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Date

27.12.2008 11:22:36

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Date

22. 2.2018 12:13:57

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Classification

327.12 22

DDC

327.12 22

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Content

SCHMITZ-ESSER, W.: Defining the conceptual space for a world exhibition - first experiences; SOLOMON. P.: On the use of research categorizations as the basis for organizing knowledge: a test in the domain of information behavior in health care; BEAN, C.: The semantics of hierarchy: explicit parent-child relationships in MeSH tree structures; HUDON, M.: A preliminary investigation of the usefulness of semantic relations and of standardized definitions for the purpose of specifying meaning in a thesaurus; JOUIS, C.: System of types + inter-concept relations properties: towards validation of constructed terminologies; HETZLER, B. et al.: Visualizing the full spectrum of document relationships; GREEN, R.: Attribution and relationality; KOLMAYER, E. et al.: Conceptual maps: users navigation trough paradigmatic and syntagmatic links; NAKAMURA, Y.: Subdivisions vs. conjunctions: a discussion on concept theory; DAHLBERG, I.: Classification structure principles: investigations, experiences, conclusions; FROISSART, C. u. G. LALLICH-BOIDIN: Towards structuring of indexing vocabulary for large technical documents; MOUNIER, E. u. C. PAGANELLI: Text structure and information retrieval in large documents; LAROUK, O.: Modelling users need: schemas of interrogation and filtering of answers from the WEB in co-operative mode; VILADENC, I. u. O.DUPONT: Knowledge transfer in the field of telematics, in a didactic communicational context realized with hypermedia support; WILLIAMSON, N.: An interdisciplinary world and discipline based classification; BEGHTOL, C.: General classification systems: structural principles for multidisciplinary specification; McILWAINE, I.: Knowledge classifications, bibliographic classifications and the Internet;

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3. Kooperative Arbeitsumgebungen Maik ADOMßENT (von Berlin 2001): Gestaltungspotenziale kollaborativer Wissensnetzwerke in "Lernenden Verwaltungen" am Beispiel des praxisbezogenen Online-Kurses "Projektmanagement" der Universität Lüneburg S.123 Andreas WENDT: Standardisierungen im E-Learning-Bereich zur Unterstützung der automatisierten Komposition von Lernmaterialien S.133 Katja MRUCK, Marion NIEHOFF, Guenter MEY: Forschungsunterstützung in kooperativen Lernumgebungen: Das Beispiel der "Projektwerkstatt Qualitativen Arbeitens" als Offline- und Online-Begleitkonzept S.143 Irmhild ROGULLA, Mirko PREHN: Arbeitsprozessorientierte Weiterbildung: Prozess-Systematik als Basis für Informationsaneignung, Wissenserwerb und Kompetenzentwicklung S.151 4. Wissensmanagement und Informationsdesign Alexander SIGEL: Wissensmanagement in der Praxis: Wann, wie und warum hilft dort Wissensorganisation (nicht)? S.163 Johannes GADNER, Doris OHNESORGE, Tine ADLER, Renate BUBER: Repräsentation und Organisation von Wissen zur Entscheidungsunterstützung im Management S.175 Kerstin ZIMMERMANN: Die Anforderungen an ein wissenschaftliches Informationsportal für die Telekommunikation S.187 Philip ZERWECK: Gestaltung und Erstellung komplexer Informationsangebote im Web S.197 H. Peter OHLY (von Belin 2001): Erstellung und Interpretation von semantischen Karten am Beispiel des Themas "Soziologische Beratung" S.205 Thomas SPORER, Anton KÖSTLBACHER: Digitale Dokumentation von wissenschaftlichen Veranstaltungen S.219

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Subject access - Multilingual access Winfried Gödert: Ontological Spine, Localization and Multilingual Access - Lars G. Svensson: Unified Access - A Semantic Web Based Model for Multilingual Navigation in Heterogeneous Data Sources - Patrice Landry: The Evolution of Subject Heading Languages in Europe and their Impact on Subject Access Interoperability - Gerhard Riesthuis: Subject Searching in Merged Catalogues - Jessica Hubrich, Tina Mengel, Katrin Müller, Jan-Helge Jacobs: Improving Subject Access in Global Information Spaces - Christel Hengel: The Virtual International Authority File (VIAF) - la C. Mcllwaine: Tongues of Men - Communication in an Electronic Age - Marie Balikova: Looking for the Best Way of Subject Access - Britta Woldering: Europeana - Mehrsprachiger Zugang zu Europas digitalem Kulturerbe - Ute Scharmann: 1001 Buchstabe oder Warum öffentliche Bibliotheken fremdsprachige Kinderliteratur bereithalten sollten Librarianship - Micellaneous Heidrun Wiesenmüller: Sacherschließung im Bachelorstudiengang Bibliotheks- und Informationsmanagement an der Hochschule der Medien Stuttgart - Dorothy McGarry: Magda Heiner-Freiling and Her Work in the IFLA Section on Classification and Indexing - Robert Zepf: Pour les generations présentes et future - For the Benefit of Present and Future Generations Heidrun Alex: Personalbibliografie Magda Heiner-Freiling

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Kirsten Schlebbe & Elke Greifeneder: D 5 Information Need, Informationsbedarf und -bedürfnis - 543 / Dirk Lewandowski & Christa Womser-Hacker: D 6 Information Seeking Behaviour - 553 / Wolfgang Semar: D 7 Informations- und Wissensmanagement - 567 / Joachim Griesbaum: D 8 Informationskompetenz - 581 / Antje Michel, Maria Gäde, Anke Wittich & Inka Tappenbeck: D 9 Informationsdidaktik - 595 / Rainer Kuhlen: E 1 Informationsmarkt - 605 / Wolfgang Semar: E 2 Plattformökonomie - 621 / Tassilo Pellegrini & Jan Krone: E 3 Medienökonomie - 633 / Christoph Bläsi: E 4 Verlage in Wissenschaft und Bildung - 643 / Irina Sens, Alexander Pöche, Dana Vosberg, Judith Ludwig & Nicola Bieg: E 5 Lizenzierungsformen - 655 / Joachim Griesbaum: E 6 Online-Marketing - 667 / Frauke Schade & Ursula Georgy: E 7 Marketing für Informationseinrichtungen - 679 / Isabella Peters: E 8 Social Media & Social Web - 691 / Klaus Tochtermann & Anna Maria Höfler: E 9 Open Science - 703 / Ulrich Herb & Heinz Pampel: E 10 Open Access - 715 / Tobias Siebenlist: E 11 Open Data - 727 / Sigrid Fahrer & Tamara Heck: E 12 Open Educational Resources - 735 / Tobias Siebenlist: E 13 Open Government - 745 / Herrmann Rösch: F 1 Informationsethik - 755 / Bernard Bekavac: F 2 Informations-, Kommunikationstechnologien- und Webtechnologien - 773 / Peter Brettschneider: F 3 Urheberrecht - 789 / Johannes Caspar: F 4 Datenschutz und Informationsfreiheit - 803 / Norman Meuschke, Nicole Walger & Bela Gipp: F 5 Plagiat - 817 / Rainer Kuhlen: F 6 Informationspathologien - Desinformation - 829 / Glossar

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Date

22. 6.2005 15:30:21

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Footnote

Rez. in: Knowledge organization 30(2003) no.1, S.42-44 (D. Mercier): "This work is a collection of lecture notes following the 22"d Sarada Ranganathan Endowment Lectures which took place in Bangalore, India, from 4-6 December 2000. This compilation has been divided into four sections: historical introduction, compilation of several definitions about knowledge and its management, impacts of knowledge management (KM) an information professionals and, review of information technologies as tools for knowledge management. The aim of this book is to provide "a succinct overview of various aspects of knowledge management, particularly in companies" (p. v). Each chapter focuses an a dominant text in a specific area. Most of the quoted authors are known consultants in KM. Each chapter is similarly handled: a review of a dominant book, some subject matter from a few other consultants and, last but not least, comments an a few broadly cited cases. Each chapter is uneven with regards to the level of detail provided, and ending summaries, which would have been useful, are missing. The book is structured in two parts containing five chapters each. The first part is theoretical, the second deals with knowledge workers and technologies. Haravu begins the first chapter with a historical overview of information and knowledge management (IKM) essentially based an the review previously made by Drucker (1999). Haravu emphasises the major facts and events of the discipline from the industrial revolution up to the advent of the knowledge economy. On the whole, this book is largely technology-oriented. The lecturer presents micro-economic factors contributing to the economic perspective of knowledge management, focusing an the existing explicit knowledge. This is Haravu's prevailing perspective. He then offers a compilation of definitions from Allee (1997) and Sveiby (1997), both known for their contribution in the area of knowledge evaluation. As many others, Haravu confirms his assumption regarding the distinction between information and knowledge, and the knowledge categories: explicit and tacit, both actions oriented and supported by rules (p. 43). The SECI model (Nonaka & Takeuchi, 1995), also known as "knowledge conversion spiral" is described briefly, and the theoretically relational dimension between individual and collectivities is explained. Three SECI linked concepts appear to be missing: contexts in movement, intellectual assets and leadership.

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Content

Enthält die Beiträge: 1. Die Grundlagen der Wissensorganisation Ingetraut Dahlberg: Zur Begriffskultur in den Sozialwissenschaften. Evaluation einer Herausforderung S.2 Gerhard Budin: Begriffliche Wissensorganisation in den Sozialwissenschaften: Theorien und Methodenvielfalt S.12 Gerd Bauer: Die vielseitigen Anwendungsmöglichkeiten des Kategorienprinzips bei der Wissensorganisation S.22 Robert Fugmann: Die Nützlichkeit von semantischen Kategorien auf dern Gebiet der Informationsbereitstellung S.34 Gerhard Rahmtorf: Wege zur Ontologie S.37 2. Wissensordnung und Gesellschaft Raphael Beer: Ungleiches Wissen und demokratische Legitimation S.50 Elisabeth Wallnöfer Köstlin: Zum Charakter chiasmatischen Wissens S.66 Maik Adomßent: Konstitutive Elemente nachhaltiger Wissensgenerierung und -organisation S.70 Walther Umstätter: Knowledge Economy und die Privatisierung von Bibliotheken S.85 Peter Ohly: Bibliometrie in der Postmoderne S.103 Marthinus S. van der Walt: Ethics in Indexing and Classification S.115 Heike Winschiers, Jens Felder & Barbara Paterson: Nachhaltige Wissensorganisation durch kulturelle Synthese S122 3. Pädagogische Wissensorganisation Henry Milder: Knowledge related policy and civic literacy S.130 Christian Swertz: Globalisierung und Individualisierung als Bildungsziele S.140 Wolfgang David: Der Einfluss epistemologischer Überzeugungen auf Wissenserwerb S.147 Monika Witsch: Cyberlaw für den Jugendschutz - Eine pädagogische Bewertung von Internetzensur vor dem Hintergrund rechtsextremer Homepages S.152 Nicole Zillien: "Nächste Folie, bitte!" - Der Einsatz von Präsentationsprogrammen zur Wissensvermittlung und Wissensbewahrung S.159 Wolfgang Semar: Kollaborative Leistungsevaluation beim Einsatz von Wissensmanagementsystemen in der Ausbildung S.169

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Footnote

Rez. in: JASIST 55(2004) no.1, S.90-91 (N. Rhodes): "The recent near-exponential increase in XML-based technologies has exposed a gap between these technologies and those that are concerned with more fundamental data management issues. This very comprehensive and well-organized book has quite neatly filled the gap, thus achieving most of its stated intentions. The target audiences are database and XML professionals wishing to combine XML with modern database technologies and such is the breadth of scope of this book (hat few would not find it useful in some way. The editors have assembled a collection of chapters from a wide selection of industry heavyweights and as with most books of this type, it exhibits many disparate styles but thanks to careful editing it reads well as a cohesive whole. Certain sections have already appeared in print elsewhere and there is a deal of corporate flag-waving but nowhere does it become over-intrusive. The preface provides only the very brietest of introductions to XML but instead sets the tone for the remainder of the book. The twin terms of data- and document-centric XML (Bourret, 2003) that have achieved so much recent currency are re-iterated before XML data management issues are considered. lt is here that the book's aims are stated, mostly concerned with the approaches and features of the various available XML data management solutions. Not surprisingly, in a specialized book such as this one an introduction to XML consists of a single chapter. For issues such as syntax, DTDs and XML Schemas the reader is referred elsewhere, here, Chris Brandin provides a practical guide to achieving good grammar and style and argues convincingly for the use of XML as an information-modeling tool. Using a well-chosen and simple example, a practical guide to modeling information is developed, replete with examples of the pitfalls. This brief but illuminating chapter (incidentally available as a "taster" from the publisher's web site) notes that one of the most promising aspects of XML is that applications can be built to use a single mutable information model, obviating the need to change the application code but that good XML design is the basis of such mutability.
After several detailed examples of XML, Direen and Jones discuss sequence comparisons. The ability to create scored comparisons by such techniques as sequence alignment is fundamental to bioinformatics. For example, the function of a gene product may be inferred from similarity with a gene of known function but originating from a different organism and any information modeling method must facilitate such comparisons. One such comparison tool, BLAST utilizes a heuristic method has become the tool of choice for many years and is integrated into the NeoCore XMS (XML Management System) described herein. Any set of sequences that can be identified using an XPath query may thus become the targets of an embedded search. Again examples are given, though a BLASTp (protein) search is labeled as being BLASTn (nucleotide sequence) in one of them. Some variants of BLAST are computationally intensive, e.g., tBLASTx where a nucleotide sequence is dynamically translated in all six reading frames and compared against similarly translated database sequences. Though these variants are implemented in NeoCore XMS, it would be interesting to see runtimes for such comparisons. Obviously the utility of this and the other four quite specific examples will depend an your interest in the application area but two that are more research-oriented and general follow them. These chapters (on using XML with inductive databases and an XML warehouses) are both readable critical reviews of their respective subject areas. For those involved in the implementation of performance-critical applications an examination of benchmark results is mandatory, however very few would examine the benchmark tests themselves. The picture that emerges from this section is that no single set is comprehensive and that some functionalities are not addressed by any available benchmark. As always, there is no Substitute for an intimate knowledge of your data and how it is used. In a direct comparison of an XML-enabled and a native XML database system (unfortunately neither is named), the authors conclude that though the native system has the edge in handling large documents this comes at the expense of increasing index and data file size. The need to use legacy data and software will certainly favor the all-pervasive XML-enabled RDBMS such as Oracle 9i and IBM's DB2. Of more general utility is the chapter by Schmauch and Fellhauer comparing the approaches used by database systems for the storing of XML documents. Many of the limitations of current XML-handling systems may be traced to problems caused by the semi-structured nature of the documents and while the authors have no panacea, the chapter forms a useful discussion of the issues and even raises the ugly prospect that a return to the drawing board may be unavoidable. The book concludes with an appraisal of the current status of XML by the editors that perhaps focuses a little too little an the database side but overall I believe this book to be very useful indeed. Some of the indexing is a little idiosyncratic, for example some tags used in the examples are indexed (perhaps a separate examples index would be better) and Ron Bourret's excellent web site might be better placed under "Bourret" rather than under "Ron" but this doesn't really detract from the book's qualities. The broad spectrum and careful balance of theory and practice is a combination that both database and XML professionals will find valuable."

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Inhalt: Jan-Hendrik Scheufen: RECOIN: Modell offener Schnittstellen für Information-Retrieval-Systeme und -Komponenten Markus Nick, Klaus-Dieter Althoff: Designing Maintainable Experience-based Information Systems Gesine Quint, Steffen Weichert: Die benutzerzentrierte Entwicklung des Produkt- Retrieval-Systems EIKON der Blaupunkt GmbH Claus-Peter Klas, Sascha Kriewel, André Schaefer, Gudrun Fischer: Das DAFFODIL System - Strategische Literaturrecherche in Digitalen Bibliotheken Matthias Meiert: Entwicklung eines Modells zur Integration digitaler Dokumente in die Universitätsbibliothek Hildesheim Daniel Harbig, René Schneider: Ontology Learning im Rahmen von MyShelf Michael Kluck, Marco Winter: Topic-Entwicklung und Relevanzbewertung bei GIRT: ein Werkstattbericht Thomas Mandl: Neue Entwicklungen bei den Evaluierungsinitiativen im Information Retrieval Joachim Pfister: Clustering von Patent-Dokumenten am Beispiel der Datenbanken des Fachinformationszentrums Karlsruhe Ralph Kölle, Glenn Langemeier, Wolfgang Semar: Programmieren lernen in kollaborativen Lernumgebungen Olga Tartakovski, Margaryta Shramko: Implementierung eines Werkzeugs zur Sprachidentifikation in mono- und multilingualen Texten Nina Kummer: Indexierungstechniken für das japanische Retrieval Suriya Na Nhongkai, Hans-Joachim Bentz: Bilinguale Suche mittels Konzeptnetzen Robert Strötgen, Thomas Mandl, René Schneider: Entwicklung und Evaluierung eines Question Answering Systems im Rahmen des Cross Language Evaluation Forum (CLEF) Niels Jensen: Evaluierung von mehrsprachigem Web-Retrieval: Experimente mit dem EuroGOV-Korpus im Rahmen des Cross Language Evaluation Forum (CLEF)

Footnote

"Evaluierung", das Thema des dritten Kapitels, ist in seiner Breite nicht auf das Information Retrieval beschränkt sondern beinhaltet ebenso einzelne Aspekte der Bereiche Mensch-Maschine-Interaktion sowie des E-Learning. Michael Muck und Marco Winter von der Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik sowie dem Informationszentrum Sozialwissenschaften thematisieren in ihrem Beitrag den Einfluss der Fragestellung (Topic) auf die Bewertung von Relevanz und zeigen Verfahrensweisen für die Topic-Erstellung auf, die beim Cross Language Evaluation Forum (CLEF) Anwendung finden. Im darauf folgenden Aufsatz stellt Thomas Mandl verschiedene Evaluierungsinitiativen im Information Retrieval und aktuelle Entwicklungen dar. Joachim Pfister erläutert in seinem Beitrag das automatisierte Gruppieren, das sogenannte Clustering, von Patent-Dokumenten in den Datenbanken des Fachinformationszentrums Karlsruhe und evaluiert unterschiedliche Clusterverfahren auf Basis von Nutzerbewertungen. Ralph Kölle, Glenn Langemeier und Wolfgang Semar widmen sich dem kollaborativen Lernen unter den speziellen Bedingungen des Programmierens. Dabei werden das System VitaminL zur synchronen Bearbeitung von Programmieraufgaben und das Kennzahlensystem K-3 für die Bewertung kollaborativer Zusammenarbeit in einer Lehrveranstaltung angewendet. Der aktuelle Forschungsschwerpunkt der Hildesheimer Informationswissenschaft zeichnet sich im vierten Kapitel unter dem Thema "Multilinguale Systeme" ab. Hier finden sich die meisten Beiträge des Tagungsbandes wieder. Olga Tartakovski und Margaryta Shramko beschreiben und prüfen das System Langldent, das die Sprache von mono- und multilingualen Texten identifiziert. Die Eigenheiten der japanischen Schriftzeichen stellt Nina Kummer dar und vergleicht experimentell die unterschiedlichen Techniken der Indexierung. Suriya Na Nhongkai und Hans-Joachim Bentz präsentieren und prüfen eine bilinguale Suche auf Basis von Konzeptnetzen, wobei die Konzeptstruktur das verbindende Elemente der beiden Textsammlungen darstellt. Das Entwickeln und Evaluieren eines mehrsprachigen Question-Answering-Systems im Rahmen des Cross Language Evaluation Forum (CLEF), das die alltagssprachliche Formulierung von konkreten Fragestellungen ermöglicht, wird im Beitrag von Robert Strötgen, Thomas Mandl und Rene Schneider thematisiert. Den Schluss bildet der Aufsatz von Niels Jensen, der ein mehrsprachiges Web-Retrieval-System ebenfalls im Zusammenhang mit dem CLEF anhand des multilingualen EuroGOVKorpus evaluiert.

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Perspectives on the Tasks in which Information Behaviors Are Embedded (Barbara M. Wildemuth and Anthony Hughes) - Phenomenography (Louise Limberg) - Practice of Everyday Life (Paulette Rothbauer) - Principle of Least Effort (Donald O. Case) - Professions and Occupational Identities (Olof Sundin and Jenny Hedman) - Radical Change (Eliza T. Dresang) - Reader Response Theory (Catherine Sheldrick Ross) - Rounding and Dissonant Grounds (Paul Solomon) - Serious Leisure (Jenna Hartel) - Small-World Network Exploration (Lennart Björneborn) - Nan Lin's Theory of Social Capital (Catherine A. Johnson) - The Social Constructionist Viewpoint on Information Practices (Kimmo Tuominen, Sanna Talja, and Reijo Savolainen) - Social Positioning (Lisa M. Given) - The Socio-Cognitive Theory of Users Situated in Specific Contexts and Domains (Birger Hjoerland) - Strength of Weak Ties (Christopher M. Dixon) - Symbolic Violence (Steven Joyce) - Taylor's Information Use Environments (Ruth A. Palmquist) - Taylor's Question-Negotiation (Phillip M. Edwards) - Transtheoretical Model of the Health Behavior Change (C. Nadine Wathen and Roma M. Harris) - Value Sensitive Design (Batya Friedman and Nathan G. Freier) - Vygotsky's Zone of Proximal Development (Lynne (E. E) McKechnie) - Web Information Behaviors of Organizational Workers (Brian Detlor) - Willingness to Return (Tammara Combs Turner and Joan C. Durrance) - Women's Ways of Knowing (Heidi Julien) - Work Task Information-Seeking and Retrieval Processes (Preben Hansen) - World Wide Web Information Seeking (Don Turnbull)

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Footnote

Rez. in: Machine translation review: 1999, no.10, S.26-27 (D. Lewis): "Cross Language Information Retrieval (CLIR) addresses the growing need to access large volumes of data across language boundaries. The typical requirement is for the user to input a free form query, usually a brief description of a topic, into a search or retrieval engine which returns a list, in ranked order, of documents or web pages that are relevant to the topic. The search engine matches the terms in the query to indexed terms, usually keywords previously derived from the target documents. Unlike monolingual information retrieval, CLIR requires query terms in one language to be matched to indexed terms in another. Matching can be done by bilingual dictionary lookup, full machine translation, or by applying statistical methods. A query's success is measured in terms of recall (how many potentially relevant target documents are found) and precision (what proportion of documents found are relevant). Issues in CLIR are how to translate query terms into index terms, how to eliminate alternative translations (e.g. to decide that French 'traitement' in a query means 'treatment' and not 'salary'), and how to rank or weight translation alternatives that are retained (e.g. how to order the French terms 'aventure', 'business', 'affaire', and 'liaison' as relevant translations of English 'affair'). Grefenstette provides a lucid and useful overview of the field and the problems. The volume brings together a number of experiments and projects in CLIR. Mark Davies (New Mexico State University) describes Recuerdo, a Spanish retrieval engine which reduces translation ambiguities by scanning indexes for parallel texts; it also uses either a bilingual dictionary or direct equivalents from a parallel corpus in order to compare results for queries on parallel texts. Lisa Ballesteros and Bruce Croft (University of Massachusetts) use a 'local feedback' technique which automatically enhances a query by adding extra terms to it both before and after translation; such terms can be derived from documents known to be relevant to the query.

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Footnote

Rez. in: BuB 55(2003) H.4, S.264-265 (H.-D. Kübler): "Noch ist die "Informationsgesellschaft", nicht hinlänglich etabliert, erst recht nicht weltweit, noch streiten sich viele um ihre validen Charakteristika und registrierbaren Indikatoren, noch dürften viele Zeitgenossen mit dem Begriff und vor allem mit seinen konkreten Realia wenig anfangen und in ihrem Bewusstein zumal angesichts vieler vorderhand drängenderen Probleme des Alltags verankert habenda fragt die rührige Bertelsmann Stiftung in diesem (ansprechend gestalteten) Sammelband (schon in zweiter Auflage) internationale Experten danach, was ihres Erachtens oder nach ihrer Fantasie danach kommen wird: die Wissensgesellschaft, die selbstorganisierende Gesellschaft, die Hightouch- (statt Hightech)Society oder einfach mannigfaltige, immer weniger prognostizierbare Formationen und Zukünfte. Denn mindestens in zwei Pole lassen sich die elf, wohl willkürlich gewählten Autoren aus diversen Disziplinen - darunter auch notorische Propheten wie der umtriebige (Seite 46) Trendscout Matthias Horx, der Essener Medienguru Norbert Bolz und der Computer-Visionär John Naisbitt- aufteilen. - Durchwurstelei statt Nachhaltigkeit - Da sind zunächst die einen, die meinen, und just in diesen Aufsätzen meist mit vielen, sich auch widersprechenden Worten begründen, dass und warum Zukunftsprognosen, die über simple und damit irreführende Extrapolationen der Gegenwart hinausreichen wollen, kaum mehr oder gar immer weniger möglich sind. So fragt sich der Kommunikationswissenschaftler Holger Rust zunächst, in welcher Gesellschaft wir leben, zumal für ihn nicht einmal eindeutig ist, wann die Informationsgesellschaft beginnt: War's mit dem Buchdruck oder 1901 mit der Erfindung des Telegrafen oder 1956 mit der Gründung des Shockley Semiconductor Laboratory oder erst mit dem World Wide Web? Genüsslich verweist er auf die kürzlich (2000) erschienene Recherche (»In welcher Gesellschaft leben wir?«) des Münchner Journalisten Achim Pongs, der allein schon für die Bundesrepublik 24 einschlägige Etiketten ausmachte, und schlägt unter den Vorzeichen des wachsenden Naming die sperrige, aber wohl alle ironisch einvernehmende Kompromissformel »informationstechnologiebasierte Wissensdienstleistergesellschaft mit industriellem Kern« (Seite 66) vor. Da fehlt wohl nichts mehr von den wohlfeilen Attributen. Zuvor schon plädieren Eckhard Minx, Leiter der Forschungsgruppe »Gesellschaft und Technik« bei DaimlerChrysler, und seine Mitarbeiter mit nüchternem, aber kritischem Gespür dafür, die vielen eher technisch und ökonomisch formierten »Denkblockaden« weg zu räumen und mehr Utopien in »diskursiven Prozessen« zu entwickeln. Denn nur so ließe sich mit der »Zwickmühle« umgehen, in der wir stecken: »Auf der einen Seite wird der Druck, Aussagen über die Zukunft zu treffen, immer größer, auf der anderen Seite sind verlässliche Vorhersagen meist nicht möglich« (Seite 30).

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Footnote

Part II consists of five papers on specific metadata standards and applications. Anita Coleman presents an element-by-element description of how to create Dublin Core metadata for Web resources to be included in a library catalog, using principles inspired by cataloging practice, in her paper "From Cataloging to Metadata: Dublin Core Records for the Library Catalog." The next three papers provide especially excellent introductory overviews of three diverse types of metadata-related standards: "Metadata Standards for Archival Control: An Introduction to EAD and EAC" by Alexander C. Thurman, "Introduction to XML" by Patrick Yott, and "METS: the Metadata Encoding and Transmission Standard" by Linda Cantara. Finally, Michael Chopey offers a superb and most useful overview of "Planning and Implementing a Metadata-Driven Digital Repository." Although all of the articles in this book contain interesting, often illuminating, and potentially useful information, not all serve equally well as introductory material for working catalogers not already familiar with metadata. It would be difficult to consider this volume, taken as a whole, as truly a "primer" for catalog librarians, as the subtitle implies. The content of the articles is too much a mix of introductory essays and original research, some of it at a relatively more advanced level. The collection does not approach the topic in the kind of coherent, systematic, or comprehensive way that would be necessary for a true "primer" or introductory textbook. While several of the papers would be quite appropriate for a primer, such a text would need to include, among other things, coverage of other metadata schemes and protocols such as TEI, VRA, and OAI, which are missing here. That having been said, however, Dr. Smiraglia's excellent introduction to the volume itself serves as a kind of concise, well-written "mini-primer" for catalogers new to metadata. It succinctly covers definitions of metadata, basic concepts, content designation and markup languages, metadata for resource description, including short overviews of TEI, DC, EAD, and AACR2/MARC21, and introduces the papers included in the book. In the conclusion to this essay, Dr. Smiraglia says about the book: "In the end the contents go beyond the definition of primer as `introductory textbook.' But the authors have collectively compiled a thought-provoking volume about the uses of metadata" (p. 15). This is a fair assessment of the work taken as a whole. In this reviewer's opinion, there is to date no single introductory textbook on metadata that is fully satisfactory for both working catalogers and for library and information science (LIS) students who may or may not have had exposure to cataloging. But there are a handful of excellent books that serve different aspects of that function. These include the following recent publications:

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Benavides, C., Aláiz, H., Alfonso, J., Alonso, Á.: An ontology for control engineering; Ferreira de Oliveira, M.F., Schiessl, M.: Estimate of the distance between areas of an organization using the concept of interlinguistic distance; Lara, M.G.L. de.: Ciencias del lenguaje, terminología y ciencia de la información: relaciones interdisciplinarias y transdisciplinariedad; Moreiro González, J.A.: Evolución paralela de los lenguajes documentales y la terminología; Triska, R.: Artificial intelligence, classification theory and the uncertainty reduction process; Casari Boccato, V.R., Spotti Lopes Fujita, M.: Aproximación cualitativa-cognitiva como método de evaluación de lenguajes documentales: una técnica de protocolo verbal; De Brito Neves, D.A., De Albuquerque, M.E.B.C.: Biblioteca digital un convergencia multidisciplinar; Miranda, A., Simeão, E.: Aspectos interdisciplinarios y tecnológicos de la autoría colectiva e individual; San Segundo, R.: Incidencia de aspectos culturales y siciales en la organización del conocimento transdisciplinar; Barber, E., et al.: Los catálogos en línea de acceso público disponibles en entorno web de las bibliotecas universitarias y especializadas en Argentina y Brasil: diagnóstico de situación; Forsman, M.: Diffusion of a new concept: the case of social capital; Pajor, E.: Una aplicación de topic map que puede ser un modelo posible; Moreiro González, J.A., Franco Álvarez, G., Garcia Martul, D.: Un vocabulario controlado para una hemerotecá: posibilidades y características de los topicsets; Cavalcanti de Miranda, M.L.: Organización y representación del conocimiento: fundamentos teóricos y metológicos para la recuperación de la información en entornos virtuales; Moacir Francelin, M.: Espacios de significación y representación del conocimiento: un análisis sobre teorias y métodos de organización de conceptos en ciencia de la información; Spiteri, L.: The structure and form of folksonomy tags: the road to the public library catalogue;

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EPISTEMOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF KNOWLEDGE ORGANIZATION H. Peter Ohly. Knowledge Organization Pro and Retrospective. Judith Simon. Knowledge and Trust in Epistemology and Social Software/Knowledge Technologies. - D. Grant Campbell. Derrida, Logocentrism, and the Concept of Warrant on the Semantic Web. - Jian Qin. Controlled Semantics Versus Social Semantics: An Epistemological Analysis. - Hope A. Olson. Wind and Rain and Dark of Night: Classification in Scientific Discourse Communities. - Thomas M. Dousa. Empirical Observation, Rational Structures, and Pragmatist Aims: Epistemology and Method in Julius Otto Kaiser's Theory of Systematic Indexing. - Richard P. Smiraglia. Noesis: Perception and Every Day Classification. Birger Hjorland. Deliberate Bias in Knowledge Organization? Joseph T. Tennis and Elin K. Jacob. Toward a Theory of Structure in Information Organization Frameworks. - Jack Andersen. Knowledge Organization as a Cultural Form: From Knowledge Organization to Knowledge Design. - Hur-Li Lee. Origins of the Main Classes in the First Chinese Bibliographie Classification. NON-TEXTUAL MATERIALS Abby Goodrum, Ellen Hibbard, Deborah Fels and Kathryn Woodcock. The Creation of Keysigns American Sign Language Metadata. - Ulrika Kjellman. Visual Knowledge Organization: Towards an International Standard or a Local Institutional Practice?

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Date

23. 3.2008 19:10:22

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Footnote

Rez. in: KO 31(2004) no.4, S.255-257: (P. Riva): "Cataloguing standardization at the international level can be viewed as proceeding in a series of milestone conferences. This meeting, the first in a series which will cover different regions of the world, will take its place in that progression. The first IFLA Meeting of Experts an an International Cataloguing Code (IME ICC), held July 28-30, 2003 at Die Deutsche Bibliothek in Frankfurt, gathered representatives of almost all European countries as well as three of the four AACR author countries. As explained in the introduction by Barbara Tillett, chair of the IME ICC planning committee, the plan is for five meetings in total. Subsequent meetings are to take place in Buenos Aires, Argentina (held August 17-18, 2004) for Latin America and the Carribean, to be followed by Alexandria, Egypt (2005) for the Middle East, Seoul, South Korea (2006) for Asia, and Durban, South Africa (2007) for Africa. The impetus for planning these meetings was triggered by the 40th anniversary of the Paris Principles, approved at the International Conference an Cataloguing Principles held in 1961. Many will welcome the timely publication of the reports and papers from this important conference in book form. The original conference website (details given an p. 176) which includes most of the same material, is still extant, but the reports and papers gathered into this volume will be referred to by cataloguing rule makers long after the web as we know it has transformed itself into a new (and quite possibly not backwards compatible) environment.