-
Gabler, S.: Vergabe von DDC-Sachgruppen mittels eines Schlagwort-Thesaurus (2021)
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- Abstract
- Vorgestellt wird die Konstruktion eines thematisch geordneten Thesaurus auf Basis der Sachschlagwörter der Gemeinsamen Normdatei (GND) unter Nutzung der darin enthaltenen DDC-Notationen. Oberste Ordnungsebene dieses Thesaurus werden die DDC-Sachgruppen der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek. Die Konstruktion des Thesaurus erfolgt regelbasiert unter der Nutzung von Linked Data Prinzipien in einem SPARQL Prozessor. Der Thesaurus dient der automatisierten Gewinnung von Metadaten aus wissenschaftlichen Publikationen mittels eines computerlinguistischen Extraktors. Hierzu werden digitale Volltexte verarbeitet. Dieser ermittelt die gefundenen Schlagwörter über Vergleich der Zeichenfolgen Benennungen im Thesaurus, ordnet die Treffer nach Relevanz im Text und gibt die zugeordne-ten Sachgruppen rangordnend zurück. Die grundlegende Annahme dabei ist, dass die gesuchte Sachgruppe unter den oberen Rängen zurückgegeben wird. In einem dreistufigen Verfahren wird die Leistungsfähigkeit des Verfahrens validiert. Hierzu wird zunächst anhand von Metadaten und Erkenntnissen einer Kurzautopsie ein Goldstandard aus Dokumenten erstellt, die im Online-Katalog der DNB abrufbar sind. Die Dokumente vertei-len sich über 14 der Sachgruppen mit einer Losgröße von jeweils 50 Dokumenten. Sämtliche Dokumente werden mit dem Extraktor erschlossen und die Ergebnisse der Kategorisierung do-kumentiert. Schließlich wird die sich daraus ergebende Retrievalleistung sowohl für eine harte (binäre) Kategorisierung als auch eine rangordnende Rückgabe der Sachgruppen beurteilt.
- Content
- Master thesis Master of Science (Library and Information Studies) (MSc), Universität Wien. Advisor: Christoph Steiner. Vgl.: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/371680244_Vergabe_von_DDC-Sachgruppen_mittels_eines_Schlagwort-Thesaurus. DOI: 10.25365/thesis.70030. Vgl. dazu die Präsentation unter: https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&ved=0CAIQw7AJahcKEwjwoZzzytz_AhUAAAAAHQAAAAAQAg&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwiki.dnb.de%2Fdownload%2Fattachments%2F252121510%2FDA3%2520Workshop-Gabler.pdf%3Fversion%3D1%26modificationDate%3D1671093170000%26api%3Dv2&psig=AOvVaw0szwENK1or3HevgvIDOfjx&ust=1687719410889597&opi=89978449.
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Tadeusiewicz, R.; Mazurek, M.; Wierzchowski, M. (Ill.): Ava im Land der Zukunft oder Wie künstliche Intelligenz funktioniert (2020)
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- Abstract
- Kann man sich mit einem Roboter anfreunden? Avas Familie kriegt Zuwachs. Doch es ist weder ein Geschwisterchen noch ein Hund, noch eine Katze, sondern ein Roboter namens Babsi. Die Roboterdame hilft, wo sie kann, weiss alle Antworten und scheint perfekt, doch eines kann sie nicht: Treppensteigen. Ava, neugierig wie immer, fragt ihren Onkel Matti, der zu künstlicher Intelligenz forscht, warum dem so ist. Dabei lernt sie, was künstliche Intelligenz ist und wie selbstlernende Maschinen, automatische Autos oder Chat Bots funktionieren. Vor allem aber erfährt sie, worin der Mensch sich von Robotern unterscheidet, warum er die Überhand über die Maschinen behalten wird und wieso zwischenmenschliche Beziehungen so wertvoll sind.
- Issue
- Übersetzung aus dem Polnischen von Martina Polek.
- RSWK
- Roboter / Naturwissenschaften / Maschine / Technik
- Subject
- Roboter / Naturwissenschaften / Maschine / Technik
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Huber, W.: Menschen, Götter und Maschinen : eine Ethik der Digitalisierung (2022)
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- Abstract
- Die Digitalisierung hat unsere Privatsphäre ausgehöhlt, die Öffentlichkeit in antagonistische Teilöffentlichkeiten zerlegt, Hemmschwellen gesenkt und die Grenze zwischen Wahrheit und Lüge aufgeweicht. Wolfgang Huber beschreibt klar und pointiert diese technische und soziale Entwicklung. Er zeigt, wie sich konsensfähige ethische Prinzipien für den Umgang mit digitaler Intelligenz finden lassen und umgesetzt werden können - von der Gesetzgebung, von digitalen Anbietern und von allen Nutzern. Die Haltungen zur Digitalisierung schwanken zwischen Euphorie und Apokalypse: Die einen erwarten die Schaffung eines neuen Menschen, der sich selbst zum Gott macht. Andere befürchten den Verlust von Freiheit und Menschenwürde. Wolfgang Huber wirft demgegenüber einen realistischen Blick auf den technischen Umbruch. Das beginnt bei der Sprache: Sind die "sozialen Medien" wirklich sozial? Fährt ein mit digitaler Intelligenz ausgestattetes Auto "autonom" oder nicht eher automatisiert? Sind Algorithmen, die durch Mustererkennung lernen, deshalb "intelligent"? Eine überbordende Sprache lässt uns allzu oft vergessen, dass noch so leistungsstarke Rechner nur Maschinen sind, die von Menschen entwickelt und bedient werden. Notfalls muss man ihnen den Stecker ziehen. Das wunderbar anschaulich geschriebene Buch macht auf der Höhe der aktuellen ethischen Diskussionen bewusst, dass wir uns der Digitalisierung nicht ausliefern dürfen, sondern sie selbstbestimmt und verantwortlich gestalten können. 80. Geburtstag von Wolfgang Huber am 12.8.2022 Ein Heilmittel gegen allzu euphorische und apokalyptische Erwartungen an die Digitalisierung Wie wir unsere Haltung zur Digitalisierung ändern können, um uns nicht der Technik auszuliefern.
- Classification
- BK 8100: Naturwissenschaft, Technik
MS 4850: Industrie (allgemeines) und Technik (Automatisierung), Technologie (Allgemeines)
- Content
- Vorwort -- 1. Das digitale Zeitalter -- Zeitenwende -- Die Vorherrschaft des Buchdrucks geht zu Ende -- Wann beginnt das digitale Zeitalter? -- 2. Zwischen Euphorie und Apokalypse -- Digitalisierung. Einfach. Machen -- Euphorie -- Apokalypse -- Verantwortungsethik -- Der Mensch als Subjekt der Ethik -- Verantwortung als Prinzip -- 3. Digitalisierter Alltag in einer globalisierten Welt -- Vom World Wide Web zum Internet der Dinge -- Mobiles Internet und digitale Bildung -- Digitale Plattformen und ihre Strategien -- Big Data und informationelle Selbstbestimmung -- 4. Grenzüberschreitungen -- Die Erosion des Privaten -- Die Deformation des Öffentlichen -- Die Senkung von Hemmschwellen -- Das Verschwinden der Wirklichkeit -- Die Wahrheit in der Infosphäre -- 5. Die Zukunft der Arbeit -- Industrielle Revolutionen -- Arbeit 4.0 -- Ethik 4.0 -- 6. Digitale Intelligenz -- Können Computer dichten? -- Stärker als der Mensch? -- Maschinelles Lernen -- Ein bleibender Unterschied -- Ethische Prinzipien für den Umgang mit digitaler Intelligenz -- Medizin als Beispiel -- 7. Die Würde des Menschen im digitalen Zeitalter -- Kränkungen oder Revolutionen -- Transhumanismus und Posthumanismus -- Gibt es Empathie ohne Menschen? -- Wer ist autonom: Mensch oder Maschine? -- Humanismus der Verantwortung -- 8. Die Zukunft des Homo sapiens -- Vergöttlichung des Menschen -- Homo deus -- Gott und Mensch im digitalen Zeitalter -- Veränderung der Menschheit -- Literatur -- Personenregister.
- Footnote
- Rez. in Spektrum der Wissenschaft. 2022, H.11, S.86 (M. Springer).
- RVK
- BK 8100: Naturwissenschaft, Technik
MS 4850: Industrie (allgemeines) und Technik (Automatisierung), Technologie (Allgemeines)
-
Vaas, R.: Wo endet die Wissenschaft? (2020)
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- Abstract
- Schon vor 150 Jahren postulierte Emil du Bois-Reymond Grenzen der Naturerkenntnis - prinzipielle und praktische. Seine Zweifel haben Bestand bis heute.
- Field
- Naturwissenschaften
- Source
- Bild der Wissenschaft. 2020, H.2, S.24-31
-
Pavlus, J.: ¬Der gesunde Menschenverstand (2020)
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- Content
- Von »Spektrum der Wissenschaft« übersetzte und redigierte Fassung des Artikels »Common Sense Comes Closer to Computers« aus »Quanta Magazine«, einem inhaltlich unabhängigen Magazin der Simons Foundation, die sich die Verbreitung von Forschungsergebnissen aus Mathematik und den Naturwissenschaften zum Ziel gesetzt hat.
- Source
- Spektrum der Wissenschaft. 2020, H.7, S.68-73
-
Niemann, R.: Searles Welten : zur Kritik an einer geistfundierten Sprachtheorie (2021)
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- Abstract
- John R. Searle wird traditionell, wie etwa auch Austin oder Wittgenstein, mit einem sozial-interaktiven und handlungsorientierten Sprachbegriff in Verbindung gebracht. In einer instruktiven Studie kommt Sybille Krämer hingegen zu dem Ergebnis, dass Searle als Vertreter eines sprachlichen >Zwei-Welten-Modells< einen >autonomen< Sprachbegriff im Sinne der strukturalistischen Sprachtheorien de Saussures und Chomskys vertritt. Robert Niemann schlägt in diesem Essay eine Lesart vor, die Searle in einem neuen sprachtheoretischen Licht erscheinen lässt: Searles Sprachverständnis wird unter systematischer Berücksichtigung seiner geistphilosophischen und gesellschaftstheoretischen Überlegungen behandelt. Insbesondere werden Searles naturwissenschaftlicher Zugriff auf Geistphänomene sowie die daraus folgenden Konsequenzen für das Sprach- und Gesellschaftsverständnis kritisch erörtert. Schließlich wird ein Sprachbegriff herausgearbeitet, der vor dem Hintergrund eines >Weltenpluralismus< bzw. einer pluralen >Weltenkette< zu denken ist. Searles Sprachbegriff wäre demnach nicht als >autonom< und >entkörpert< (Krämer) zu betrachten, sondern vielmehr als heteronom und repräsentational sowie grundlegend körperorientiert.
- BK
- 17.03 Theorie und Methoden der Sprach- und Literaturwissenschaft
18.00 Einzelne Sprachen und Literaturen allgemein
- Classification
- CI 6721: Sekundärliteratur / Philosophie / Geschichte der Philosophie
ER 600: Allgemeines / Allgemeine und vergleichende Sprach- und Literaturwissenschaft. Indogermanistik. Außereuropäische Sprachen und Literaturen / Allgemeine Sprachwissenschaft
17.03 Theorie und Methoden der Sprach- und Literaturwissenschaft
18.00 Einzelne Sprachen und Literaturen allgemein
- RVK
- CI 6721: Sekundärliteratur / Philosophie / Geschichte der Philosophie
ER 600: Allgemeines / Allgemeine und vergleichende Sprach- und Literaturwissenschaft. Indogermanistik. Außereuropäische Sprachen und Literaturen / Allgemeine Sprachwissenschaft
-
Colombi, C.: Bibliothekarische Fachsystematiken am Deutschen Archäologischen Institut : 180 Jahre Wissensordnung (2023)
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- Abstract
- Seit 1836 werden bibliothekarische Titel an der Abteilung Rom des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts inhaltlich erschlossen. Die hierfür entwickelten Systematiken zeugen von der Entstehung der Klassischen Archäologie als Disziplin und von der Geschichte der bibliothekarischen Klassifikation. Die systematischen Kataloge und die Fachbibliographien des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts werden vorgestellt und ihre Entstehung kontextualisiert. Die Unterschiede zwischen den einzelnen Katalogen und den Bibliographien dienen als Ausgangspunkt, um die Anpassungsstrategien der Klassifikation an die Fortschritte der Forschung und der Technologie zu untersuchen. Der Abgleich mit dem Publikationsaufkommen ermöglicht zudem Bemerkungen zu den Änderungen in der Systematik.
- Source
- Information - Wissenschaft und Praxis. 74(2023) H.2/3, S.172-178
-
Suchsland, R.: Kritik der paranoiden Vernunft (2020)
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- Abstract
- Allgemeine Verunsicherung im Informationsdschungel: Schwarze Utopien und neue Ordnung am Abgrund des Chaos.
- Footnote
- Zu Verschwörungstheorien und Fake News. Mit einer Zusammenstellung von Beispielen aus der Geschichte.
- Series
- Telepolis: Kultur und Medien
- Source
- https://www.heise.de/tp/features/Kritik-der-paranoiden-Vernunft-4770674.html?seite=all
-
Schleim, S.: Reduktionismus und die Erklärung von Alltagsphänomenen (2021)
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- Abstract
- Teil 2 der Serie über Bewusstsein, Philosophie, Religion und Naturwissenschaft.
- Content
- Vorgänger als: 'Wissenschaft und Religion: Konflikt oder Kooperation?' Unter: https://www.heise.de/tp/features/Wissenschaft-und-Religion-Konflikt-oder-Kooperation-6004714.html?seite=all. Vgl. auch: https://heise.de/-6009962.
- Source
- https://www.heise.de/tp/features/Reduktionismus-und-die-Erklaerung-von-Alltagsphaenomenen-6009962.html?wt_mc=nl.red.telepolis.telepolis-nl.2021-04-16.link.link
-
Rösch, H.: Informationsethik und Bibliotheksethik : Grundlagen und Praxis (2021)
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- Abstract
- Neben den theoretischen und allgemeinen Grundlagen von Informationsethik und Bibliotheksethik wird das Spektrum ethischer Konflikte und Dilemmata an Beispielen aus der Praxis des Berufsfelds Bibliothek und Information konkret erläutert. Dabei wird deutlich, dass wissenschaftlich fundierte Aussagen der Informationsethik und der Bibliotheksethik grundlegend für die wertbezogene Standardisierung bibliothekarischer Arbeit und äußerst hilfreich für ethisch abgesicherte Entscheidungen im Berufsalltag sind.
- Classification
- AN 65100: Begriff, Wesen der Bibliothek / Allgemeines / Buch- und Bibliothekswesen, Informationswissenschaft
AN 92650: Darstellungen zu mehreren Gebieten / Allgemeines / Buch- und Bibliothekswesen, Informationswissenschaft
CC 7270: Ethik der Künstlichen Intelligenz, Maschinenethik, Roboterethik / Philosophie / Systematische Philosophie
- RVK
- AN 65100: Begriff, Wesen der Bibliothek / Allgemeines / Buch- und Bibliothekswesen, Informationswissenschaft
AN 92650: Darstellungen zu mehreren Gebieten / Allgemeines / Buch- und Bibliothekswesen, Informationswissenschaft
CC 7270: Ethik der Künstlichen Intelligenz, Maschinenethik, Roboterethik / Philosophie / Systematische Philosophie
- Series
- Bibliotheks- und Informationspraxis; 68
-
Auer, S.; Sens, I.; Stocker, M.: Erschließung wissenschaftlicher Literatur mit dem Open Research Knowledge Graph (2020)
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- Abstract
- Die Weitergabe von Wissen hat sich seit vielen hundert Jahren nicht grundlegend verändert: Sie erfolgt in der Regel dokumentenbasiert - früher als klassischer Aufsatz auf Papier gedruckt, heute als PDF. Bei jährlich rund 2,5 Millionen neuen Forschungsbeiträgen ertrinken die Forschenden in einer Flut pseudodigitalisierter PDF-Publikationen. Die Folge: Die Forschung wird ernsthaft geschwächt. Denn viele Forschungsergebnisse können durch andere nicht reproduziert werden, es gibt mehr und mehr Redundanzen und das Meer von Publikationen ist unübersichtlich. Deshalb denkt die TIB - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Technik und Naturwissenschaften Wissenskommunikation neu: Statt auf statische PDF-Artikel setzt die TIB auf Wissensgraphen. Sie arbeitet daran, Wissen unterschiedlichster Form - Texte, Bilder, Grafiken, Audio- und Video-Dateien, 3D-Modelle und vieles mehr - intuitiv mithilfe dynamischer Wissensgraphen zu vernetzen. Der Wissensgraph soll verschiedene Forschungsideen, -ansätze, -methoden und -ergebnisse maschinenlesbar darstellen, sodass völlig neue Zusammenhänge von Wissen zutage treten und zur Lösung globaler Probleme beitragen könnten. Die großen gesellschaftlichen Herausforderungen verlangen Interdisziplinarität und das Zusammenfügen von Erkenntnis-Einzelteilen. Mit dem Wissensgraphen kann das gelingen und der Fluss wissenschaftlicher Erkenntnisse revolutioniert werden.
-
Junger, U.; Scholze, F.: Neue Wege und Qualitäten : die Inhaltserschließungspolitik der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek (2021)
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- Abstract
- Es kommt nicht oft vor, dass ein bibliothekfachliches Thema Gegenstand eines ganzseitigen Artikels im Feuilleton einer der wichtigsten überregionalen Zeitungen in Deutschland wird. Am 31. Juli 2017 war dies der Fall: Die Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung veröffentlichte einen Artikel des Generaldirektors der Bayerischen Staatsbibliothek, Klaus Ceynowa, in dem dieser sich kritisch mit einem Konzept zur inhaltlichen Erschließung auseinandersetzte, das die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek (DNB) zuvor für die deutschsprachige bibliothekarische Community veröffentlicht hatte. Hatten bereits zuvor die Bemühungen der DNB, Verfahren zur maschinellen Dokumenterschließung zu entwickeln und einzusetzen, zu kontroversen Reaktionen im Bibliothekswesen geführt, so sorgte dieser Artikel noch einmal in besonderer Weise für Aufmerksamkeit und Diskussionen zu einem Thema, das vielen als eher verstaubt und unattraktiv galt: die Inhaltserschließung. Der folgende Beitrag zeichnet einige Grundlinien der Erschließungspolitik der DNB seit 2010 nach und beschreibt, welche Instrumente und Verfahren bei der Inhaltserschließung zum Einsatz kommen, welche konzeptionellen Entscheidungen ihr zugrunde liegen, wie versucht wird, Qualität zu erfassen und welche Entwicklungs- und Handlungsfelder für die Zukunft gesehen werden.
- Series
- Bibliotheks- und Informationspraxis; 70
- Source
- Qualität in der Inhaltserschließung. Hrsg.: M. Franke-Maier, u.a
- Theme
- Geschichte der Sacherschließung
-
Fischer, E.P.: Wissenschaft rettet die Welt (2020)
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- Abstract
- Vor 350 Jahren schrieb der Chemiker Robert Boyle eine Wunschliste an die Wissenschaft - die meisten Hoffnungen erfüllten sich. Eine Erfolgsgeschichte. - Das heutige Wissen erscheint aus Sicht der Vergangenheit unrealistisch. - Erkenntnisse der Wissenschaft haben das Leben von Milliarden Menschen erheblich verbessert. - Die Vereinten Nationen haben eine aktuelle Wunschliste an die Wissenschaft geschrieben.
- Content
- Boyles Wunschliste an die Wissenschaft (S.12-13) Etliche Wünsche wurden erfüllt, andere bestehen weiter, manche klingen heute rätselhaft: Verlängerung des Lebens + Erhalt der Jugend - zumindest einige ihrer Merkmale wie Zähne, Haarfarbe + Die Kunst des Fliegens + Die Kunst, lange unter Wasser zu bleiben + Heilung von Wunden aus einiger Entfernung + Heilung von Krankheiten auf Distanz oder durch Transplantation + Das Erreichen gigantischer Dimensionen + Die Nachahmung von Fischen ohne Maschinen durch Übung und Erziehung + Beschleunigung der Produktion von Dingen aus Samen + Umwandlung von Metallen + Formbarkeit von Glas + Umwandlung von Lebewesen + Universelles Lösungsmittel (Alkahest) + Herstellung von parabolischen und hyperbolischen Gläsern + Leichte und extrem harte Rüstung + Praktikable und sichere Art, Längengrade zu messen + Verwendung von Pendeln auf See und auf Reisen und ihre Anwendung für Uhren + Medikamente zur Steigerung der Vorstellungskraft, des Wachzustands, des Gedächtnisses, zur Schmerzlinderung, als Schlaf- und Beruhigungsmittel + Unsinkbare Schiffe, die mit allen Winden segeln + Beseitigung der Notwendigkeit, viel zu schlafen + Erfreuliche Träume durch den vom französischen Autor erwähnten Pilz + Große Kraft und Beweglichkeit des Körpers + Ewiges Licht + Durch Reiben parfümierbare Lacke
- Field
- Naturwissenschaften
- Source
- Bild der Wissenschaft. 2020, H.2, S.14-23
-
Scheidler, F.: ¬ Der Stoff, aus dem wir sind : warum wir Natur und Gesellschaft neu denken müssen (2021)
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- Abstract
- Ökologische Krise und Klimachaos bedrohen die Zukunft der Menschheit. Eine der Ursachen dafür ist ein technokratisches Weltbild, das die Natur zu einer beherrschbaren Ressource in der Hand des Menschen degradiert. Fabian Scheidler zeigt in einer faszinierenden Reise durch die Geschichte der Wissenschaften, dass diese Auffassung der Natur ein tödlicher Irrtum ist. Mit einem überraschenden neuen Blick auf das Leben, die Wissenschaft und uns selbst eröffnet dieses Buch Perspektiven für einen tiefgreifenden gesellschaftlichen Wandel.
-
Brandom, R.B.: Im Geiste des Vertrauens : eine Lektüre der »Phänomenologie des Geistes« (2021)
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- Abstract
- Vierzig Jahre lang hat der Philosoph Robert Brandom an seiner lang erwarteten und bahnbrechenden Neuinterpretation von Hegels Phänomenologie des Geistes gearbeitet. Indem er analytische, kontinentale und historische Traditionen verbindet, zeigt er, welche Herausforderung Hegels philosophisches Denken selbst heute noch darstellt. Im Geiste des Vertrauens handelt von der massiven historischen Veränderung im Leben der Menschheit, welche die Moderne darstellt. In der Antike wurden Urteile darüber, was sein sollte, als objektive Tatsachen angesehen, während die moderne Welt sie als durch subjektive Einstellungen bestimmt betrachtet. Hegel vertritt eine Sichtweise, die beides miteinander verbindet, Brandom bezeichnet sie als »objektiven Idealismus«: Es gibt eine objektive Realität, aber wir können ihr keinen Sinn abgewinnen, ohne zuerst zu verstehen, wie wir über sie denken. Wir werden erst dann zu Akteuren, wenn wir von anderen Akteuren als solche wahrgenommen werden. Das bedeutet, dass Verpflichtung, Verantwortung und Autorität durch soziale Praktiken der gegenseitigen Anerkennung erzeugt werden. Wenn unsere selbstbewussten anerkennenden Haltungen die radikale Form von Großmut und Vertrauen annehmen, so Brandom, dann können wir die Moderne überwinden und in ein neues Zeitalter des Geistes eintreten.
- Classification
- CK 3680: Primärliteratur / Philosophie / Geschichte der Philosophie
CG 4077: Abhandlungen, Studien / Philosophie / Geschichte der Philosophie
CD 4045: Textsammlungen / Philosophie / Geschichte der Philosophie
- Issue
- Aus dem Amerikanischen von Sebastian Koth und Aaron Shoichet.
- RVK
- CK 3680: Primärliteratur / Philosophie / Geschichte der Philosophie
CG 4077: Abhandlungen, Studien / Philosophie / Geschichte der Philosophie
CD 4045: Textsammlungen / Philosophie / Geschichte der Philosophie
-
Kerst, V.; Ruhose, F.: Schleichender Blackout : wie wir das digitale Desaster verhindern (2023)
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- Abstract
- Schluss mit der Digitalisierung ohne Sinn und Verstand! Kritische Bestandsaufnahme und Wege aus der Krise. Elektronische Krankenakte, digitaler Unterricht oder einfach nur der Versuch, sich online beim Finanzamt anzumelden: Das Thema digitale Infrastruktur brennt uns unter den Nägeln - privat wie beruflich. Oft haben wir den Eindruck, dass die Digitalisierung in Deutschland lediglich eine "Elektrifizierung der Verwaltung" ist. Weshalb stockt die digitale Transformation von Behörden, Schulen und Firmen? Wie ist es um die Datensicherheit bestellt und wie gefährlich sind Cyberattacken für das öffentliche Leben? Und noch wichtiger: Wie könnten die Lösungen aussehen, die aus den vielen Herausforderungen eine Chance machen würden? - Das Buch zur digitalen Transformation: Warum tut sich Deutschland so schwer damit? - Digitalisierungsstrategie: Die richtige Balance zwischen Blockade und Gießkannenprinzip - Cybersicherheit: Wie sich kritische Infrastruktur vor Hackerangriffen schützen lässt - Digitale Verwaltung: Der Weg zum (wieder) leistungsfähigen Sozialstaat - Demokratie in Gefahr: Plattformstrategie für einen resilienten Staat - digital wie analog Herausforderung Digitalisierung: Strategien für Verwaltung, Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft Das Autorenduo Valentina Kerst, frühere Staatssekretärin in Thüringen und heutige Digitale Strategie-Beraterin für Organisationen und Unternehmen, und Fedor Ruhose, Staatssekretär in Rheinland-Pfalz für Digitalisierungskonzepte, legt ein gut zu lesendes, hochinformatives und zukunftsweisendes Sachbuch vor. Nach einer gründlichen Analyse der Faktoren, die die Digitalisierung bremsen, wird sowohl für Bürgerinnen und Bürger als auch für die Staatsorgane aufgezeigt, was sie zu einer positiven Entwicklung beitragen können. Für Entscheidungsträger genauso gewinnbringend zu lesen wie für alle, die bei dieser gesellschaftspolitischen Debatte mitreden und die digitale Transformation mitgestalten wollen!
- BK
- 88.10 (Öffentliche Verwaltung: Allgemeines)
- Classification
- 88.10 (Öffentliche Verwaltung: Allgemeines)
- Content
- Ein digitaler Blackout in Deutschland kann Folge eines Angriffs sein - aber auch Folge einer maroden Infrastruktur. Deutschland rangiert bei der Digitalisierung weit unter dem EU-Durchschnitt,und eine umfassende Digitalisierungsstrategie ist nicht in Sicht. Kerst und Ruhose sehen die Gefahr, dass der Staat den digitalen Anschluss verpasst und als Garant guter Verwaltung undsicherer Netze ausfällt. Das Autoren-Duo stellt ein konkretes Programm für eine gestaltende Digitalisierungspolitik vor, die Deutschland sicher aufstellt und Teilhabe für alle garantiert. Das Digitale durchdringt inzwischen Gesellschaft, Medien, Sicherheit, Gesundheitswesen, Verwaltung und Wirtschaft; kurz: unser demokratisches Gemeinwesen. In Deutschland findet jedocheine stückweise Digitalisierung "ohne Sinn und Verstand" statt, so die AutorInnen, etwa wenn Netze nicht gesichert werden oder die Infrastruktur nicht zukunftsfest ist. Gleichzeitig entstehengroße Risiken durch Abhängigkeiten von globalen Konzernen und damit für unsere Demokratie. Ohne digitale Geschäftsmodelle und Infrastruktur gerät unsere Wirtschaft ins Hintertreffen,entstehen Angriffsziele im Cyberraum. Wie können wir das verhindern? Und was ist jetzt zu tun?
- Footnote
- Rez. in: Spektrum der Wissenschaft. 2024, H.1 (Wolfgang Skrandies): "Die Autoren analysieren die Faktoren, die die digitale Transformation in Deutschland bremsen und zeigen Lösungsmöglichkeiten auf".
- RSWK
- Computerkriminalität, Hacking / Digital- und Informationstechnologien: soziale und ethische Aspekte / Digitale- oder Internetökonomie / Informatik und Informationstechnologie / Informationstechnik (IT), allgemeine Themen / Internet, allgemein / Kommunal- und Regionalverwaltung / Maker und Hacker-Kultur / Medienwissenschaften: Internet, digitale Medien und Gesellschaft / Politik der Kommunal-, Regional- Landes- und Lokalpolitik / Öffentliche Verwaltung / Öffentlicher Dienst und öffentlicher Sektor / Deutschland / Abhängigkeit / Angriff / Blackout / Cyberraum / Cybersicherheit / Demokratie / Demokratiesicherung
- Subject
- Computerkriminalität, Hacking / Digital- und Informationstechnologien: soziale und ethische Aspekte / Digitale- oder Internetökonomie / Informatik und Informationstechnologie / Informationstechnik (IT), allgemeine Themen / Internet, allgemein / Kommunal- und Regionalverwaltung / Maker und Hacker-Kultur / Medienwissenschaften: Internet, digitale Medien und Gesellschaft / Politik der Kommunal-, Regional- Landes- und Lokalpolitik / Öffentliche Verwaltung / Öffentlicher Dienst und öffentlicher Sektor / Deutschland / Abhängigkeit / Angriff / Blackout / Cyberraum / Cybersicherheit / Demokratie / Demokratiesicherung
-
Franke-Maier, M.; Kasprzik, A.; Ledl, A.; Schürmann, H.: Editorial (2021)
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- Abstract
- Es ist naheliegend, einen Band zur Qualität in der Inhaltserschließung damit zu beginnen, den Begriff Qualität als solchen zu reflektieren. Wenn wir Qualität gemäß der ISO-Norm 9000:2015-1 definieren als "Grad, in dem ein Satz inhärenter Merkmale eines Objekts Anforderungen erfüllt", was sind dann die Qualitätsanforderungen an die Inhaltserschließung? Auf diese Frage gibt es zweifellos keine eindeutige und allgemeingültige Antwort - zumindest war das das Ergebnis der Diskussion unter den Herausgeber:innen dieses Bandes. Dementsprechend beleuchten wir die Frage im Folgenden aus vier unterschiedlichen Perspektiven: zunächst aus einer eher idealistischen, im Berufsethos verankerten, dann aus einer rein fachlichen und schließlich aus einer praktischen Perspektive. Die vierte, die deskriptive bzw. historische, geht als eigener Aufsatz von Andreas Ledl in den Band ein.
- Series
- Bibliotheks- und Informationspraxis; 70
- Source
- Qualität in der Inhaltserschließung. Hrsg.: M. Franke-Maier, u.a
- Theme
- Geschichte der Sacherschließung
-
Vaas, R.: Wo die Wissenschaft endet (2020)
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- Field
- Naturwissenschaften
- Source
- Bild der Wissenschaft. 2020, H.2, S.32-37
-
D'Avis, W.: Denkende Maschinen (2020)
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- Content
- Vgl. auch das Buch: D'Avis, W.: Geisteswissenschaftliche Grundlagen der Naturwissenschaften: eine Kritik des Szientismus. Weinheim: Beltz Juventa 2019.
-
Rösch, H.: Informationsethik (2023)
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- Abstract
- Der Terminus Informationsethik (information ethics) wurde Ende der 1980er Jahre im bibliothekarischen Umfeld geprägt und tauchte etwa zeitgleich in den USA und Deutschland auf. Informationsethik umfasst alle ethisch relevanten Fragen, die im Zusammenhang mit Produktion, Speicherung, Erschließung, Verteilung und Nutzung von Informationen auftreten. Informationsethik gehört zu den angewandten oder Bereichsethiken, die sich in den vergangenen Jahrzehnten in großer Zahl gebildet haben. Dazu zählen etwa Wirtschaftsethik, Medizinethik, Technikethik, Computerethik oder Medienethik. Zu beobachten ist ein Trend zu immer spezifischeren Bereichsethiken wie z. B. der Lebensmittelethik oder der Algorithmenethik. Aufteilung und Abgrenzung der Bereichsethiken folgen keinem einheitlichen Prinzip. Daher schwanken ihre Anzahl und ihre Benennungen in der Fachliteratur erheblich. Bereichsethiken überlappen sich z. T. oder stehen bisweilen in einem komplementären Verhältnis. So hat die Informationsethik ohne Zweifel u. a. Bezüge zur Medienethik, zur Technikethik (Computerethik), zur Wirtschaftsethik, zur Wissenschaftsethik und natürlich zur Sozialethik. Im Unterschied zur Allgemeinen Ethik, die sich mit übergreifenden, allgemeinen Aspekten wie Freiheit, Gerechtigkeit oder Wahrhaftigkeit auseinandersetzt, übertragen angewandte Ethiken zum einen allgemeine ethische Prinzipien und Methoden auf bestimmte Lebensbereiche und Handlungsfelder. Zum anderen arbeiten sie spezifische Fragestellungen und Probleme heraus, die charakteristisch für den jeweiligen Bereich sind und die in der Allgemeinen Ethik keine Berücksichtigung finden. Angewandte Ethiken sind grundsätzlich praxisorientiert. Sie zielen darauf, die Akteure der jeweiligen Handlungsfelder für ethische Fragestellungen zu sensibilisieren und das Bewusstsein um eine gemeinsame Wertebasis, die idealerweise in einem Ethikkodex dokumentiert ist, zu stabilisieren.
- Source
- Grundlagen der Informationswissenschaft. Hrsg.: Rainer Kuhlen, Dirk Lewandowski, Wolfgang Semar und Christa Womser-Hacker. 7., völlig neu gefasste Ausg
