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Boynton, J.: Identifying systematic reviews in MEDLINE : developing an objective approach to search strategy design (1998)
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- Abstract
- Systematic reviews are becoming increasingly important for health care professionals seeking to provide evidence based health care. In the past, systematic reviews have been difficult to identify among the mass of literature labelled 'reviews'. Reports results of a study to design search strategies based on a more objective approach to strategy construction. MEDLINE was chosen as the database and word frequencies in the titles, abstracts and subject keywords of a collection of systematic reviews of the effective health care interventions were analyzed to derive a highly sensitive search strategy. 'Sensitivity' was used in preference to the usual term 'recall' as one of the measures (in addition to the usual 'precision'). The proposed strategy was found to offer 98% sensitivity in retrieving systematic reviews, while retaining a low but acceptable level of precision (20%). Reports results using other strategies with other levels of sensitivity and precision. Concludes that it is possible to use frequency analysis to generate highly sensitive strategies when retrieving systematic reviews
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Makulowich, J.S.: 10 tips on managing your Internet searching (1995)
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- Abstract
- Offers 10 tips for finding information on the Internet. Define the area and level of expertise. Require end users to complete a request form defining the query. Categorize the Internat in lay terms for casual users. Establich a realistic time for retrieving results. Adopt a disciplined, systematic approach to the search. Understand the operating platform and the major tools available. Maintain a file of important services and addresses and users. Develop bookmarks and home pages. Learn shortcuts. Participate in the Internet Hunt (a monthly series of questions that allows searchers to practice and perfect search skills)
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McCrank, L.J.: Reference expertise : paradigms, strategies, and systems (1993)
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- Abstract
- Past trends in reference instruction, query analysis and proloferation of reference tools classed by primary functions into a general typology anticipated the use of paradigm logic, templates, search strategies, and systematic searching in applied Artificial Intelligence research and design of expert system, especially referral and decision-support systems. The approach, methodologies, and technique employed in basic reference and subject-area reference instruction in four graduate library schools, developed first at the University of Maryland after 1976, are reviewed. The advantages and limitations of the latter are discussed to suggest the interplay of personal service, manual tools, and computerized systems for holistic reference programs. Librarians' transition to the automated tools using AI methods might be improved by introducing paradigms, typologies, strategies, and a systems approach in reference instruction for professionals and more generally in bibliographic instruction
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Ennis, M.; Sutcliffe, A.G.; Watkinson, S.J.: Towards a predictive model of information seeking : empirical studies of end-user-searching (1999)
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- Abstract
- Previous empirical studies of searcher behaviour have drawn attention to a wide variety of factors that affect performance; for instance, the display of retrieved results can alter search strategies (Allen 1991, 1994), the information need type influences search behaviour, (Elkerton et al 1984, Marchionini 1995); while the task complexity, reflected in the information need can affect user's search behaviour (Large et al 1994). Furthermore, information source selection (Bassilli 1977), and the user's model of the system and domain impact on the search process (Michel 1994); while motivation (Solomon 1993, Jacobsen et al 1992) and the importance of the information need (Wendt 1969) also influence search duration and the effort a user will employ. Rouse and Rouse (1984) in a review of empirical studies, summarise a wide variety of variables that can effect searching behaviour, including payoff, costs of searching, resource available, amount of information sought, characteristics of the data and conflicts between documents. It appears that user behaviour is inconsistent in the search strategies adopted even for the same search need and system (Davidson 1977, Iivonen 1995). Theories of searcher behaviour have been proposed that provide explanations of aspects of end-user behaviour, such as the evolution of the user's information need and the problems of articulating a query, [Bates (1979, 1989), Markey and Atherton 1978], effective search strategies in browsing and goal directed searches [Marchionini 1995, Belkin (1987, 1993)], the linguistic problem of matching search terms with indexing terms or content of target documents through an expert intermediary (Ingwersen 1982) or cognitive aspects of IR (Kulthau 1984, Ingwersen 1996).
- Date
- 22. 3.2002 9:54:13
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Pejtersen, A.M.: ¬A new approach to design of document retrieval and indexing systems for OPAC users (1993)
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- Abstract
- This paper describes a new OPAC system called The Book House and discusses its relevance as a solution to current OPAC developments. The Book House is an interactive, multimedia, online public access catalogue system designed to support casual and/or novice end-users in information retrieval. It runs on a Macintosh and is available on CD-ROM and disks in English and Danish (it can be purchased from Risø for $100). It comprises an interface and module for classifying and indexing fact and fiction books in the database called Book House Write. It uses icons, text and animation in the display interface in order to enhance the utility of the system for the general public. Both words and pictures can be used for searching, which makes the system suitable for all age groups. It plays on users' previous experiencees with computer games to support learning by doing something in an enjoyable way. A prerequisite for the design of The Book House was a new approach to cognitive analysis of retrieval in libraries. Based on the success of this approach, it is claimed that OPAC systems will only be really useful and widespread (1) when their domain and task characteristics allow supplementary information to be added to existing descriptions of book content in online card catalogues in order to match end-users' intentions and needs, and (2) when the user interface and routes to the databases are configured as an integrated and uniform set of displays which match the search strategies of users, as well as their mental capabilities and limitations
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Iivonen, M.; Sonnenwald, D.H.: From translation to navigation of different discourses : a model of search term selection during the pre-online stage of the search process (1998)
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- Abstract
- Proposes a model of the search term selection process based on an empirical study of professional searchers during the pre-online stage of the search process. The model chraracterises the selection of search terms as the navigation of different discourses. 6 discourses emerged as sources of search terms: controlled vocabularies, documents and the domain, the practice of indexing, clients' search request, databases and the searchers' own search experience. Searchers navigate the discourses dynamically and have preferences for certain discourses. Emphasises the multiplicity and complexity of sources of search terms, the dynamic nature of the search term selection process and the complex analysis and synthesis of differences and similarities among sources of search terms. Searchers may need to understand fundamental aspects of multiple discourses in order to select search terms
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Hsieh-Yee, I.: Search tactics of Web users in searching for texts, graphics, known items and subjects : a search simulation study (1998)
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- Date
- 25.12.1998 19:22:31
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Limberg, L.: Three conceptions of information seeking and use (1999)
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- Date
- 22. 3.2002 9:53:10
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Byström, K.: Information seekers in context : an analysis of the 'doer' in INSU studies (1999)
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- Date
- 22. 3.2002 9:55:52
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Toms, E.G.: What motivates the browser? (1999)
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- Date
- 22. 3.2002 9:44:47
