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  • × theme_ss:"Sprachretrieval"
  1. Schneider, R.: Question answering : das Retrieval der Zukunft? (2007) 0.03 
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    Abstract
    Der Artikel geht der Frage nach, ob und inwieweit Informations- und Recherchesysteme von der Technologie natürlich sprachlicher Frage-Antwortsysteme, so genannter Question Answering-Systeme, profitieren können. Nach einer allgemeinen Einführung in die Zielsetzung und die historische Entwicklung dieses Sonderzweigs der maschinellen Sprachverarbeitung werden dessen Abgrenzung von herkömmlichen Retrieval- und Extraktionsverfahren erläutert und die besondere Struktur von Question Answering-Systemen sowie einzelne Evaluierungsinitiativen aufgezeichnet. Zudem werden konkrete Anwendungsfelder im Bibliothekswesen vorgestellt.
    Source
    Zeitschrift für Bibliothekswesen und Bibliographie. 54(2007) H.1, S.3-11
  2. Nhongkai, S.N.; Bentz, H.-J.: Bilinguale Suche mittels Konzeptnetzen (2006) 0.02 
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    Abstract
    Eine neue Methode der Volltextsuche in bilingualen Textsammlungen wird vorgestellt und anhand eines parallelen Textkorpus (Englisch-Deutsch) geprüft. Die Brücke liefern passende Wortcluster, die aus einer Kookkurrenzanalyse stammen, geliefert von der neuartigen Suchmaschine SENTRAX (Essente Extractor Engine). Diese Cluster repräsentieren Konzepte, die sich in beiden Textsammlungen finden. Die Hypothese ist, dass das Finden mittels solcher Strukturvergleiche erfolgreich möglich ist.
    Series
    Schriften zur Informationswissenschaft; Bd.45
    Source
    Effektive Information Retrieval Verfahren in Theorie und Praxis: ausgewählte und erweiterte Beiträge des Vierten Hildesheimer Evaluierungs- und Retrievalworkshop (HIER 2005), Hildesheim, 20.7.2005. Hrsg.: T. Mandl u. C. Womser-Hacker
  3. Tartakovski, O.; Shramko, M.: Implementierung eines Werkzeugs zur Sprachidentifikation in mono- und multilingualen Texten (2006) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    Die Identifikation der Sprache bzw. der Sprachen in Textdokumenten ist einer der wichtigsten Schritte maschineller Textverarbeitung für das Information Retrieval. Der vorliegende Artikel stellt Langldent vor, ein System zur Sprachidentifikation von mono- und multilingualen elektronischen Textdokumenten. Das System bietet sowohl eine Auswahl von gängigen Algorithmen für die Sprachidentifikation monolingualer Textdokumente als auch einen neuen Algorithmus für die Sprachidentifikation multilingualer Textdokumente.
    Series
    Schriften zur Informationswissenschaft; Bd.45
    Source
    Effektive Information Retrieval Verfahren in Theorie und Praxis: ausgewählte und erweiterte Beiträge des Vierten Hildesheimer Evaluierungs- und Retrievalworkshop (HIER 2005), Hildesheim, 20.7.2005. Hrsg.: T. Mandl u. C. Womser-Hacker
  4. Strötgen, R.; Mandl, T.; Schneider, R.: Entwicklung und Evaluierung eines Question Answering Systems im Rahmen des Cross Language Evaluation Forum (CLEF) (2006) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    Question Answering Systeme versuchen, zu konkreten Fragen eine korrekte Antwort zu liefern. Dazu durchsuchen sie einen Dokumentenbestand und extrahieren einen Bruchteil eines Dokuments. Dieser Beitrag beschreibt die Entwicklung eines modularen Systems zum multilingualen Question Answering. Die Strategie bei der Entwicklung zielte auf eine schnellstmögliche Verwendbarkeit eines modularen Systems, das auf viele frei verfügbare Ressourcen zugreift. Das System integriert Module zur Erkennung von Eigennamen, zu Indexierung und Retrieval, elektronische Wörterbücher, Online-Übersetzungswerkzeuge sowie Textkorpora zu Trainings- und Testzwecken und implementiert eigene Ansätze zu den Bereichen der Frage- und AntwortTaxonomien, zum Passagenretrieval und zum Ranking alternativer Antworten.
    Series
    Schriften zur Informationswissenschaft; Bd.45
    Source
    Effektive Information Retrieval Verfahren in Theorie und Praxis: ausgewählte und erweiterte Beiträge des Vierten Hildesheimer Evaluierungs- und Retrievalworkshop (HIER 2005), Hildesheim, 20.7.2005. Hrsg.: T. Mandl u. C. Womser-Hacker
  5. Jensen, N.: Evaluierung von mehrsprachigem Web-Retrieval : Experimente mit dem EuroGOV-Korpus im Rahmen des Cross Language Evaluation Forum (CLEF) (2006) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    Der vorliegende Artikel beschreibt die Experimente der Universität Hildesheim im Rahmen des ersten Web Track der CLEF-Initiative (WebCLEF) im Jahr 2005. Bei der Teilnahme konnten Erfahrungen mit einem multilingualen Web-Korpus (EuroGOV) bei der Vorverarbeitung, der Topic- bzw. Query-Entwicklung, bei sprachunabhängigen Indexierungsmethoden und multilingualen Retrieval-Strategien gesammelt werden. Aufgrund des großen Um-fangs des Korpus und der zeitlichen Einschränkungen wurden multilinguale Indizes aufgebaut. Der Artikel beschreibt die Vorgehensweise bei der Teilnahme der Universität Hildesheim und die Ergebnisse der offiziell eingereichten sowie weiterer Experimente. Für den Multilingual Task konnte das beste Ergebnis in CLEF erzielt werden.
    Series
    Schriften zur Informationswissenschaft; Bd.45
    Source
    Effektive Information Retrieval Verfahren in Theorie und Praxis: ausgewählte und erweiterte Beiträge des Vierten Hildesheimer Evaluierungs- und Retrievalworkshop (HIER 2005), Hildesheim, 20.7.2005. Hrsg.: T. Mandl u. C. Womser-Hacker
  6. Rösener, C.: ¬Die Stecknadel im Heuhaufen : Natürlichsprachlicher Zugang zu Volltextdatenbanken (2005) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    Die Möglichkeiten, die der heutigen Informations- und Wissensgesellschaft für die Beschaffung und den Austausch von Information zur Verfügung stehen, haben kurioserweise gleichzeitig ein immer akuter werdendes, neues Problem geschaffen: Es wird für jeden Einzelnen immer schwieriger, aus der gewaltigen Fülle der angebotenen Informationen die tatsächlich relevanten zu selektieren. Diese Arbeit untersucht die Möglichkeit, mit Hilfe von natürlichsprachlichen Schnittstellen den Zugang des Informationssuchenden zu Volltextdatenbanken zu verbessern. Dabei werden zunächst die wissenschaftlichen Fragestellungen ausführlich behandelt. Anschließend beschreibt der Autor verschiedene Lösungsansätze und stellt anhand einer natürlichsprachlichen Schnittstelle für den Brockhaus Multimedial 2004 deren erfolgreiche Implementierung vor
    Content
    Enthält die Kapitel: 2: Wissensrepräsentation 2.1 Deklarative Wissensrepräsentation 2.2 Klassifikationen des BMM 2.3 Thesauri und Ontologien: existierende kommerzielle Software 2.4 Erstellung eines Thesaurus im Rahmen des LeWi-Projektes 3: Analysekomponenten 3.1 Sprachliche Phänomene in der maschinellen Textanalyse 3.2 Analysekomponenten: Lösungen und Forschungsansätze 3.3 Die Analysekomponenten im LeWi-Projekt 4: Information Retrieval 4.1 Grundlagen des Information Retrieval 4.2 Automatische Indexierungsmethoden und -verfahren 4.3 Automatische Indexierung des BMM im Rahmen des LeWi-Projektes 4.4 Suchstrategien und Suchablauf im LeWi-Kontext
    5: Interaktion 5.1 Frage-Antwort- bzw. Dialogsysteme: Forschungen und Projekte 5.2 Darstellung und Visualisierung von Wissen 5.3 Das Dialogsystem im Rahmen des LeWi-Projektes 5.4 Ergebnisdarstellung und Antwortpräsentation im LeWi-Kontext 6: Testumgebungen und -ergebnisse 7: Ergebnisse und Ausblick 7.1 Ausgangssituation 7.2 Schlussfolgerungen 7.3 Ausblick Anhang A Auszüge aus der Grob- bzw. Feinklassifikation des BMM Anhang B MPRO - Formale Beschreibung der wichtigsten Merkmale ... Anhang C Fragentypologie mit Beispielsätzen (Auszug) Anhang D Semantische Merkmale im morphologischen Lexikon (Auszug) Anhang E Regelbeispiele für die Fragentypzuweisung Anhang F Aufstellung der möglichen Suchen im LeWi-Dialogmodul (Auszug) Anhang G Vollständiger Dialogbaum zu Beginn des Projektes Anhang H Statuszustände zur Ermittlung der Folgefragen (Auszug)
    Series
    Saarbrücker Beiträge zur Sprach- und Translationswissenschaft; Bd.8
  7. Srihari, R.K.: Using speech input for image interpretation, annotation, and retrieval (1997) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    Explores the interaction of textual and photographic information in an integrated text and image database environment and describes 3 different applications involving the exploitation of linguistic context in vision. Describes the practical application of these ideas in working systems. PICTION uses captions to identify human faces in a photograph, wile Show&Tell is a multimedia system for semi automatic image annotation. The system combines advances in speech recognition, natural language processing and image understanding to assist in image annotation and enhance image retrieval capabilities. Presents an extension of this work to video annotation and retrieval
    Date
    22. 9.1997 19:16:05
    Imprint
    Urbana-Champaign, IL : Illinois University at Urbana-Champaign, Department of Library and Information Science
  8. Hannabuss, S.: Dialogue and the search for information (1989) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    Knowledge of conversation theory and speech act assists us to understand how people search for information. Dialogue embodies meanings and intentionalities, and represents epistemic inquiry. There are implications for the information-processing model of cognitive psychology. Question formulation (erotetics) and turn-taking play important roles in eliciting information, while discourse analysis furnishes us with information about people's categorising, recall, and semantic skills
  9. Peters, B.F.: Online searching using speech as a man / machine interface (1989) 0.00 
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    Source
    Information processing and management. 25(1989), S.391-406
  10. Wittbrock, M.J.; Hauptmann, A.G.: Speech recognition for a digital video library (1998) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    The standard method for making the full content of audio and video material searchable is to annotate it with human-generated meta-data that describes the content in a way that search can understand, as is done in the creation of multimedia CD-ROMs. However, for the huge amounts of data that could usefully be included in digital video and audio libraries, the cost of producing the meta-data is prohibitive. In the Informedia Digital Video Library, the production of the meta-data supporting the library interface is automated using techniques derived from artificial intelligence (AI) research. By applying speech recognition together with natural language processing, information retrieval, and image analysis, an interface has been prduced that helps users locate the information they want, and navigate or browse the digital video library more effectively. Specific interface components include automatc titles, filmstrips, video skims, word location marking, and representative frames for shots. Both the user interface and the information retrieval engine within Informedia are designed for use with automatically derived meta-data, much of which depends on speech recognition for its production. Some experimental information retrieval results will be given, supporting a basic premise of the Informedia project: That speech recognition generated transcripts can make multimedia material searchable. The Informedia project emphasizes the integration of speech recognition, image processing, natural language processing, and information retrieval to compensate for deficiencies in these individual technologies
    Source
    Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 49(1998) no.7, S.619-632
  11. Voorhees, E.M.: Question answering in TREC (2005) 0.00 
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    Source
    TREC: experiment and evaluation in information retrieval. Ed.: E.M. Voorhees, u. D.K. Harman
  12. Lange, H.R.: Speech synthesis and speech recognition : tomorrow's human-computer interface? (1993) 0.00 
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    Imprint
    Medford, NJ : Learned Information
    Source
    Annual review of information science and technology. 28(1993), S.153-185
  13. Lin, J.; Katz, B.: Building a reusable test collection for question answering (2006) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    In contrast to traditional information retrieval systems, which return ranked lists of documents that users must manually browse through, a question answering system attempts to directly answer natural language questions posed by the user. Although such systems possess language-processing capabilities, they still rely on traditional document retrieval techniques to generate an initial candidate set of documents. In this article, the authors argue that document retrieval for question answering represents a task different from retrieving documents in response to more general retrospective information needs. Thus, to guide future system development, specialized question answering test collections must be constructed. They show that the current evaluation resources have major shortcomings; to remedy the situation, they have manually created a small, reusable question answering test collection for research purposes. In this article they describe their methodology for building this test collection and discuss issues they encountered regarding the notion of "answer correctness."
    Source
    Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 57(2006) no.7, S.851-861
  14. Young, C.W.; Eastman, C.M.; Oakman, R.L.: ¬An analysis of ill-formed input in natural language queries to document retrieval systems (1991) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    Natrual language document retrieval queries from the Thomas Cooper Library, South Carolina Univ. were analysed in oder to investigate the frequency of various types of ill-formed input, such as spelling errors, cooccurrence violations, conjunctions, ellipsis, and missing or incorrect punctuation. Users were requested to write out their requests for information in complete sentences on the form normally used by the library. The primary reason for analysing ill-formed inputs was to determine whether there is a significant need to study ill-formed inputs in detail. Results indicated that most of the queries were sentence fragments and that many of them contained some type of ill-formed input. Conjunctions caused the most problems. The next most serious problem was caused by punctuation errors. Spelling errors occured in a small number of queries. The remaining types of ill-formed input considered, allipsis and cooccurrence violations, were not found in the queries
    Source
    Information processing and management. 27(1991) no.6, S.615-622
  15. Thompson, L.A.; Ogden, W.C.: Visible speech improves human language understanding : implications for speech processing systems (1995) 0.00 
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    Theme
    Information
  16. Burke, R.D.: Question answering from frequently asked question files : experiences with the FAQ Finder System (1997) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    Describes FAQ Finder, a natural language question-answering system that uses files of frequently asked questions as its knowledge base. Unlike information retrieval approaches that rely on a purely lexical metric of similarity between query and document, FAQ Finder uses a semantic knowledge base (Wordnet) to improve its ability to match question and answer. Includes results from an evaluation of the system's performance and shows that a combination of semantic and statistical techniques works better than any single approach
  17. Sparck Jones, K.; Jones, G.J.F.; Foote, J.T.; Young, S.J.: Experiments in spoken document retrieval (1996) 0.00 
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    Source
    Information processing and management. 32(1996) no.4, S.399-417
  18. Pomerantz, J.: ¬A linguistic analysis of question taxonomies (2005) 0.00 
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    Source
    Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 56(2005) no.7, S.715-728
  19. Ferret, O.; Grau, B.; Hurault-Plantet, M.; Illouz, G.; Jacquemin, C.; Monceaux, L.; Robba, I.; Vilnat, A.: How NLP can improve question answering (2002) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    Answering open-domain factual questions requires Natural Language processing for refining document selection and answer identification. With our system QALC, we have participated in the Question Answering track of the TREC8, TREC9 and TREC10 evaluations. QALC performs an analysis of documents relying an multiword term searches and their linguistic variation both to minimize the number of documents selected and to provide additional clues when comparing question and sentence representations. This comparison process also makes use of the results of a syntactic parsing of the questions and Named Entity recognition functionalities. Answer extraction relies an the application of syntactic patterns chosen according to the kind of information that is sought, and categorized depending an the syntactic form of the question. These patterns allow QALC to handle nicely linguistic variations at the answer level.
  20. Galitsky, B.: Can many agents answer questions better than one? (2005) 0.00 
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    Abstract
    The paper addresses the issue of how online natural language question answering, based on deep semantic analysis, may compete with currently popular keyword search, open domain information retrieval systems, covering a horizontal domain. We suggest the multiagent question answering approach, where each domain is represented by an agent which tries to answer questions taking into account its specific knowledge. The meta-agent controls the cooperation between question answering agents and chooses the most relevant answer(s). We argue that multiagent question answering is optimal in terms of access to business and financial knowledge, flexibility in query phrasing, and efficiency and usability of advice. The knowledge and advice encoded in the system are initially prepared by domain experts. We analyze the commercial application of multiagent question answering and the robustness of the meta-agent. The paper suggests that a multiagent architecture is optimal when a real world question answering domain combines a number of vertical ones to form a horizontal domain.

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