Search (37 results, page 1 of 2)

  • × author_ss:"Borgman, C.L."
  1. Borgman, C.L.: Performance effects of a user's mental model of an information retrieval system (1983) 0.01 
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    Source
    Proceedings of the American Society for Information Science. 46(1983), S.121-124
  2. Borgman, C.L.: Mental models: ways of looking at a system : training users with mental models can improve performance (1982) 0.01 
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    Source
    Bulletin of the American Society for Information Science. 9(1982) no.2, S.38-39
  3. Borgman, C.L.: ¬The user's mental model of an information retrieval system : an experiment on a prototype online catalogue (1986) 0.01 
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  4. Hirsh, S.G.; Borgman, C.L.: Comparing children's use of browsing and keyword searching on the Science Library catalog (1995) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    Reports on a continuing project to study children's search behaviour on an automated library catalogue designed for children, called the Science Library Catalog. This experiment exployed an advanced version of the system which combines the browsing features of earlier versions with keyword capabilities that do not require correct spelling, searching alphabetical lists, or using Boolean logic. 5th grade children are able to use browsing and keyword searchs trategies successfully, relying on browsing to familiarize themselves with the system and graduating to keyword methods after they are comfortable with the system. Children's level of science domian knowledge was found to influence both their success in finding books and their search behaviour, with children with high domain knowledge finding books more successfully and utilizing more keyword and mixed search methgods. Results contribute to understanding of the factors affecting children's search behaviour
    Imprint
    Medford, NJ : Learned Information
    Source
    Forging new partnerships in information: converging technologies. Proceedings of the 58th Annual Meeting of the American Society for Information Science, ASIS'95, Chicago, IL, 9-12 October 1995. Ed.: T. Kinney
  5. Borgman, C.L.: Why are online catalogs still hard to use? (1996) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    We return to arguments made 10 years ago that online catalogs are difficult to use because their design does not incorporate sufficient understanding of searching behavior. The earlier article examined studies of information retrieval system searching for their implications for online catalog design; this article examines the implications of card catalog design for online catalogs. With this analysis, we hope to contribute to a better understanding of user behavior and to lay to rest the card catalog design model for online catalogs. We discuss the problems with query matching systems, which were designed for skilled search intermediaries rather than end-users, and the knowledge and skills they require in the information-seeking process, illustrated with examples of searching card and online catalogs. Searching requires conceptual knowledge of the information retrieval process - translating an information need into a searchable query; semantic knowledge of how to implement a query in a given system - the how and when to use system features; and technical skills in executing the query - basic computing skills and the syntax of entering queries as specific search statements. In the short term, we can help make online catalogs easier to use through improved training and documentation that is based on information-seeking bahavior, with the caveat that good training is not a substitute for good system design. Our long term goal should be to design intuitive systems that require a minimum of instruction. Given the complexity of the information retrieval problem and the limited capabilities of today's systems, we are far from achieving that goal. If libraries are to provide primary information services for the networked world, they need to put research results on the information-seeking process into practice in designing the next generation of online public access information retrieval systems
    Source
    Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 47(1996) no.7, S.493-503
  6. Borgman, C.L.: Why are online catalogs hard to use? : lessons learned from information-retrieval studies (1986) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    Research in user behavior on online catalogs is in its early stages, but preliminary findings suggest that users encounter many of the same problems identified in behavioral studies of other types of bibliographic retrieval systems. Much can be learned from comparing the results of user behavior studies on these two types of systems. Research on user problems with both the mechanical aspects and the conceptual aspects of system use is reviewed, with the conclusion that more similiratiy exists across types of systems in conceptual than in mechanical problems. Also discussed are potential sources of the problems, due either to individual characteristics or to system variables. A series of research questions is proposed and a number of potential interim solutions ae suggested for alleviating some of the problems encountered by users of information systems
    Source
    Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 37(1986), S.387-400
  7. Borgman, C.L.; Walter, V.A.; Rosenberg, J.: ¬The Science Library Catalog project : comparison of children's searching behaviour in hypertext and a keyword search system (1991) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    Reports on a continuing project to study children's use of a graphically-based direct manipulation interface for science materials. The Science Library Catalogue (SLC), a component of project SEED, has been implemented in the libraries of 21 elementary schools in Los Angeles and will soon be implemented in a public library. The interface employs a hierarchical structure drawn from the DDC and implemented in HyperCard on the Macintosh. The study on the 2nd version of the interface indicates that children are able to use the Science Library Catalogue unaided, with reasonable success in finding items. Search success on the same topics on a Boolean command driven system was equivalent, but Boolean searches were faster. However, the Boolean system was more sensitive to differences in age, with 12-year-olds having significantly better success rates than 10-year-olds; and to search topic, with one set of questions being much easier to search than the other. On average, children liked the 2 systems about the same; the Boolean system was more attractive to certain age and gender combinations, while the Science Library Catalogue was more consistently liked across groups. results are compared to prior studies on the Science Library Catalogue and other online catalogues
    Imprint
    Medford : Learned Information Inc.
  8. Meadow, C.T.; Cerny, B.A.; Borgman, C.L.; Case, D.O.: Online access to knowledge : system design (1989) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    The project online access to knowledge (OAK) has developed a computer intermediary for delected users of the Department of Energy's DOE/RECON and BASIS online information retrieval systems. Its purpose is to enable people who have little or no training or experience in bibliographic searching to conduct their own searches, without the assistance of a trained librarian. hence permitting the user to work in both a place and time of his or her choosing. The purpose of this article is to report on the design and the rationale for the design. OAK software consists of both a tutorial and an assistance program. The latter does not employ a command language, hence obviates the need for a searcher to learn the formal language usually associated with an online database search service. It is central to our approach that this system does not supplant the user's ultimate primacy in knowing what he or she is looking for, nor in judging the results
    Source
    Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 40(1989), S.86-98
  9. Pepe, A.; Mayernik, M.; Borgman, C.L.; Van de Sompel, H.: From artifacts to aggregations : modeling scientific life cycles on the semantic Web (2010) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    In the process of scientific research, many information objects are generated, all of which may remain valuable indefinitely. However, artifacts such as instrument data and associated calibration information may have little value in isolation; their meaning is derived from their relationships to each other. Individual artifacts are best represented as components of a life cycle that is specific to a scientific research domain or project. Current cataloging practices do not describe objects at a sufficient level of granularity nor do they offer the globally persistent identifiers necessary to discover and manage scholarly products with World Wide Web standards. The Open Archives Initiative's Object Reuse and Exchange data model (OAI-ORE) meets these requirements. We demonstrate a conceptual implementation of OAI-ORE to represent the scientific life cycles of embedded networked sensor applications in seismology and environmental sciences. By establishing relationships between publications, data, and contextual research information, we illustrate how to obtain a richer and more realistic view of scientific practices. That view can facilitate new forms of scientific research and learning. Our analysis is framed by studies of scientific practices in a large, multidisciplinary, multi-university science and engineering research center, the Center for Embedded Networked Sensing.
    Source
    Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 61(2010) no.3, S.567-582
  10. Borgman, C.L.; Hirsh, S.G.; Hiller, J.: Rethinking online monitoring methods for information retrieval systems : from search product to search process (1996) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    Searching information retrieval systems is a highly interactive, iterative process that cannot be understood simply by comparing the output of a search session (the 'search product') to a query stated in advance. In this article, we examine evaluation goals and methods for studying information retrieval behavior, drawing examples from our own research and that of others. We limit our review to research that employs online monitoring, also known as transaction log analysis. Online monitoring is one of few methods that can capture detailed data on the search process at a reasonable cost; these data can be used to build quantitative models or to support qualitative interpretations of quatitative results. Monitoring is a data collection technique rather than a research design, and can be employed in experimental of field studies, whether alone or combined with other data collection methods. Based on the the research questions of interest, the researcher must determine what variables to collect from each data source, which to treat as independent varaibles to manipulate, and which to treat as dependent variables to observe effects. Studies of searching behavior often treat search task and searcher characteristics as independent variables and may manipulate other independent variables specific to the research questions addressed. Search outcomes, time, and search paths frequently are treated as dependent variables. We discuss each of these sets of variables, illustrating them with sample results from the literature and from our own research. Our examples are drawn from the Science Library Catalog project, a 7-year study of children's searching behavior on an experimental retrieval system. We close with a brief discussion of the implications of these results for the design of information retrieval systems
    Source
    Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 47(1996) no.7, S.568-583
  11. Borgman, C.L.; Hirsh, S.G.; Walter, V.A.; Gallagher, A.L.: Childrens searching behavior on browsing and keyword online catalogs : the Science Library Catalog project (1995) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    As we seek both to improve public school education in high technology areas and to link libraries and classrooms on the 'information superhighway', we need to understand more about children's information searching abilities. We present results of 4 experiments conducted on 4 versions of the Science Library Catalog (SLC), a Dewey Decimal based hierarchical browsing systems implemeted in HyperCard without a keyboard. The experiments were conducted over a 3-year period at 3 sites, with 4 databases, and with comparisons to 2 different keyword online catalogs. Subjects were ethnically and culturally diverse children aged 9 through 12; with 32 to 34 children participating in each experiment. Children were provided explicit instruction and reference materials for the keyword systems but not for the SLC. The number of search topics matched was comparable across all systems and all experiments; search times were comparable, thought hey varied among the 4 SLC versions and between the 2 keyword OPACs. The SLC overall was robust to differences in age, sex and computer experience. One of the keyword OPACs was subject to minor effects of age and computer experience; the other was not. We found relationships between search topic and system structure, such that the most difficult topics on the SLC were those hard to locate in the hierarchy, and those most difficult on the keyword OPACs were hard to spell or required children to generate their own search terms. The SLC approach overcomes problems with several searching features that are difficult for children in typical keyword OPAC systems; typing skills, spelling, vocabulary, and Boolean logic. Results have general implications for the desing of information retrieval systems for children
    Source
    Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 46(1995) no.9, S.663-684
  12. Borgman, C.L.: Will the global information infrastructure be the library of the future? : Central and Eastern Europe as a case example (1996) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    Addresses the technical and policy issues in the development of an international infrastructure for the flow of information by studying the emerging national information infrastructures in 6 post communist countries in Central and Eastern Europe. The study consisted of interviews with over 300 library managers, computing network administrators, government policy makers and other information professionals conducted in 1993 and 1994 in Croatia, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Slovakia and Slovenia, plus a 1994 mail survey of research libraries in these countries. After presenting the principles under which the G-7 leading industrialized countries have agreed to collaborate on constructing a Global Information Infrastructure (GII), presents examples from the survey on how the GII pronciples might be addressed. Results of the longitudinal study were reported at greater length in the Proceedings of the 58th Meeting of the ASIS, 1995, S.27-34
    Source
    IFLA journal. 22(1996) no.2, S.121-127
  13. Borgman, C.L.; Smart, L.J.; Millwood, K.A.; Finley, J.R.; Champeny, L.; Gilliland, A.J.; Leazer, G.H.: Comparing faculty information seeking in teaching and research : implications for the design of digital libraries (2005) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    ADEPT is a 5-year project whose goals are to develop, deploy, and evaluate inquiry learning capabilities for the Alexandria Digital Library, an extant digital library of primary sources in geography. We interviewed nine geography faculty members who teach undergraduate courses about their information seeking for research and teaching and their use of information resources in teaching. These data were supplemented by interviews with four faculty members from another ADEPT study about the nature of knowledge in geography. Among our key findings are that geography faculty are more likely to encounter useful teaching resources while seeking research resources than vice versa, although the influence goes in both directions. Their greatest information needs are for research data, maps, and images. They desire better searching by concept or theme, in addition to searching by location and place name. They make extensive use of their own research resources in their teaching. Among the implications for functionality and architecture of geographic digital libraries for educational use are that personal digital libraries are essential, because individual faculty members have personalized approaches to selecting, collecting, and organizing teaching resources. Digital library services for research and teaching should include the ability to import content from common office software and to store content in standard formats that can be exported to other applications. Digital library services can facilitate sharing among faculty but cannot overcome barriers such as intellectual property rights, access to proprietary research data, or the desire of individuals to maintain control over their own resources. Faculty use of primary and secondary resources needs to be better understood if we are to design successful digital libraries for research and teaching.
    Date
    3. 6.2005 20:40:22
    Source
    Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 56(2005) no.6, S.636-657
    Theme
    Information Gateway
  14. Borgman, C.L.: ¬The conundrum of sharing research data (2012) 0.00 
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    Date
    11. 6.2012 15:22:29
    Series
    Advances in information science
    Source
    Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 63(2012) no.6, S.1059-1078
  15. Borgman, C.L.; Scharnhorst, A.; Golshan, M.S.: Digital data archives as knowledge infrastructures : mediating data sharing and reuse (2019) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    Digital archives are the preferred means for open access to research data. They play essential roles in knowledge infrastructures-robust networks of people, artifacts, and institutions-but little is known about how they mediate information exchange between stakeholders. We open the "black box" of data archives by studying DANS, the Data Archiving and Networked Services institute of The Netherlands, which manages 50+ years of data from the social sciences, humanities, and other domains. Our interviews, weblogs, ethnography, and document analyses reveal that a few large contributors provide a steady flow of content, but most are academic researchers who submit data sets infrequently and often restrict access to their files. Consumers are a diverse group that overlaps minimally with contributors. Archivists devote about half their time to aiding contributors with curation processes and half to assisting consumers. Given the diversity and infrequency of usage, human assistance in curation and search remains essential. DANS' knowledge infrastructure encompasses public and private stakeholders who contribute, consume, harvest, and serve their data-many of whom did not exist at the time the DANS collections originated-reinforcing the need for continuous investment in digital data archives as their communities, technologies, and services evolve.
    Date
    7. 7.2019 11:58:22
    Source
    Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 70(2019) no.8, S.888-904
  16. Borgman, C.L.; Chignell, M.H.; Valdez, F.: Designing an information retrieval interface based on children's categorization of knowledge : a pilot study (1989) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    The study assessed the ability of children to categorise concepts that will be used to organise an information retrieval interface. The work was done of Project SEED (Science for Early Educational Development), a project to develop hands-on science programmes for elementary schools. Aims to tailor an interface to the particular skills of children in organising science knowledge. The results are promising for the design of IR interfaces based on children's abilities to manipulate information.
    Imprint
    Medford, New Jersey : Learned Information
    Source
    ASIS'89. Managing information and technology. Proceedings of the 52nd annual meeting of the American Society for Information Science, Washington, D.C., 30.10.-2.11.1989. Vol. 26. Ed. by J. Katzer and G.B. Newby
  17. Borgman, C.L.: Psychological research in human-computer interaction (1984) 0.00 
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    Source
    Annual review of information science and technology. 19(1984), S.33-64
  18. Borgman, C.L.: Individual differences in the use of technology : work in progress (1985) 0.00 
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    Source
    Proceedings of the American Society for Information Science. 48(1985), S.243-249
  19. Borgman, C.L.: Human computer interaction with information retrieval systems : understanding complex communication behavior (1986) 0.00 
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  20. Borgman, C.L.: What are Digital Libraries? : competing visions (1999) 0.00 
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    Source
    Information processing and management. 35(1999) no.3, S.227-243

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