-
Méndez, E.; López, L.M.; Siches, A.; Bravo, A.G.: DCMF: DC & Microformats, a good marriage (2008)
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- Abstract
- This report introduces the Dublin Core Microformats (DCMF) project, a new way to use the DC element set within X/HTML. The DC microformats encode explicit semantic expressions in an X/HTML webpage, by using a specific list of terms for values of the attributes "rev" and "rel" for <a> and <link> elements, and "class" and "id" of other elements. Microformats can be easily processed by user agents and software, enabling a high level of interoperability. These characteristics are crucial for the growing number of social applications allowing users to participate in the Web 2.0 environment as information creators and consumers. This report reviews the origins of microformats; illustrates the coding of DC microformats using the Dublin Core Metadata Gen tool, and a Firefox extension for extraction and visualization; and discusses the benefits of creating Web services utilizing DC microformats.
- Source
- Metadata for semantic and social applications : proceedings of the International Conference on Dublin Core and Metadata Applications, Berlin, 22 - 26 September 2008, DC 2008: Berlin, Germany / ed. by Jane Greenberg and Wolfgang Klas
-
MacLennan, A.: Interesting times (1998)
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- Abstract
- It is apparent that, despite the common reference to the World Wide Web as a "digital library", it lacks any of the organising features which would be expected from a library. The rate of growth of Web resources is such that they have grown, and continue to grow, beyond the ability of human intervention to catalogue them or control access to them. The software tools which have so far emerged to assist searching are inadequate for the task, but it is hoped that a development in standards will lead to documents being created with the "hooks" in place, which will facilitate their retrieval by tools yet to be developed. Dublin Core metadata appears to be the optimum such emergent standard, and its use is to be encouraged among Web authors.
- Footnote
- Festschrift article to mark the retirement of Douglas Anderson from 24 years at the School of Information and Media, Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, Scotland
-
Gardner, T.; Iannella, R.: Architecture and software solutions (2000)
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- Abstract
- The current subject gateways have evolved over time when the discipline of Internet resource discovery was in its infancy. This is reflected by the lack of well-established, light-weight, deployable, easy-to-use, standards for metadata and information retrieval. We provide an introduction to the architecture, standards and software solutions in use by subject gateways, and to the issues that must be addressed to support future subject gateways
- Date
- 22. 6.2002 19:38:24
- Source
- Online information review. 24(2000) no.1, S.35-39
- Theme
- Information Gateway
-
Peters, I.; Stock, W.G.: Power tags in information retrieval (2010)
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- Abstract
- Purpose - Many Web 2.0 services (including Library 2.0 catalogs) make use of folksonomies. The purpose of this paper is to cut off all tags in the long tail of a document-specific tag distribution. The remaining tags at the beginning of a tag distribution are considered power tags and form a new, additional search option in information retrieval systems. Design/methodology/approach - In a theoretical approach the paper discusses document-specific tag distributions (power law and inverse-logistic shape), the development of such distributions (Yule-Simon process and shuffling theory) and introduces search tags (besides the well-known index tags) as a possibility for generating tag distributions. Findings - Search tags are compatible with broad and narrow folksonomies and with all knowledge organization systems (e.g. classification systems and thesauri), while index tags are only applicable in broad folksonomies. Based on these findings, the paper presents a sketch of an algorithm for mining and processing power tags in information retrieval systems. Research limitations/implications - This conceptual approach is in need of empirical evaluation in a concrete retrieval system. Practical implications - Power tags are a new search option for retrieval systems to limit the amount of hits. Originality/value - The paper introduces power tags as a means for enhancing the precision of search results in information retrieval systems that apply folksonomies, e.g. catalogs in Library 2.0environments.
-
Heery, R.: Information gateways : collaboration and content (2000)
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- Abstract
- Information subject gateways provide targeted discovery services for their users, giving access to Web resources selected according to quality and subject coverage criteria. Information gateways recognise that they must collaborate on a wide range of issues relating to content to ensure continued success. This report is informed by discussion of content activities at the 1999 Imesh Workshop. The author considers the implications for subject based gateways of co-operation regarding coverage policy, creation of metadata, and provision of searching and browsing across services. Other possibilities for co-operation include working more closely with information providers, and diclosure of information in joint metadata registries
- Date
- 22. 6.2002 19:38:54
- Source
- Online information review. 24(2000) no.1, S.40-45
- Theme
- Information Gateway
-
Belém, F.M.; Almeida, J.M.; Gonçalves, M.A.: ¬A survey on tag recommendation methods : a review (2017)
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- Abstract
- Tags (keywords freely assigned by users to describe web content) have become highly popular on Web 2.0 applications, because of the strong stimuli and easiness for users to create and describe their own content. This increase in tag popularity has led to a vast literature on tag recommendation methods. These methods aim at assisting users in the tagging process, possibly increasing the quality of the generated tags and, consequently, improving the quality of the information retrieval (IR) services that rely on tags as data sources. Regardless of the numerous and diversified previous studies on tag recommendation, to our knowledge, no previous work has summarized and organized them into a single survey article. In this article, we propose a taxonomy for tag recommendation methods, classifying them according to the target of the recommendations, their objectives, exploited data sources, and underlying techniques. Moreover, we provide a critical overview of these methods, pointing out their advantages and disadvantages. Finally, we describe the main open challenges related to the field, such as tag ambiguity, cold start, and evaluation issues.
- Date
- 16.11.2017 13:30:22
- Source
- Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 68(2017) no.4, S.830-844
-
Waugh, A.: Specifying metadata standards for metadata tool configuration (1998)
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- Abstract
- Describes a metadata specification designed to support dynamic configuration of metadata software by capturing features of metadata standards. The specification comprises 3 components: the classification of the metadata standard, the metadata schema, and the metadata expression
- Date
- 1. 8.1996 22:08:06
- Footnote
- Contribution to a special issue devoted to the Proceedings of the 7th International World Wide Web Conference, held 14-18 April 1998, Brisbane, Australia
-
Niederée, C.: Metadaten als Bausteine des Semantic Web (2003)
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- Abstract
- Das »Semantic Web« bildet einen der wichtigsten, aktuellen Trends in der Weiterentwicklung des World Wide Web. Ehrgeizige Vision dieser nächsten Generation des WWW ist es, durch semantische Anreicherung von Information eine neue Qualität in der Bereitstellung von Inhalten und Diensten zu erreichen und vollständig neue Anwendungsmöglichkeiten für das Web zu eröffnen. Wichtige Ziele der Entwicklung des Semantic Web sind dabei die verbesserte Unterstützung von Kooperation zwischen Menschen und Computern und die intelligente Assistenz bei der Durchführung von Aufgaben in kooperativen verteilten Informationsumgebungen. Schlüssel zur Erreichung dieser Ziele sind die Anreicherung von Daten im Web mit Metadaten, welche diese Daten in einen semantischen Kontext einbetten. Diese Kontextinformation wird durch Software-Anwendungen interpretiert und zur Informationsfilterung, Verfeinerung von Anfragen und zur Bereitstellung intelligenter Assistenten verwendet. Eine große Herausforderung stellt dabei die geeignete Modellierung und Beschreibung des Kontexts dar. Diese muss eine automatische, globale Interpretation ermöglichen, ohne dass auf ein allgemeingültiges semantisches Beschreibungsschema zurückgegriffen werden kann. Die Vereinbarung eines solchen allgemeingültigen Schemas ist in einem derart umfangreichen, heterogenen und autonomen Rahmen, wie ihn das WWW darstellt, nicht möglich.
- Theme
- Semantic Web
-
Liechti, O.; Sifer, M.J.; Ichikawa, T.: Structured graph format : XML metadata for describing Web site structure (1998)
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- Abstract
- To improve searching, filtering and processing of information on the Web, a common effort is made in the direction of metadata, defined as machine understandable information about Web resources or other things. In particular, the eXtensible Markup Language (XML) aims at providing a common syntax to emerging metadata formats. Proposes the Structured Graph Format (SGF) an XML compliant markup language based on structured graphs, for capturing Web sites' structure. Presents SGMapper, a client-site tool, which aims to facilitate navigation in large Web sites by generating highly interactive site maps using SGF metadata
- Date
- 1. 8.1996 22:08:06
- Footnote
- Contribution to a special issue devoted to the Proceedings of the 7th International World Wide Web Conference, held 14-18 April 1998, Brisbane, Australia
-
Franklin, R.A.: Re-inventing subject access for the semantic web (2003)
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- Abstract
- First generation scholarly research on the Web lacked a firm system of authority control. Second generation Web research is beginning to model subject access with library science principles of bibliographic control and cataloguing. Harnessing the Web and organising the intellectual content with standards and controlled vocabulary provides precise search and retrieval capability, increasing relevance and efficient use of technology. Dublin Core metadata standards permit a full evaluation and cataloguing of Web resources appropriate to highly specific research needs and discovery. Current research points to a type of structure based on a system of faceted classification. This system allows the semantic and syntactic relationships to be defined. Controlled vocabulary, such as the Library of Congress Subject Headings, can be assigned, not in a hierarchical structure, but rather as descriptive facets of relating concepts. Web design features such as this are adding value to discovery and filtering out data that lack authority. The system design allows for scalability and extensibility, two technical features that are integral to future development of the digital library and resource discovery.
- Date
- 30.12.2008 18:22:46
- Source
- Online information review. 27(2003) no.2, S.94-101
- Theme
- Semantic Web
-
Wu, C.-J.: Experiments on using the Dublin Core to reduce the retrieval error ratio (1998)
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- Abstract
- In order to test the power of metadata on information retrieval, an experiment was designed and conducted on a group of 7 graduate students using the Dublin Core as the cataloguing metadata. Results show that, on average, the retrieval error rate is only 2.9 per cent for the MES system (http://140.136.85.194), which utilizes the Dublin Core to describe the documents on the World Wide Web, in contrast to 20.7 per cent for the 7 famous search engines including HOTBOT, GAIS, LYCOS, EXCITE, INFOSEEK, YAHOO, and OCTOPUS. The very low error rate indicates that the users can use the information of the Dublin Core to decide whether to retrieve the documents or not
- Source
- Journal of library and information science. 24(1998) no.1, S.50-64
-
Wolfekuhler, M.R.; Punch, W.F.: Finding salient features for personal Web pages categories (1997)
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- Abstract
- Examines techniques that discover features in sets of pre-categorized documents, such that similar documents can be found on the WWW. Examines techniques which will classifiy training examples with high accuracy, then explains why this is not necessarily useful. Describes a method for extracting word clusters from the raw document features. Results show that the clustering technique is successful in discovering word groups in personal Web pages which can be used to find similar information on the WWW
- Date
- 1. 8.1996 22:08:06
- Footnote
- Contribution to a special issue of papers from the 6th International World Wide Web conference, held 7-11 Apr 1997, Santa Clara, California
-
Gartner, R.: Metadata : shaping knowledge from antiquity to the semantic web (2016)
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- Abstract
- This book offers a comprehensive guide to the world of metadata, from its origins in the ancient cities of the Middle East, to the Semantic Web of today. The author takes us on a journey through the centuries-old history of metadata up to the modern world of crowdsourcing and Google, showing how metadata works and what it is made of. The author explores how it has been used ideologically and how it can never be objective. He argues how central it is to human cultures and the way they develop. Metadata: Shaping Knowledge from Antiquity to the Semantic Web is for all readers with an interest in how we humans organize our knowledge and why this is important. It is suitable for those new to the subject as well as those know its basics. It also makes an excellent introduction for students of information science and librarianship.
- LCSH
- Information storage and retrieval
Application software
- Subject
- Information storage and retrieval
Application software
- Theme
- Semantic Web
-
Wusteman, J.: Whither HTML? (2004)
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- Abstract
- HTML has reinvented itself as an XML application. The working draft of the latest version, XHTML 2.0, is causing controversy due to its lack of backward compatibility and the deprecation - and in some cases disappearance - of some popular tags. But is this commotion distracting us from the big picture of what XHTML has to offer? Where is HTML going? And is it taking the Web community with it?
- Source
- Library hi tech. 22(2004) no.1, S.99-105
-
Brasethvik, T.: ¬A semantic modeling approach to metadata (1998)
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- Abstract
- States that heterogeneous project groups today may be expected to use the mechanisms of the Web for sharing information. Metadata has been proposed as a mechanism for expressing the semantics of information and, hence, facilitate information retrieval, understanding and use. Presents an approach to sharing information which aims to use a semantic modeling language as the basis for expressing the semantics of information and designing metadata schemes. Functioning on the borderline between human and computer understandability, the modeling language would be able to express the semantics of published Web documents. Reporting on work in progress, presents the overall framework and ideas
- Date
- 9. 9.2000 17:22:23
-
Marchiori, M.: ¬The limits of Web metadata, and beyond (1998)
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- Abstract
- Highlights 2 major problems of the WWW metadata: it will take some time before a reasonable number of people start using metadata to provide a better Web classification, and that no one can guarantee that a majority of the Web objects will be ever properly classified via metadata. Addresses the problem of how to cope with intrinsic limits of Web metadata, proposes a method to solve these problems and show evidence of its effectiveness. Examines the important problem of what is the required critical mass in the WWW for metadata in order for it to be really useful
- Date
- 1. 8.1996 22:08:06
- Footnote
- Contribution to a special issue devoted to the Proceedings of the 7th International World Wide Web Conference, held 14-18 April 1998, Brisbane, Australia
-
Ilik, V.; Storlien, J.; Olivarez, J.: Metadata makeover (2014)
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- Abstract
- Catalogers have become fluent in information technology such as web design skills, HyperText Markup Language (HTML), Cascading Stylesheets (CSS), eXensible Markup Language (XML), and programming languages. The knowledge gained from learning information technology can be used to experiment with methods of transforming one metadata schema into another using various software solutions. This paper will discuss the use of eXtensible Stylesheet Language Transformations (XSLT) for repurposing, editing, and reformatting metadata. Catalogers have the requisite skills for working with any metadata schema, and if they are excluded from metadata work, libraries are wasting a valuable human resource.
- Date
- 10. 9.2000 17:38:22
-
Chopey, M.: Planning and implementing a metadata-driven digital repository (2005)
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- Abstract
- Metadata is used to organize and control a wide range of different types of information object collections, most of which are accessed via the World Wide Web. This chapter presents a brief introduction to the purpose of metadata and how it has developed, and an overview of the steps to be taken and the functional expertise required in planning for and implementing the creation, storage, and use of metadata for resource discovery in a local repository of information objects.
-
Turner, T.P.; Brackbill, L.: Rising to the top : evaluating the use of HTML META tag to improve retrieval of World Wide Web documents through Internet search engines (1998)
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- Abstract
- Reports results of a study to evaluate the effectiveness of using the HTML META tag to improve retrieval of World Wide Web documents through Internet search engines. 20 documents were created in 5 subject areas: agricultural trade; farm business statistics; poultry statistics; vegetable statistics; and cotton statistics. 4 pages were created in each subject area: one with no META tags, one with a META tag using the keywords attribute, one with a META tag using the description attribute, and one with META tags using both the keywords and description attributes. Searches were performed in Alta Vista and Infoseek to find terms common to all pages as well as for each keyword term contained in the META tag. Analysis of the searches suggests that use of the keywords attribute in a META tag substantially improves accessibility while use of the description attribute alone does not. Concludes that HTML document authors should consider using keywords attribute META tags and suggests that more search engines index the META tag to improve resource discovery
-
Peereboom, M.: DutchESS : Dutch Electronic Subject Service - a Dutch national collaborative effort (2000)
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- Abstract
- This article gives an overview of the design and organisation of DutchESS, a Dutch information subject gateway created as a national collaborative effort of the National Library and a number of academic libraries. The combined centralised and distributed model of DutchESS is discussed, as well as its selection policy, its metadata format, classification scheme and retrieval options. Also some options for future collaboration on an international level are explored
- Date
- 22. 6.2002 19:39:23
- Source
- Online information review. 24(2000) no.1, S.46-48
- Theme
- Information Gateway
Klassifikationssysteme im Online-Retrieval
