach positiven bzw. negativen Gefühlsäusserungen); - Beiträge über (hierzulande) weniger bekannte Systeme wie Facettenklassifikation einschliesslich der Bliss-Klassifikation sowie der Umsetzung der Ideen von Ranganathan durch E.J. Coates (vier Vorträge), die Sachs-Klassifikation (Sachs & Smiraglia) sowie M. S. van der Walts Schema zur Klassifizierung elektronischer Dokumente in Klein- und Mittelbetrieben. Auch die übrigen Beiträge sind mehrheitlich interessant geschrieben und zeugen vom fachlichen Qualitätsstandard der ISKO-Konferenzen. Der Band kann daher bibliothekarischen bzw. informationswissenschaftlichen Ausbildungseinrichtungen sowie Bibliotheken mit Sammelinteresse für Literatur zu Klassifikationsfragen ausdrücklich empfohlen werden. Ausserdem darf der nächsten (= neunten) internationalen ISKO-Konferenz, die 2006 in Wien abgehalten werden soll, mit Interesse entgegengesehen werden.
  4. Keyser, P. de: Indexing : from thesauri to the Semantic Web (2012) 0.01 
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    Date
    24. 8.2016 14:03:22
    Theme
    Konzeption und Anwendung des Prinzips Thesaurus
  5. Hidalgo, C.: Why information grows : the evolution of order, from atoms to economies (2015) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    Why do some nations prosper while others do not? While economists often turn to measures like GDP or per-capita income to answer this question, interdisciplinary theorist Cesar Hidalgo argues that there is a better way to understand economic success. Instead of measuring the money a country makes, he proposes, we can learn more from measuring a country's ability to make complex products--in other words, the ability to turn an idea into an artifact and imagination into capital. In Why Information Grows, Hidalgo combines the seemingly disparate fields of economic development and physics to present this new rubric for economic growth. He argues that viewing development solely in terms of money and politics is too simplistic to provide a true understanding of national wealth. Rather, we should be investigating what makes some countries more capable than others. Complex products--from films to robots, apps to automobiles--are a physical distillation of an economy's knowledge, a measurable embodiment of the education, infrastructure, and capability of an economy. Economic wealth is about applying this knowledge to turn ideas into tangible products, and the more complex these products, the more economic growth a country will experience. Just look at the East Asian countries, he argues, whose rapid rise can be attributed to their ability to manufacture products at all levels of complexity. A radical new interpretation of global economics, Why Information Grows overturns traditional assumptions about wealth and development. In a world where knowledge is quite literally power, Hidalgo shows how we can create societies that are limited by nothing more than their imagination"-- "Why do some nations prosper while others do not? Economists usually turn to measures such as gross domestic product or per capita income to answer this question, but interdisciplinary theorist Cesar Hidalgo argues that we can learn more by measuring a country's ability to make complex products. In Why Information Grows, Hidalgo combines the seemingly disparate fields of economic development and physics to present this new rubric for economic growth. He believes that we should investigate what makes some countries more capable than others. Complex products-from films to robots, apps to automobiles-are a physical distillation of an economy's knowledge, a measurable embodiment of its education, infrastructure, and capability. Economic wealth accrues when applications of this knowledge turn ideas into tangible products; the more complex its products, the more economic growth a country will experience. A radical new interpretation of global economics, Why Information Grows overturns traditional assumptions about the development of economies and the origins of wealth and takes a crucial step toward making economics less the dismal science and more the insightful one."
  6. Wissensspeicher in digitalen Räumen : Nachhaltigkeit, Verfügbarkeit, semantische Interoperabilität. Proceedings der 11. Tagung der Deutschen Sektion der Internationalen Gesellschaft für Wissensorganisation, Konstanz, 20. bis 22. Februar 2008 (2010) 0.01 
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    Content
    Inhalt: A. Grundsätzliche Fragen (aus dem Umfeld) der Wissensorganisation Markus Gottwald, Matthias Klemm und Jan Weyand: Warum ist es schwierig, Wissen zu managen? Ein soziologischer Deutungsversuch anhand eines Wissensmanagementprojekts in einem Großunternehmen H. Peter Ohly: Wissenskommunikation und -organisation. Quo vadis? Helmut F. Spinner: Wissenspartizipation und Wissenschaftskommunikation in drei Wissensräumen: Entwurf einer integrierten Theorie B. Dokumentationssprachen in der Anwendung Felix Boteram: Semantische Relationen in Dokumentationssprachen vom Thesaurus zum semantischen Netz Jessica Hubrich: Multilinguale Wissensorganisation im Zeitalter der Globalisierung: das Projekt CrissCross Vivien Petras: Heterogenitätsbehandlung und Terminology Mapping durch Crosskonkordanzen - eine Fallstudie Manfred Hauer, Uwe Leissing und Karl Rädler: Query-Expansion durch Fachthesauri Erfahrungsbericht zu dandelon.com, Vorarlberger Parlamentsinformationssystem und vorarlberg.at
    E. Metadaten und Ontologien Thomas Baker: Dublin Core Application Profiles: current approaches Georg Hohmann: Die Anwendung des CIDOC für die semantische Wissensrepräsentation in den Kulturwissenschaften Elena Semenova: Ontologie als Begriffssystem. Theoretische Überlegungen und ihre praktische Umsetzung bei der Entwicklung einer Ontologie der Wissenschaftsdisziplinen F. Repositorien und Ressourcen Christiane Hümmer: TELOTA - Aspekte eines Wissensportals für geisteswissenschaftliche Forschung Philipp Scham: Integration von Open-Access-Repositorien in Fachportale Benjamin Zapilko: Dynamisches Browsing im Kontext von Informationsarchitekturen
  7. Salton, G.: Experiments in automatic thesaurus construction for information retrieval (1972) 0.01 
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    Theme
    Konzeption und Anwendung des Prinzips Thesaurus
  8. McCrank, L.J.: Historical information science : an emerging unidiscipline (2001) 0.01 
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    Footnote
    Rez. in: JASIST 54(2003) no.1, S.91-92 (L.A. Ennis): "Historical Införmation Science: An Emerging Unidiscipline, the culmination of research and experience begun in the early 1970s, is a massive work in which Lawrence McCrank, Professor of Library and Information Science and Dean of Library and Information Service at Chicago State University, examines, explains, and discusses the interdisciplinary merging of history and information science. Spanning 1,192 pages McCrank argues for a new field of study called Historical Information Science to mesh "equally the subject matter of a historical field of investigation, quantified Social Science and linguistic research methodologies, computer science and technology, and information science . . . " (p. 1). Throughout this bibliographic essay, containing more than 6,000 citations, McCrank demonstrates how history and information science has the potential to compliment euch other. The primary focus of the book is an the access, preservation, and interpretation of historical resources and how information technology affects research methodology in various information settings such as libraries, museums, and archives. The book, however, is highly scholarly and highly theoretical, even philosophical, and not easy to read. Chapters one through five make up the 578 pages of the bibliographic essay portion of the book. Euch chapter is practically a monograph an its own. Although the individual chapters are divided and subdivided into sections the length and complexity of euch chapters combined with the author's verbosity often obscure the chapters' main focus and argument."
  9. Koltay, T.: Abstracts and abstracting : a genre and set of skills for the twenty-first century (2010) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    Despite their changing role, abstracts remain useful in the digital world. Aimed at both information professionals and researchers who work and publish in different fields, this book summarizes the most important and up-to-date theory of abstracting, as well as giving advice and examples for the practice of writing different kinds of abstracts. The book discusses the length, the functions and basic structure of abstracts. A new approach is outlined on the questions of informative and indicative abstracts. The abstractors' personality, their linguistic and non-linguistic knowledge and skills are also discussed with special attention. The process of abstracting, its steps and models, as well as recipient's role are treated with special distinction. Abstracting is presented as an aimed (purported) understanding of the original text, its interpretation and then a special projection of the information deemed to be worth of abstracting into a new text.Despite the relatively large number of textbooks on the topic there is no up-to-date book on abstracting in the English language. In addition to providing a comprehensive coverage of the topic, the proposed book contains novel views - especially on informative and indicative abstracts. The discussion is based on an interdisciplinary approach, blending the methods of library and information science and linguistics. The book strives to a synthesis of theory and practice. The synthesis is based on a large and existing body of knowledge which, however, is often characterised by misleading terminology and flawed beliefs.
  10. Chaudhury, S.; Mallik, A.; Ghosh, H.: Multimedia ontology : representation and applications (2016) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    The book covers multimedia ontology in heritage preservation with intellectual explorations of various themes of Indian cultural heritage. The result of more than 15 years of collective research, Multimedia Ontology: Representation and Applications provides a theoretical foundation for understanding the nature of media data and the principles involved in its interpretation. The book presents a unified approach to recent advances in multimedia and explains how a multimedia ontology can fill the semantic gap between concepts and the media world. It relays real-life examples of implementations in different domains to illustrate how this gap can be filled. The book contains information that helps with building semantic, content-based search and retrieval engines and also with developing vertical application-specific search applications. It guides you in designing multimedia tools that aid in logical and conceptual organization of large amounts of multimedia data. As a practical demonstration, it showcases multimedia applications in cultural heritage preservation efforts and the creation of virtual museums. The book describes the limitations of existing ontology techniques in semantic multimedia data processing, as well as some open problems in the representations and applications of multimedia ontology. As an antidote, it introduces new ontology representation and reasoning schemes that overcome these limitations. The long, compiled efforts reflected in Multimedia Ontology: Representation and Applications are a signpost for new achievements and developments in efficiency and accessibility in the field.
  11. Townley, H.M.; Gee, R.G.: Thesaurus-making : grow your own wordstock (1980) 0.01 
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    Theme
    Konzeption und Anwendung des Prinzips Thesaurus
  12. Lancaster, F.W.; Warner, A.: Intelligent technologies in library and information service applications (2001) 0.01 
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    Footnote
    Rez. in: JASIST 53(2002) no.4, S.321-322 (I. Fourie): "A substantial literature exists on artificial intelligence (AI) and expert systems in general, as well as in Library and Information Science (LIS). Many reports are over-confident and grossly exaggerate the power and potential of artificial intelligence (AI). This is especially true of the first phase of At, and to some extent also of the third phase that is stimulated by developments surrounding the Internet. The middle phase was mostly marked by disillusionment about the potential of Al and expert systems. The confusion around the promises made by AI and the lack of operational success, leaves managers of library and information services with the dilemma of distinguishing between worthwhile research reporting on operational projects and projects that exists only on paper or in the researchers' heads. It is very difficult to sieve between the two when working through the subject literature, and to distinguish between working technology/applications and wishful thinking. This might be one reason why working systems are sometimes ignored. According to Lancaster and Warner, library managers must also look much wider than the LIS literature to note new trends; this can, however, become a daunting task. Against this background the authors report on a study conducted with the support of the Special Libraries Association's Steven I. Goldspiel Memorial Research Grant. The objective of the study was to gain sufficient familiarity with the developments in Al and related technologies to make recommendations to the information service community on what can be applied, and what to expect in the near future. The intention therefore was to focus on systems that are actually operational, and systems that hold potential for the future. Since digital libraries seems an inevitable part of our future, applications concerning them features strongly in the final recommendations. The scope of AI in Library and Information Science depends on the interpretation of the concepts artificial intelligence and expert systems. "If a system has to `behave intelligently' (e.g. make inferences or learn from its mistakes) to qualify as having AI, few such systems exist in any application. On the other hand, if one accepts that a system exhibits AI if its does things that humans need intelligence to do, many more systems would qualify" (p. 107). One example is the field of subject indexing. The same would apply if a more relaxed definition of expert systems is applied as a system that "can help the non-expert perform some task at a level closer to that of an expert, whether or not all the essential components are in place" (p. 107). Most of the AI literature relevant to libraries falls in the field of expert systems. Lancaster and Warner identify (p. 6) expert systems as " a branch of artificial intelligence, even though very few expert systems exhibit true intelligence.""
  13. Poyner, A.: Enabling end users : information skills training (2005) 0.01 
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    Content
    Key Features Provides information on: (1) identifying key issues relating to end user education in libraries and (2) preparing to give individual tuition and planning group and workshop training The Author The author has worked in the (national) health service, managing library and information services. Recent work emphasis has been an training and development with contributions to specialist training and knowledge projects sponsored by the London Deanery (London Department of Postgraduate Medical and Dental Education - London University). The author now works as a freelance information skills trainer. Readership This book assists library and information professionals who plan to offer end user education through personal tuition. It will encourage library and information professionals to take stock of their service and how it is perceived within their organisations, and ensure that service development facilitates successful information sourcing. Contents Seeking information - transition from passive to involved end user; countering threats to library and information services - promotion; where to find information - library location; library environment/orientation: Identifying key issues - end user awareness and perceptions: survey ideas and methods; information audits; mind mapping; interpretation of results. Key training issues; training needs assessment; questionnaires; pre-training skills selfassessment: The information professional as educator or trainer - changing role of the librarian; librarian as educator or trainer; personal strengths; communication and interpersonal skills; evaluation training activity: The searching process and searching techniques - hierarchical sources of information; constructing search strategies; framing the question; database searching; combining searches; truncation; limiting searches; managing results; evaluation: Preparing training materials - resource specific instruction; courseware basics: The oneto-one training interface - ad hoc training; individual user profiles; being weIl prepared: The group training experience - group composition; learning styles; barriers to learning; basic skills; training sessions; single and multi session training; workshop planning; why evaluate training; future planning: Electronic resources and the computer gateway.
  14. Metarepresentation, self-organization and art (2009) 0.01 
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    Content
    Introduction / Barend van Heusden and Wolfgang Wildgen -- Torturing the torturer, interpretation of evidence as meta-representation / Rik Peters -- Enthymematic reasoning as a meaning-making strategy in spoken discourse / Marcel Bax -- Meta-representation in linguistic jokes / Peiling Cui -- The mathematical structure of pain / Micghael Leyton -- Hypotyposis : meta-representation, mind-reading, and fictive interaction / Todd Oakley -- Film and representation : making filmic meaning / John Bateman -- Musical semantics : A very brief introduction / Ole Kühl -- Meta-representation, self-organization and self-reference in the visual arts / Wolfgang Wildgen -- Imitation, mirror neurons, and meta-cognition / Sven Østergaard -- A pragmaticistic view on metarepresentative semiosis / Ulf Harebdarski -- On the metascientific representation of inconsistency in linguistic theories / András Kertész and Csilla Rákosi -- Self-organization and identity links between theories / Peter Jo?rg Plath -- Meta-representations and paradigms / Boris and Hella Schapiro.
  15. Penfield, W.: ¬The mystery of the mind : a critical study of consciousness and the human brain (1975) 0.01 
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    Content
    Inhalt: 1. Sherringtonian Alternatives-Two Fundamental Elements or Only One? 2. To Consciousness the Brain Is Messenger 3. Neuronal Action within the Brain 4. Sensory and Voluntary-Motor Organization 5. The Indispensable Substratum of Consciousness 6. The Stream of Consciousness Electrically Reactivated 7. Physiological Interpretation of an Epileptic Seizure 8. An Early Conception of Memory Mechanisms - And a Late Conclusion 9. The Interpretive Cortex 10. An Automatic Sensory-Motor Mechanism 11. Centrencephalic Integration and Coordination 12. The Highest Brain-Mechanism 13. The Stream of Consciousness 14. Introspection by Patient and Surgeon 15. Doubling of Awareness 16. Brain as Computer, Mind as Programmer 17. What the Automatic Mechanism Can Do 18. Recapitulation 19. Relationship of Mind to Brain-A Case Example 20. Man's Being-A Choice Between Two Explanations 21. ComprehensibilityReflections.
  16. Chalmers, D.J.: ¬The conscious mind : in search of a fundamental theory (1996) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    What is consciousness? How do physical processes in the brain give rise to the self-aware mind and to feelings as profoundly varied as love or hate, aesthetic pleasure or spiritual yearning? These questions today are among the most hotly debated issues among scientists and philosophers, and we have seen in recent years superb volumes by such eminent figures as Francis Crick, Daniel C. Dennett, Gerald Edelman, and Roger Penrose, all firing volleys in what has come to be called the consciousness wars. Now, in The Conscious Mind, philosopher David J. Chalmers offers a cogent analysis of this heated debate as he unveils a major new theory of consciousness, one that rejects the prevailing reductionist trend of science, while offering provocative insights into the relationship between mind and brain. Writing in a rigorous, thought-provoking style, the author takes us on a far-reaching tour through the philosophical ramifications of consciousness. Chalmers convincingly reveals how contemporary cognitive science and neurobiology have failed to explain how and why mental events emerge from physiological occurrences in the brain. He proposes instead that conscious experience must be understood in an entirely new light--as an irreducible entity (similar to such physical properties as time, mass, and space) that exists at a fundamental level and cannot be understood as the sum of its parts. And after suggesting some intriguing possibilities about the structure and laws of conscious experience, he details how his unique reinterpretation of the mind could be the focus of a new science. Throughout the book, Chalmers provides fascinating thought experiments that trenchantly illustrate his ideas. For example, in exploring the notion that consciousness could be experienced by machines as well as humans, Chalmers asks us to imagine a thinking brain in which neurons are slowly replaced by silicon chips that precisely duplicate their functions--as the neurons are replaced, will consciousness gradually fade away? The book also features thoughtful discussions of how the author's theories might be practically applied to subjects as diverse as artificial intelligence and the interpretation of quantum mechanics.
  17. Panizzi, A.K.C.B.: Passages in my official life (1871) 0.01 
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    Date
    22. 7.2007 12:05:26
    22. 7.2007 12:08:24
  18. Advances in librarianship (1998) 0.01 
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    Issue
    Vol.22.
    Signature
    78 BAHH 1089-22
  19. Dewey-Dezimalklassifikation : DDC 22 (2005) 0.01 
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    Content
    Zum ersten Mal liegt die Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC) auf Deutsch vor. Die Deutsche Bibliothek und die Fachhochschule Köln haben im Rahmen eines von der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft finanzierten Projekts die 2003 erschienene Standard Edition der DDC 22 übersetzt und damit die Grundlage für die Nutzung der DDC im deutschsprachigen Raum geschaffen. In vier Bänden verzeichnet die DDC in etwa 60.000 Hauptklassen das gesamte Weltwissen in einer hierarchisch gegliederten Form, ergänzt durch umfangreiche Hilfstafeln für alle geografischen, ethnografischen und sprachlichen Einheiten und ein alphabetisches Register mit etwa 80.000 Einträgen.
    Footnote
    Rez. in: Informationsmittel für Bibliotheken (Online-Ausgabe) 06-2-176 (H. Wiesenmüller): "Die erste Version der Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC) erschien 1876 - bis zur ersten deutschen Ausgabe hat es mithin fast 130 Jahre gedauert, obwohl die DDC schon in mehr als 30 Sprachen vorliegt. Dies zeigt deutlich, wie gering das Interesse an dieser Klassifikation im deutschsprachigen Raum noch bis vor kurzem gewesen ist. Kein Wunder, wurde doch der DDC - häufig sehr pauschal - eine rein amerikanische Weltsicht und ein antiquiertes Wissenschaftsbild unterstellt. Nichtsdestoweniger war der Einsatz einer deutschen DDC bereits 1998 von der Expertengruppe Klassifikation empfohlen worden. Eine Machbarkeitsstudie aus dem Jahr 2000 unterstützte diese Beurteilung und machte konkrete Vorgaben für die praktische Umsetzung. Zu den Vorteilen der DDC gehört ihre weltweite Verbreitung (wobei einschränkend zu sagen ist, daß die meisten 'academic libraries' in den USA nicht die DDC, sondern die Library of Congress Classification anwenden) sowie ihre kontinuierliche Pflege und dadurch verhältnismäßig hohe Aktualität, die sich freilich i.d.R. erst auf den tieferen Ebenen zeigt. In jüngerer Zeit hat sie außerdem große Bedeutung bei der sachlichen Erschließung von Online-Ressourcen gewonnen und wird von vielen Dokumentenservern und Fachportalen zumindest für ein grobes Klassifizieren eingesetzt. Die seit Oktober 2005 vorliegende deutsche Übersetzung der 22. Standard Edition von 2003 ist das Ergebnis eines an der Fachhochschule Köln und der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek (DNB) angesiedelten und von der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) finanzierten Projekts (Laufzeit: 2002-2005). Das Projekt wurde von einer vom Standardisierungsausschuß eingesetzten Expertengruppe begleitet; über das Konsortium DDC Deutsch waren außerdem mehrere deutsche Bibliotheksverbünde sowie der Österreichische Bibliothekenverbund und die Schweizerische Landesbibliothek eingebunden.
    Die hier anzuzeigende Druckausgabe wurde mit Hilfe eines speziell dafür entwickelten, datenbankgestützten Editionssystems erstellt. Parallel wurde ein Online-Dienst ('Melvil') aufgebaut, der im Vergleich zur Printversion mancherlei Vorteile besitzt. So wird Melvil halbjährlich aktualisiert und erweitert: Dabei werden nicht nur die amerikanischen Ergänzungslieferungen eingespielt, sondern auch synthetische, d.h. 'zusammengebaute' Notationen aus der praktischen Anwendung der DNB. Auch die Suchfunktionalitäten gehen deutlich über die Möglichkeiten der Druckausgabe hinaus - nicht zuletzt auf Grund einer sukzessiven Anreicherung mit Suchbegriffen aus der Schlagwortnormdatei (SWD) im Rahmen eines weiteren DFG-Projekts ('CrissCross'). So könnte man sich durchaus fragen, warum überhaupt eine Druckausgabe produziert wurde. Diese hat jedoch den unschätzbaren Vorteil, mit einer einmaligen Zahlung (wenn auch eines stattlichen Preises!) abgegolten zu sein, während für die Nutzung von Melvil jährliche Lizenzgebühren anfallen. Trotz ihres Umfangs von zusammen über 4000 Seiten sind die vier Bände vom Gewicht her erfreulich leicht ausgefallen. Das sehr dünne Papier hat allerdings den Nachteil, daß der Text der Rückseite deutlich durchschlägt. Als ausgesprochen gelungen empfand die Rezensentin die Umschlaggestaltung, bei der das klassische Dunkelgrün der DDC-Ausgaben mit dem bekannten (um nicht zu sagen: berüchtigten) Orange des Saur-Verlags kombiniert wurde. Der erste Band enthält - neben verschiedenen Vorworten und Begleittexten - eine kurz gefaßte Einführung in die DDC (im Original: Introduction to Dewey Decimal Classification; im Deutschen etwas unglücklich wiedergegeben als Einleitung in die Dewey-Dezimalklassifikation), die Praxishilfe und die Hilfstafeln. In der Praxishilfe (im Original: Manual) werden schwierige Fälle erläutert, z.B. die Abgrenzung inhaltlich eng verwandter Klassen. Obwohl die Praxishilfe für die 22. Auflage komplett überarbeitet wurde, ist der Text noch immer recht schwer zu lesen. In der deutschen Fassung ergeben sich dabei z.T. komplizierte Schachtelsätze, die sich über fünf oder gar sechs Zeilen erstrecken.3 Die Haupttafeln finden sich im zweiten und dritten Band, das Register im abschließenden vierten Band.
  20. Aitchison, J.; Gilchrist, A.: Thesaurus construction : a practical manual (1987) 0.01 
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    Theme
    Konzeption und Anwendung des Prinzips Thesaurus

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