Search (12 results, page 1 of 1)

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Pages

S.1000-1007

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Date

23.10.1996 17:26:29

Source

Bibliothek: Forschung und Praxis. 22(1998) H.3, S.344-353

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Abstract

Die gegenwärtig modernste Methode zur Verarbeitung, Speicherung, Wiederfindung und Verbreitung von (schriftlich) fixierten Fachinformationen, nämlich das "Information Retrieval", wirft eine Reihe von Fragen auf, die in der philosophischen Diskussion unter die Rubrik "Hermeneutik" fallen. Die Hermeneutik befaßt sich mit dem Verstehen und sie hat, bevor sie zu einer allgemeinen bzw. philosophischen Hermeneutik entwickelt wurde, diese Fragen in Zusammenhang mit der Interpretation von "klassischen" Texten (insbesondere theologischen, aber auch literarischen, juristischen usw.) eingehend thematisiert: aus den Fragen, die z.B. die Interpretation von juristischen Texten aufwarf, entwickelte sich eine juristische Hermeneutik usw. Von hier aus ist es verständlich, daß, wann immer die Auseinandersetzung mit dem schriftlich Fixierten im Mittelpunkt steht, eine dem jeweiligen Textinhalt entsprechende Hermeneutik entsteht, wobei es unwichtig ist, ob die behandelten hermeneutischen Fragen ausdrücklich unter diesem Namen erörtert werden oder nicht. Sammlung, Auswertung, Verarbeitung, Speicherung, Wiederfindung, Vermittlung und Nutzung von Fachinformationen weisen auf eine lange Geschichte hin, die aber nicht Gegenstand dieser Untersuchungen ist.[1] Unser sogenanntes Informationszeitalter kann u.a. als solches mit Recht gekennzeichnet werden, nicht weil es so etwas wie Information oder Fachinformation in früheren Epochen nicht gab, sondern weil diese Sachverhalte in unserer Zeit besonders 'frag-würdig' geworden sind. Der Verlust an Selbstverständlichkeit ist das Kennzeichen einer hermeneutischen, d.h. interpretationsbedürftigen Situation. Fachinformation als hermeneutische Frage? Das betrifft die Frage nach ihrem Verstehen und unser Selbstverständnis.

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Date

29. 1.1997 18:49:05

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Date

29. 1.1997 18:49:05

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Pages

22 S

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Abstract

Discussions about the concept of information in other disciplines are very important for IS because many theories and approaches in IS have their origins elsewhere (see the section "Information as an Interdisciplinary Concept" in this chapter). The epistemological concept of information brings into play nonhuman information processes, particularly in physics and biology. And vice versa: the psychic and sociological processes of selection and interpretation may be considered using objective parameters, leaving aside the semantic dimension, or more precisely, by considering objective or situational parameters of interpretation. This concept can be illustrated also in physical terms with regard to release mechanisms, as we suggest. Our overview of the concept of information in the natural sciences as well as in the humanities and social sciences cannot hope to be comprehensive. In most cases, we can refer only to fragments of theories. However, the reader may wish to follow the leads provided in the bibliography. Readers interested primarily in information science may derive most benefit from the section an "Information in Information Science," in which we offer a detailed explanation of diverse views and theories of information within our field; supplementing the recent ARIST chapter by Cornelius (2002). We show that the introduction of the concept of information circa 1950 to the domain of special librarianship and documentation has in itself had serious consequences for the types of knowledge and theories developed in our field. The important question is not only what meaning we give the term in IS, but also how it relates to other basic terms, such as documents, texts, and knowledge. Starting with an objectivist view from the world of information theory and cybernetics, information science has turned to the phenomena of relevance and interpretation as basic aspects of the concept of information. This change is in no way a turn to a subjectivist theory, but an appraisal of different perspectives that may determine in a particular context what is being considered as informative, be it a "thing" (Buckland, 1991b) or a document. Different concepts of information within information science reflect tensions between a subjective and an objective approach. The concept of interpretation or selection may be considered to be the bridge between these two poles. It is important, however, to consider the different professions involved with the interpretation and selection of knowledge. The most important thing in IS (as in information policy) is to consider information as a constitutive forte in society and, thus, recognize the teleological nature of information systems and services (Braman, 1989).

Year

2002

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Date

29. 1.1997 18:49:05

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Date

23.10.1996 17:26:29

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29. 1.1997 18:49:05

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29. 1.1997 18:49:05

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Date

29. 1.1997 18:49:05