-
Malsburg, C. von der: ¬The correlation theory of brain function (1981)
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- Abstract
- A summary of brain theory is given so far as it is contained within the framework of Localization Theory. Difficulties of this "conventional theory" are traced back to a specific deficiency: there is no way to express relations between active cells (as for instance their representing parts of the same object). A new theory is proposed to cure this deficiency. It introduces a new kind of dynamical control, termed synaptic modulation, according to which synapses switch between a conducting and a non- conducting state. The dynamics of this variable is controlled on a fast time scale by correlations in the temporal fine structure of cellular signals. Furthermore, conventional synaptic plasticity is replaced by a refined version. Synaptic modulation and plasticity form the basis for short-term and long-term memory, respectively. Signal correlations, shaped by the variable network, express structure and relationships within objects. In particular, the figure-ground problem may be solved in this way. Synaptic modulation introduces exibility into cerebral networks which is necessary to solve the invariance problem. Since momentarily useless connections are deactivated, interference between di erent memory traces can be reduced, and memory capacity increased, in comparison with conventional associative memory
- Source
- http%3A%2F%2Fcogprints.org%2F1380%2F1%2FvdM_correlation.pdf&usg=AOvVaw0g7DvZbQPb2U7dYb49b9v_
- Theme
- Information
- Type
- a
-
Kalseth, K.; Hansen, P.: Limiting the gap between information need and satisfaction (1999)
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- Source
- FID review. 1(1999) nos.4/5, S.91-94
- Theme
- Information
- Type
- a
-
Dillon, A.; Vaughan, M.: "It's the journey and the destination" : shape and the emergent property of genre in evaluating digital documents (1997)
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- Abstract
- Navigation is a limited metaphor for hypermedia and website use that potentially constraints our understanding of human-computer interaction. Traces the emergence of the navigation metaphor and the emprical analysis of navigation measures in usability evaluation before suggesting an alternative concept to consider: shape. The shape concept affords a richer analytic tool for considering humans' use of digital documents and invokes social level analysis of meaning that are shared among discourse communities who both produce and consume the information resources
- Date
- 6. 2.1999 20:10:22
- Source
- New review of hypermedia and multimedia. 1997, no.3, S.91-106
- Theme
- Information
- Type
- a
-
McGarry, K.: Literacy, communication and libraries : a study guide (1991)
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- Classification
- Buc A 91 / Schriftlichkeit
- SBB
- Buc A 91 / Schriftlichkeit
- Theme
- Information
-
Casey, D.D.: Beyond point and click : information literacy for the Web (1997)
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- Abstract
- Examines the challenge for librarians presented with members of the public wanting to make use of the Internet, who may anticipate that finding information on the WWW is a relative straightforward matter. Looks at the kind of guidance needed in using both the Windows operating system and Web browsers. Points out that users will have to learn how to cope with the frustrations inherent to the current realities of the Internet, and specific problems such as the need for absolute precision when entering Web addresses. Reference interviews may be required to determine whether the Web is the best source for the information sought in a particular instance, to help formulate appropriate search strategies, and evaluate and present the information that users retrieve
- Source
- Illinois libraries. 79(1997) no.2, S.88-91
- Theme
- Information
- Type
- a
-
Fallis, D.: Social epistemology and information science (2006)
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- Date
- 13. 7.2008 19:22:28
- Source
- Annual review of information science and technology. 40(2006), S.xxx-xxx
- Theme
- Information
- Type
- a
-
Holland, G.A.: Associating social constructionism and extended cognition in information studies (2006)
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- Abstract
- Purpose - To develop a unified research framework that synthesizes similarities between cognitive science and information studies, particularly language. This framework is proposed and explored as useful for future information study research. Design/methodology/approach - Analysis is conducted of two contemporary developments in the distinct disciplines of information studies and cognitive science. The theories of extended cognition and social constructionism are explored, focusing on the issue of context in each of the arguments. The complementarity argument is presented as the strongest argument for extended cognition, while Sanna Talja's work is offered as representative of social constructionism in information studies. The philosophical similarities between extended cognition and social constructionism are then integrated at points of similarity. Findings - Cognitive science and information studies have a number of unexpected similarities both in broad and specific terms. The opportunity to develop a synchronized research framework is presented as both feasible and mutually beneficial. Additionally, cognitive science is suggested as useful tool in bridging the gap between the frameworks of cognitivism and social constructionism in information studies. Research limitations/implications - The philosophic discussion borders on technical at times possibly limiting it to those familiar with or interested in the philosophy or meta-theory within cognitive science and information studies. Practical implications - The conclusion points to future research between cognitive science and information studies that can be conducted in further research projects. The arguments also move toward continuing discussions of interdisciplinarity in information studies. Originality/value - Cognitive science is being frequently employed in information studies research and practice. This paper presents an alternative take on how the two can relate and possible benefits, while also exploring very particular movements within each discipline.
- Source
- Journal of documentation. 62(2006) no.1, S.91-100
- Theme
- Information
- Type
- a
-
Repo, A.J.: ¬The dual approach to the value of information : an appraisal of use and exchange values (1989)
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- Source
- Information processing and management. 22(1986) no.5, S.373-383
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- Information
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- a
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Houston, R.D.; Harmon, E.G.: Re-envisioning the information concept : systematic definitions (2002)
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- Abstract
- This paper suggests a framework and systematic definitions for 6 words commonly used in dthe field of information science: data, information, knowledge, wisdom, inspiration, and intelligence. We intend these definitions to lead to a quantification of information science, a quantification that will enable their measurement, manipulastion, and prediction.
- Date
- 22. 2.2007 18:56:23
22. 2.2007 19:22:13
- Source
- Emerging frameworks and methods: Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on the Conceptions of Library and Information Science (CoLIS4), Seattle, WA, July 21 - 25, 2002. Eds.: Fidel, R., H. Bruce, P. Ingwersen u. P. Vakkari
- Theme
- Information
- Type
- a
-
Robertson, G.: What is information? (1996)
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- Abstract
- Discusses information in the context of information resources management arguing that it is an essential resource for every organization but one that needs to be managed better. Examines information as a resource, as an asset, as a commodity, as a rubbish
- Source
- Managing information. 3(1996) no.6, S.22-23
- Theme
- Information
Information Resources Management
- Type
- a
-
Bates, M.J.: Fundamental forms of information (2006)
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- Abstract
- Fundamental forms of information, as well as the term information itself, are defined and developed for the purposes of information science/studies. Concepts of natural and represented information (taking an unconventional sense of representation), encoded and embodied information, as well as experienced, enacted, expressed, embedded, recorded, and trace information are elaborated. The utility of these terms for the discipline is illustrated with examples from the study of information-seeking behavior and of information genres. Distinctions between the information and curatorial sciences with respect to their social (and informational) objects of study are briefly outlined.
- Content
- Vgl. Erwiderung: Hjoerland, B.: The controversy over the concept of information: a rejoinder to Professor Bates. In: Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 60(2009) no.3, S.643.
- Date
- 22. 3.2009 18:15:22
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 57(2006) no.8, S.1033-1045
- Theme
- Information
- Type
- a
-
Fugmann, R.: What is information? : an information veteran looks back (2022)
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- Content
- Vgl.: https://www.nomos-elibrary.de/10.5771/0943-7444-2022-1-3/what-is-information-an-information-veteran-looks-back-jahrgang-49-2022-heft-1?page=1.
- Date
- 18. 8.2022 19:22:57
- Theme
- Information
- Type
- a
-
Davenport, E.; Cronin, B.: Knowledge management : Semantic drift or conceptual shift? (2000)
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- Date
- 31. 7.2001 20:22:57
- Footnote
- Thematisierung der Verschiebung des Verständnisses von Wissensmanagement; vgl. auch: Day, R.E.: Totality and representation: a history of knowledge management ... in: JASIS 52(2001) no.9, S.725-735
- Source
- Journal of education for library and information science. 41(2000) no.?, S.294-306
- Theme
- Information
- Type
- a
-
Information literacy : a position paper on information problem solving; American Association of School Librarians Position Statement (1995)
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- Abstract
- Adopted and formatted in 1994 and reprinted with the permission of the American Association of School Librarians. Information literacy is the term being applied to the skills of information problem solving. Identifies the key elements of information literacy and presents a rationale for integrating information literacy into all aspects of the K-12 and post secondary curriculum
- Date
- 11. 4.1996 14:22:40
- Theme
- Information
- Type
- a
-
Swigon, M.: Information limits : definition, typology and types (2011)
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- Abstract
- Purpose - This paper seeks to organize the extensive field and to compile the complete list of information limits. Design/methodology/approach - A thorough analysis of literature from the field beginning with the 1960s up to the present has been performed. Findings - A universal typology of information limits has been proposed. A list of barriers mentioned in the literature of the subject has been compiled. Research limitations/implications - The term "information limits" is not commonly used. Originality/value - The complete list of information limits with bibliographical hints (helpful for future research) is presented.
- Date
- 12. 7.2011 18:22:52
- Theme
- Information
- Type
- a
-
Cawkell, T.: ¬The information age : for better or for worse (1998)
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- Abstract
- Although the 'information poor' are already present, the arrival of a much greater gap between the 'information poor' and 'information rich' is forecast in the book: Sovereign individual, by J.D. Davidson and W. Rees-Mogg. Concludes that, if the events forecast in the book come about, there will not be an information society but an unacceptable society
- Date
- 3. 1.1999 14:40:22
- Source
- Journal of information science. 24(1998) no.1, S.56-58
- Theme
- Information
- Type
- a
-
Infield, N.: Capitalising on knowledge : if knowledge is power, why don't librarians rule the world? (1997)
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- Abstract
- While knowledge management is seen to be the biggest thing to hit the information profession since the Internet, the concept is surrounded by confusion. Traces the progress of knowledge on the information continuum which extends from data to informed decision. The reason for which knowledge management has suddenly become inluential is that its principal proponents now are not information professionals but management consultants seeking to retain their intellectual capital. Explains the reasons for this, the practical meaning of knowledge management and what information professionals should be doing to take advantage of the vogue
- Source
- Information world review. 1997, no.130, S.22
- Theme
- Information
- Type
- a
-
Oxbrow, N.: Information literacy : the final key to an information society (1998)
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- Abstract
- The terms: information society, the information age, the knowledge based society and the knowledge driven economy are all now familiar terms. Governments have been promoting them, the media has been reporting on them and leaders use them to indicate progress and advancement. In light of all this exposure, considers just how far along the road are these societies from the industrial age towards the information age
- Date
- 22. 5.1999 19:55:13
- Theme
- Information
- Type
- a
-
Badia, A.: Data, information, knowledge : an information science analysis (2014)
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- Abstract
- I analyze the text of an article that appeared in this journal in 2007 that published the results of a questionnaire in which a number of experts were asked to define the concepts of data, information, and knowledge. I apply standard information retrieval techniques to build a list of the most frequent terms in each set of definitions. I then apply information extraction techniques to analyze how the top terms are used in the definitions. As a result, I draw data-driven conclusions about the aggregate opinion of the experts. I contrast this with the original analysis of the data to provide readers with an alternative viewpoint on what the data tell us.
- Date
- 16. 6.2014 19:22:57
- Source
- Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 65(2014) no.6, S.1279-1287
- Theme
- Information
- Type
- a
-
Bruce, C.S.: ¬The relational approach : a new model for information literacy (1997)
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- Abstract
- The dominant approaches in information literacy scholarship and research conflict with constructivist approaches to learning preferred by educators. Proposes an alternative, 'relational', model of information literacy which reveals a picture of information literacy that is constructed in terms of varying relations between people and information. These relations are captured in 7 categories, graphially conveyed through awareness structures, which together represent information literacy as it is experienced. Information literacy education may be interpreted as helping people to experience information use differently. This model demonstrates that: the meanings associated with information literacy by information professionals may not be shared by users; the experienced meaning of information literacy is fluid and contextually bound; and, understanding of information literacy and related concepts will deepen if the experience of information users is given priority in research. Proposes an agenda for information literacy research based upon the relational approach
- Source
- New review of information and library research. 3(1997), S.1-22
- Theme
- Information
- Type
- a
