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  1. Dumontet, C.: Cataloghi a strisce (1995) 0.07 
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    Abstract
    Analyses some problems that arise when cataloguing comic book/strip cartoon publications using the USMARC format, suggesting solutions for each of the 4 main forms in which cartoon titles appear - periodical titles; stories within periodicals and serials; serial titles; and albums - in the context of AACR2 interpretations. For genre cataloguing, terminology from an 'open' system such as the Art and Architecture Thesaurus (AAT) is preferable to the LCSH. Suggests ways to overcome USMARC's limitations when cataloguing cartoon characters
    Date
    29. 1.1996 17:18:10
  2. Dell'Orso, F.: Micro CDS/ISIS : analisi di un information retrieval system per personal computer (1995) 0.05 
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    Abstract
    Continuing a previous article on CDS/ISIS Micro functions and procedures, illustrates other aspects by recapitulating the strong and weak points of the system. Defects include lack of user firendliness, the search and cataloguing functions, index management, and import/export. Favourable features are total file definition, the formatting language, alphabetical sorting, commands, and data transfer to/from other software environments. ISIS, developed by UNESCO, is a good product, and although demanding for the user, repays the effort made
  3. Serrai, A.: ¬La specificita della bibliografia (1995) 0.03 
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    Abstract
    Bibliography' s claim to be a discipline is founded on its specific and exclusive concerns with knowledge organization structures and with the logical tools needed for indexing procedures. Discusses in a historical context the theoretical bases of bibliography, exploring such themes as the problems of author/reader communication and the abandonment of university accepted document classification criteria. Suggests that probably the only way to restore bibliographic communication is to adopt cognitive and regulatory 'maps' based on literary communication
    Date
    14. 7.1996 13:29:45
  4. Serrai, A.: Johann Michael Franke e il catalogo della Bibliotheca Bunaviana (1750-1756) (1995) 0.03 
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    Abstract
    The Bünau Library catalogue (1750-56), which initially comprised 3 tomes of 7 volumes and had 16.000 authors listed in its final index, is the most systematically structured in the history of bibliography, its architecture being so analytical that it almost fulfils the librarian's dream of so organising a collection that it develops organically from within. Describes with examples of indexing the work of the Bünau Library's first director, J.M. Franke (1717-75), who began his task with the 42.000 volumes in Count Heinrich von Bülau's private collection, and later supervised their incorporation with the Brühl and Dresden Electoral Library collections
    Date
    14. 7.1996 13:29:45
  5. Aghemo, A.: ¬Il reference librarian nel contesto multimediale (1998) 0.03 
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    Date
    29. 1.1996 17:18:10
    29. 4.2000 18:39:01
    Footnote
    Übers. d. Titels: The reference librarian in a multimedia context
  6. Bolzoni, D.; Santoro, M.: Percorsi bibliografici (1996) 0.03 
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    Abstract
    Describes a proposed system for helping public library users, in praticular students, in their document searches. The system would directly involve users in compiling cards that indictae the various library sources (encyclopedias, books, newspapers, magazines, etc.) from which they retrieved bibliographic data. These cards would then be used to create a search path catalogue having 2 sections: general research topics; and keywords. Subsequently the librarian would form a database from this information. Such a system would not only benefit other researchers but also help the library to plan acquisition and rationalise its document arrangements. The scheme won 3rd prize in an open competition designated 'La biblioteca desiderata' (The kind of library we want), promoted jointly by the Milan Province Cultural Office and Biblioteche Oggi
    Date
    29. 1.1996 17:18:10
  7. Kempf, K.: Dalla Germania un esempio avanzato di sistema integrato (1997) 0.02 
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    Abstract
    Examines the structure and functions of the Bavarian regional electronic network, the Bibliotheksverbund Bayern (BVB), linking more than 60 academic and sceintific libraries. Utilising the Sokrates automation program, the system promotes close cooperation in technical and management matters, especially in relation to acquisitions, cataloguing, data retrieval and loans. BVB projects include the following: reconversion and digitization of printed catalogues, starting with the Bayerische Staatsbibliothek; automation of remote lending operations (within the national DBV-OSI scheme); the Elektra document order and supply service; and an electronic full-text document project
    Date
    29. 1.1996 17:18:10
    Footnote
    Übers. des Titels: An example from Germany of a modern integrated system
  8. Marzano, G.: Introduzione alla teoria degli insiemi fuzzy (1992) 0.02 
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    Abstract
    Presents the basic ideas underlying fuzzy set theory, developed by Zadeh in the 1960s, which has important appplications in information retrieval and documentation. A fuzzy information retrieval system is much less restrictive that a Boolean model, since results can be arranged according to degree of similarity. Another application of the theory concerns the use of linguistic quantifiers; this type of solution is well adapted to retrieval systems designed for direct operation by end-users. Illustraes with examples fuzzy set algebra, operation, relationships, logic and reasoning
    Date
    29. 1.1996 16:08:02
  9. Bellei, M.: ¬Un catalogo 'ricco' (1998) 0.02 
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    Abstract
    To enhance descriptions, cataloguers can add 'enriching' words or phrases to titles, or introduce content-enriched access features to aid subject-based research. Additional and natural language subject headings designed to support, though not replace, controlled language headings can result in enhanced indexing. Analytical cataloguing and double indexing are 2 other means by which readers can gian access to additional bibliographic data. Also examines how online research tool effectiveness can be enhanced by a system of automatic links between descriptors
    Date
    29. 1.1996 17:18:10
  10. Nuovo soggettario : guida al sistema italiano di indicizzazione per soggetto, prototipo del thesaurus (2007) 0.02 
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    Footnote
    Rez. in: Knowledge organization 34(2007) no.1, S.58-60 (P. Buizza): "This Nuovo soggettario is the first sign of subject indexing renewal in Italy. Italian subject indexing has been based until now on Soggettario per i cataloghi delle biblioteche italiane (Firenze, 1956), a list of preferred terms and see references, with suitable hierarchical subdivisions and cross references, derived from the subject catalogue of the National Library in Florence (BNCF). New headings later used in Bibliografia nazionale italiana (BNI) were added without references, nor indeed with any real maintenance. Systematic instructions on how to combine the terms are lacking: the indexer using this instrument is obliged to infer the order of terms absent from the lists by consulting analogous entries. Italian libraries are suffering from the limits of this subject catalogue: vocabulary is inadequate, obsolete and inconsistent, the syndetic structure incomplete and inaccurate, and the syntax ill-defined, poorly explained and unable to reflect complex subjects. In the nineties, the Subject Indexing Research Group (Gruppo di ricerca sull'indicizzazione per soggetto, GRIS) of the AIB (Italian Library Association) developed the indexing theory and some principles of PRECIS and drew up guidelines based on consistent principles for vocabulary, semantic relationships and subject string construction, the latter according to role syntax (Guida 1997). In overhauling the Soggettario, the National Library in Florence aimed at a comprehensive indexing system. (A report on the method and evolution of the work has been published in Knowledge Organization (Lucarelli 2005), while the feasibility study is available in Italian (Per un nuovo Soggettario 2002). Any usable terms from the old Soggettario will be transferred to the new system, while taking into consideration international norms and interlinguistic compatibility, as well as applications outside the immediate library context. The terms will be accessible via a suitable OPAC operating on the most advanced software.
    The guide Nuovo soggettario was presented on February 8' 2007 at a one-day seminar in the Palazzo Vecchio, Florence, in front of some 500 spellbound people. The Nuovo soggettario comes in two parts: the guide in book-form and an accompanying CD-ROM, by way of which a prototype of the thesaurus may be accessed on the Internet. In the former, rules are stated; the latter contains a pdf version of the guide and the first installment of the controlled vocabulary, which is to be further enriched and refined. Syntactic instructions (general application guidelines, as well as special annotations of particular terms) and the compiled subject strings file have yet to be added. The essentials of the new system are: 1) an analytic-synthetic approach, 2) use of terms (units of controlled vocabulary) and subject strings (which represent subjects by combining terms in linear order to form syntactic relationships), instead of main headings and subdivisions, 3) specificity of terms and strings, with a view to the co-extension of subject string and subject matter and 4) a clear distinction between semantic and syntactic relationships, with full control of them both. Basic features of the vocabulary include the uniformity and univocality of terms and thesaural management of a priori (semantic) relationships. Starting from its definition, each term can be categorially analyzed: four macro-categories are represented (agents, action, things, time), for which there are subcategories called facets (e.g., for actions: activities, disciplines, processes), which in turn have sub-facets. Morphological instructions conform to national and international standards, including BS 8723, ANSI/ NISO Z39.19 and the IFLA draft of Guidelines for multilingual thesauri, even for syntactic factorization. Different kinds of semantic relationships are represented thoroughly, and particular attention is paid to poly-hierarchies, which are used only in moderation: both top terms must actually be relevant. Node labels are used to specify the principle of division applied. Instance relationships are also used.
    An entry is structured so as to present all the essential elements of the indexing system. For each term are given: category, facet, related terms, Dewey interdisciplinary class number and, if necessary; definition or scope notes. Sources used are referenced (an appendix in the book lists those used in the current work). Historical notes indicate whenever a change of term has occurred, thus smoothing the transition from the old lists. In chapter 5, the longest one, detailed instructions with practical examples show how to create entries and how to relate terms; upper relationships must always be complete, right up to the top term, whereas hierarchies of related terms not yet fully developed may remain unfinished. Subject string construction consists in a double operation: analysis and synthesis. The former is the analysis of logical functions performed by single concepts in the definition of the subject (e.g., transitive actions, object, agent, etc.) or in syntactic relationships (transitive relationships and belonging relationship), so that each term for those concepts is assigned its role (e.g., key concept, transitive element, agent, instrument, etc.) in the subject string, where the core is distinct from the complementary roles (e.g., place, time, form, etc.). Synthesis is based on a scheme of nuclear and complementary roles, and citation order follows agreed-upon principles of one-to-one relationships and logical dependence. There is no standard citation order based on facets, in a categorial logic, but a flexible one, although thorough. For example, it is possible for a time term (subdivision) to precede an action term, when the former is related to the latter as the object of action: "Arazzi - Sec. 16.-17. - Restauro" [Tapestry - 16th-17th century - Restoration] (p. 126). So, even with more complex subjects, it is possible to produce perfectly readable strings covering the whole of the subject matter without splitting it into two incomplete and complementary headings. To this end, some unusual connectives are adopted, giving the strings a more discursive style.
    Now BNI is beginning to use the new language, pointing the way for the adoption of Nuovo soggettario in Italian libraries: a difficult challenge whose success is not assured. To name only one issue: including all fields of study requires particular care in treating terms with different specialized meanings; cooperation of other libraries and institutions is foreseen. At the same time, efforts are being made to assure the system's interoperability outside the library world. It is clear that a great commitment is required. "Too complex a system!" say the naysayers. "Only at the beginning," the proponents reply. The new system goes against the mainstream, compared with the imitation of the easy way offered by search engines - but we know that they must enrich their devices to improve quality, just repeating the work on semantic and syntactic relationships that leads formal expressions to the meanings they are intended to communicate - and also compared with research to create automated devices supporting human work, for the need to simplify cataloguing. Here AI is not involved, but automation is widely used to facilitate and to support the conscious work of indexers guided by rules as clear as possible. The advantage of Nuovo soggettario is its combination of a thesaurus (a much-appreciated tool used across the world) with the equally widespread technique of subject-string construction, which is to say: the rational and predictable combination of the terms used. The appearance of this original, unparalleled working model may well be a great occasion in the international development of indexing, as, on one hand, the Nuovo soggettario uses a recognized tool (the thesaurus) and, on the other, by permitting both pre-coordination and post-coordination, it attempts to overcome the fragmentation of increasingly complex and specialized subjects into isolated, single-term descriptors. This is a serious proposition that merits consideration from both theoretical and practical points of view - and outside Italy, too."
  11. Visintin, G.: Passaggi (1998) 0.01 
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    Date
    29. 1.1996 17:18:10
    22. 2.1999 20:40:57
  12. Buttò, S.: RDA: analyses, considerations and activities by the Central Institute for the Union Catalogue of Italian Libraries and Bibliographic Information (ICCU) (2016) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    The report aims to analyze the applicability of the Resource Description and Access (RDA) within the Italian public libraries, and also in the archives and museums in order to contribute to the discussion at international level. The Central Institute for the Union Catalogue of Italian libraries (ICCU) manages the online catalogue of the Italian libraries and the network of bibliographic services. ICCU has the institutional task of coordinating the cataloging and the documentation activities for the Italian libraries. On March 31 st 2014, the Institute signed the Agreement with the American Library Association,Publishing ALA, for the Italian translation rights of RDA, now available and published inRDAToolkit. The Italian translation has been carried out and realized by the Technical Working Group, made up of the main national and academic libraries, cultural Institutions and bibliographic agencies. The Group started working from the need of studying the new code in its textual detail, to better understand the principles, purposes, and applicability and finally its sustainability within the national context in relation to the area of the bibliographic control. At international level, starting from the publication of the Italian version of RDA and through the research carried out by ICCU and by the national Working Groups, the purpose is a more direct comparison with the experiences of the other European countries, also within EURIG international context, for an exchange of experiences aimed at strengthening the informational content of the data cataloging, with respect to history, cultural traditions and national identities of the different countries.
  13. Nistico, R.: Studio e indicizzazione delle dediche librarie (1998) 0.01 
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    Date
    29. 1.1996 17:18:10
    22. 2.1999 20:41:06
  14. Negrini, G.: Principi filosofici per classificare : una teoria per la scienza (2003) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    The article illustrates briefly the principles at the basis of the theory of science and the universal system conceived. Ingetraut Dahlberg occupa un posto di primo piano in Documentazione per le iniziative importanti che ha realizzato e per l'apporto teoretico fornito all'ordinamento conoscenze. Critica sulle possibilità di sviluppo degli attuali sistemi di classificazione universale, fondati per paradigmi storico-filosofici su discipline, Dahlberg introduce una teoria concettuale rivolta all'organizzazione del singolo campo di conoscenza e del sapere universale. L'articolo espone brevemente i principî che sono alla base della teoria e del sistema universale concepito.
  15. Cecchini, C.; Zanchetta, C.; Paolo Borin, P.; Xausa, G.: Computational design e sistemi di classificazione per la verifica predittiva delle prestazioni di sistema degli organismi edilizi : Computational design and classification systems to support predictive checking of performance of building systems (2017) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    The aim of control the economic, social and environmental aspects connected to the construction of a building imposes a systematic approach for which t is necessary to make test models aimed to a coordinate analysis of different and independent performance issues. BIM technology, referring to interoperable informative models, offers a significant operative basis to achieve this necessity. In most of the cases, informative models concentrate on a product-based digital models collection built in a virtual space, more than on the simulation of their relational behaviors. This relation, instead, is the most important aspect of modelling because it marks and characterizes the interactions that can define the building as a system. This study presents the use of standard classification systems as tools for both the activation and validation of an integrated performance-based building process. By referring categories and types of the informative model to the codes of a technological and performance-based classification system, it is possible to link and coordinate functional units and their elements with the indications required by the AEC standards. In this way, progressing with an incremental logic, it is possible to achieve the management of the requirements of the whole building and the monitoring of the fulfilment of design objectives and specific normative guidelines.
  16. Dell'Orso, F.: Pro-Cite, per dare forma ai record bibliografici (1994) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    Pro-Cite is a high quality bibliography formatting software program designed for the efficient management of a text data file. The program can sort the lists of bibliographical references provided by abstracts and keywords in variable length fields, prepare selected lists classified in different ways so that writing is needed once only, and provide a variety of output formats. Describes Pro-Cite database organization, editing procedures, the authority file, reformatting and input, the inverted file quick search field, sorting, and output. Summarizes the pros and cons of the system
  17. Cheti, A.; Crocetti, A.; Danesi, D.: Espansione o elencazione? : Ovvero l'equivoco ingombro (1995) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    Presents a rebuttal of criticisms of the Italian version of Dewey's 20th ed., which in the section relating to the geography of Italy was alleged to have expanded and updated Auxiliary Table 2 by using classification methods that resulted in errors in the location of some of the country's 8.000 communes (Bibliotecario 38(1993), 147-148). The debate focuses on aspects such as the numbering system of classification, the use of subdivisions, whether or not to list all communes,and the absence in Italy of an intermediate entity between province and commune
  18. Guidi, F.: EasyWeb : un OPAC per le biblioteche e gli archivi (1996) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    EasyWeb is an Italian amde research program for library/archive users that allows simple access to Internet catalogue data via the WWW. The software is based on CDS/ISOIS and is currently available on the UNIX operating system with Intel 486 and Pentium processors. EasyWeb has been tested on the following operating systems: Olivetti, Sco, Novell UnixWare, Linux 1.2.13, Slackware with iBCS2; and in the new 1996 version will be installed on all other UNIX platforms (Solaris, HP, etc.). Names Italian academic bodies with EasyWeb installations and provides an Internet address
  19. Keitz, W. von: Documentazione internazionale con CDS/ISIS : un progetto della University of Library and Information Studies di Stoccarda (1995) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    The Stuttgart University of Library and Information Studies has collected interesting data from a questionnaire based study of CDS/ISIS retrieval system application. Replies from 34 worldwide users, all with Internet access, suggest that CDS/ISIS is mostly used with stand-alone PCs, and that there is much interest in the possible use of CDS/ISIS on UNIX platforms. In 19 cases, CDS/ISIS application s relate to library functions, while in the areas of technology, medicine and the environment most databases are CDS/ISIS-structured and designed for local or internal use. The study also provides data on areas such as CDS/ISIS user groups and development programmes
  20. Badalamenti, G.: ¬L'¬introduzione del GRIS in un sistema multibiblioteche : realta e problemi aperti (1997) 0.01 
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    Footnote
    Übers. des Titels: The introduction of the GRIS subject heading scheme in a multi library system: reality and continuing problems

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