Search (56 results, page 1 of 3)

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Abstract

The research described in this article extends work done on human behavior in naming concepts and objects by adapting a methodology developed at Bell Labs and applying it to a library indexing language, the Library of Congress Subject Headings. The study investigated the representation of users' knowledge (names of objects and concepts), database representation for similar objects and concepts, and degree of agreement among users and between users and information systems. Three user groups give names to 40 stumuli. Names generated were compared with each other and with LCSH. Degree of agreement was calculated using similarity measures. The analyses identified patterns of agreement and variability in naming. There was little agreement in the names people use and the names recommended for use by LC, implying that retrieval systems should do more to accomodate common naming behavior

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Abstract

Recreational reading among young people is reportedly on the decline in the United States. Some researchers have suggested that supporting children's strategies for book selection is crucial to encouraging children to engage with books, indicating that improving these strategies might increase the amount of reading they do. In response, this study explores how elementary-school children select books for recreational reading using a digital library. The work extends traditional models of relevance assessment with reader-response theory, employing the concept of aesthetic relevance: the potential of a document to provide a suitable reading experience. Individuals define aesthetic relevance in personal terms and apply it as they assess documents, much as they do in traditional relevance assessment. This study identified a total of 46 factors organized along seven dimensions that influence children's assessment of the aesthetic relevance of books during selection. The analysis yielded differences in the prevalence of the aesthetic-relevance factors that children mention at various stages of book selection. In addition, the children exhibited differences by age and subtle differences by gender in the frequency of mention of various aesthetic-relevance factors. Recommendations drawn from the findings are offered to improve systems design and literacy education in order to enhance children's access to books and to promote recreational reading.

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Abstract

It is common to distinguish sharply between leisure reading undertaken purely for pleasure and utilitarian reading that satisfies what Peter Mann (1969, 53-61) has called `extrinsic' interests: reference materials for work and home such as medical books, cook books and repair manuals. We might suppose that information-seeking is concerned only with utilitarian reading. However, once we adopt a definition of information as something that fills in a gap in understanding or makes a difference to an individual's cognitive structure or helps people with their lives, it follows that we cannot deduce uses simply by looking at the texts themselves. Since meanings are constructed by readers, we must ask the readers about the uses they make of texts in the context of their lives. Findings from a research project focussed on 194 readers who read for pleasure indicate that for a broad understanding of the information behaviour of ordinary people, we need to think beyond reference books to include extended narrative forms, particularly biography, history, and fiction. People who are avid readers for pleasure report that during the course of wide reading they serendipitously encounter information that helps them in their lives

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Abstract

Presents a pilot study for an Internordic project to monitor the use of online catalogues in the Nordic technological university libraries. Focuses on the use of classification in subject searching, how the UDC is used and the extent of its use. Studies user interaction with the OPACs and improvements to information retrieval in the catalogues using the transaction log method to gather data. The pilot study examnines the TENTTU Books database which is the online union catalogue of the Helsinki Univ. of Technology Library, a multilingual database with true information retrieval. The Internordic study itself will make comparisons between the TENTTU system and the new Virginia Tech Library System. Discusses the users monitored, method of analysis, subject searching in the database, results and how the UDC codes were used. Compares this to other studies conducted in Finland and evaluates the project

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Abstract

Reports the findings of an experiment simulating use of a university OPAC by academic library users. Examines how effective are online searches by university library users employing surname plus first title word, or last title word, or first and last title words in producing miniature catalogues of i screen. The searches were known item searches for books

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Date

22. 1.2000 17:52:11

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Source

Library and information science research. 22(2000) no.4, S.371-382

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Abstract

Identifies and characterizes the knowledge used by experienced librarians while searching for subject information in online catalogues. 10 experienced librarians performed the same set of 6 subject searches in an online catalogue. Investigates the knowledge used to solve retrieval problems. This knowledge presents expertise in the use of the catalogue. Data were collected through the use of think aloud protocols, transaction logs and structured interviews. Knowledge was defined as knowledge objects (factual knowledge), knowledge of events (experimental knowlegde), knowledge of performance (process knowledge), and metaknowledge. Metaknowledge is the sense of whole derived from the integration of factual, process, and experimental knowledge about the search and the conditions under which it is performed. Focuses on metaknowledge. For evidence of metaknowledge the data were examined for explanations that participants gave for their actions and observations, and for ways that participants evaluated their own progress during the process of searching. Reasons and explanations given by searchers were related to all phases of the library information retrieval process from the user's receipt of material to policies for collection development, and not just events directly related to the performance of a particular search task

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Abstract

Representation and retrieval obstacles within a digital library designed for use by middle school children are presented. Representation of objects is key to retrieval. Tools used to create representations for children's resources, such as controlled vocabularies, need to be more age appropriate. Development of age-appropriate controlled vocabularies requires us to learn more about the ways children interact with systems and form search strategies to represent their information needs. Children's search terms and questions are a rich resource for learning more about their information seeking process, their question state, and their formulation of searches. A method for gathering and using children's own search terms and the benefits of their utilization in developing more age-appropriate controlled vocabularies are discussed.

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Abstract

The project explored the ways in which the online catalogue contributes, or does not contribute to the success of library users. Key issues examined included: whether students are really getting appropriate assistance when using the online catalogue; the most common searching successes and failures observed for people using the online catalogue without staff assistance; and the effectiveness of online catalogue use by librarians providing reference assistance compared to other sources (reference books, electronic and printed indexes). Reviews relevant studies of online catalogues and reference success and describes the methodology and results of 3 different online catalogue studies: the Reference Assessment Survey; the online catalogue study of unassisted users; and the document availability study; all conducted at San José State University Library; California, using the Reference Transaction Assessment Instrument. Considers the implications of the results for reference practice and study methodology

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Abstract

Explores the influence of several search task characteristics of children's success in finding science materials on an automated library catalogue, the Science Library Catalgo. Children performed 8 search tasks that varied in terms of science and technology topics and complexity levels. Considers children's domain knowlegde levels and gender. The complexity of the search task and the level of children's science domain knowledge affect their success in identifying books on assigned science topics. Discusses implications for end user training

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Abstract

The Guidelines are a toolbox for libraries to answer for their performance indicators which are described in detail aimed at improving the effectivity of the library: do the opening hours meet the demand of users? To what extent do users find the books they are looking for? In how far do the services of the library fulfil the expectations of the users? The answers to these questions will show to what extent the library fulfils its mission and reaches its goals. Perticularly in times of financial restraint it is necessary for libraries to demonstrate their effectiveness to themselves and the governing bodies

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Abstract

Investigates what effect the shelf classification of fiction had on the way that library users in the 2 branch libraries of Kajanni, Finland, use the library's stock of fiction and how they loan fiction. In 1 library the fiction stock was divided in 11 shelf categories, based on genres of fiction - in the other no changes were made. The books were also indexed and classified in the library's database. The project lasted for 3 years and the results were gathered by interviewing clients and making statistical analysis on loans in both libraries

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Abstract

Reports results of a user survey, conducted at Reading University, UK, to find out the kind of service their users want, in particular, regarding opening hours. Results indicated that there was a clear consensus on some issues: in particular, more rapid reshelving of books; but preferred opening hours varied between different groups. In this respect the survey was regarded as being only partially successful as it did not point to a clear course of action which would satisfy the needs of all library users. However, useful data was collected and the availability of the Libra software for a further 5 years means that further surveys may be undertaken

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Abstract

The purpose of this study is to obtain information which would help planners of the online catalog design a catalog which would be relevant to the needs of university faculty. Data was obtained by means of a questionnaire mailed to the faculty, College of Humanities, University of Utah. It was found that (1) references in books or articles they read; (2) the Subject Catalog; and (3) printed indexes, bibliographies and research guides in that order were the three most utilized information sources. Browsing was an important fourth. The faculty would like more in-depth coverage of the local library collection rather than access to other library catalogs or online databases from the catalog terminal. Feedback and comments in response to an open-ended question varied.

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Date

9. 2.2008 17:52:22

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Abstract

Reports on a study conducted at Indiana University in the summer of 1993 which observed 10 advanced graduate students in language and literature studies as they conducted literature searches using databases on CD-ROM. Presents a brief review of related literature on relevance judgements, human-computer interaction (HCI) and information seeking behaviour of humanities students. The search strategies of the graduate students under study were found to be typical of humanities scholars, who create large sets and review records quickly to select relevant items. Factors influencing relevance assessments included language, source of publication, author, and length of work. Participants especially appreciated electronic access to the Modern Language Association (MLA) International Bibliography but encountered problems with the controlled vocabulary and analytic entries for books and proceedings. The study has identified problems with database content, presentation and search interfaces which should be considered by system designers