Document (#28502)

Author

Lüttcher, B.
Zendel, O.

Title

¬Eine kurze Geschichte Freier Software : Interview mit Oliver Zendel

Source

¬Die Google-Gesellschaft: Vom digitalen Wandel des Wissens. Hrsg.: K. Lehmann, M. Schetsche

Imprint

Transcript-Verlag : Bielefeld

Year

2005

Pages

S.151-156

Abstract

Ihren Anfang nahm die Entwicklung Freier Software im Jahr 1984: Damals wurde das GNU-Projekt von Richard Stallman ins Leben gerufen. Sein Ziel war es, ein zu UNIX kompatibles, jedoch nicht identisches freies Betriebssystem zu schaffen. Darauf weist der Name GNU, entstanden aus dem rekursiven Akronym »GNU is not Unix«, bereits hin. Die ebenfalls von ihm gegründete Free Software Foundation (FSF) beschäftigte sich zunächst vornehmlich mit den rechtlichen und organisatorischen Aspekten des GNU-Projektes, wurde aber rasch zur Vertretungsinstanz für Freie Software im Allgemeinen. Somit kann die FSF durchaus als erste und bis heute wichtigste Nichtregierungsorganisation zu diesem Thema gesehen werden. So wurde unter anderem dort die GNU General Public License (GPL) entwickelt, die bis heute die am häufigsten benutzte freie Lizenz ist. Der anfänglich von Linus Torvald entwickelte freie Betriebssystemkern Linux und die unter Stallmanns Regie entwickelten GNU-Tools bilden zusammen GNU/Linux, das heute erfolgreichste Freie-Software-Sys tem weltweit. Es sei jedoch ausdrücklich darauf hingewiesen, dass Linux zwar Freie Software ist, es sich bei Freier Software jedoch nicht zwangsläufig um Linux handelt. Erwähnt sei hier das an der Berkeley Universität (San Francisco) entwickelte BSD, das eine freie Alternative zum GNU/Linux-Betriebssystem darstellt.

Field

Kommunikationswissenschaften

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