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  • × author_ss:"Solomon, P."
  1. Solomon, P.: Exploring structuration in knowledge organization : implications for managing the tension between stability and dynamism (2000) 0.03 
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    Abstract
    This paper builds on numerous suggestions of the need for a theoretical basis for knowledge organization from the point of view of interest, concern, or problem (e.g., domain, ecology, use environment, or language game). This is accomplished by first developing a possible theoretical understanding of why knowledge organization schemes tend toward stability through structuration and autopoiesis. In understanding this tendency, the possibility of promoting (desirable) change is also considered through activity. Second, the paper considers the requirements for the contextualization provided by such mappings. Finally, the case of the Internet is briefly explored. All of this provides a recipe a theory for practice 'stew,' which would highlight the possibility that just as structures (e.g., classification schemes) enable actions (e.g., information retrieval, knowledge transfer), actions enable structures. For this theoretical stew to influence practice, rules and resources-the structures of a knowledge organization scheme or system-must both support self-reflection and needs for consistency and adaptability. The virtuality of the developing electronic information world suggests the possibility of both coexisting through, for instance, mappings or crosswalks
  2. Solomon, P.: On the use of research categorizations as the basis for organizing knowledge : a test in the domain of information behavior in health care (1998) 0.02 
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    Abstract
    This study considers the possibility of utilizing the categories employed by researchers within a subject domain as one approach for mapping the knowledge organization of that domain. The idea is tested using a sample of research reports dealing with the information behavior of people (e.g., physician, nurses, and patients) in the health care domain. It was relatively easy to identify category systems within the sample of texts. Consideration of the configuration of category systems employed across the analyzed texts shows a pattern of broad consistency. Many of the research reports employed some version of a diagnosis, treatment, and referral category system related to the information behavior of physicians, though there were many variations on this general category breakout. There were also many uses of alternative category systems (e.g., specialty area, information types, and dilemmas) that suggest the applicability and use of alternative views of the situations being studied. The key challenges for the future appear to be the specification of relations among category systems of different research reports and visualization of the identified rich relationships including the evolution of category systems over time
  3. Solomon, P.: Conversation in information seeking contexts : a test of an analytical framework (1997) 0.02 
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    Abstract
    Develops an analytical framework to support the analysis of conversation in information seeking contexts. It brings together linguistic and sociolinguistic issues which serve as viewpoints for rxploring how information seeking conversations differ from casual conversations and conversations in restricted conversational domains (e.g. teacher-student, and physician-patient). A sample of 9 conversations from 2 information seeking contexts (i.e. school library media centre, and public library) is used to test the utility of the framework and explore possible characteristics of information seeking conversations. The findings support the utility of the framework for various purposes including: training of information specialists, feedback on their performance, design of human computer dialogues, eliciting of decision making processes during information seeking, and support for natural language processing
  4. Hara, N.; Solomon, P.; Kim, S.-L.; Sonnenwald, D.H.: ¬An emerging view of scientific collaboration : scientists' perspectives on collaboration and factors that impact collaboration (2003) 0.02 
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    Abstract
    Collaboration is often a critical aspect of scientific research, which is dominated by complex problems, rapidly changing technology, dynamic growth of knowledge, and highly specialized areas of expertise. An individual scientist can seldom provide all of the expertise and resources necessary to address complex research problems. This paper describes collaboration among a group of scientists, and considers how their experiences are socially shaped. The scientists were members of a newly formed distributed, multi-disciplinary academic research center that was organized into four multi-disciplinary research groups. Each group had 14 to 34 members, including faculty, postdoctoral fellows and students, at four geographically dispersed universities. To investigate challenges that emerge in establishing scientific collaboration, data were collected about members' previous and current collaborative experiences, perceptions regarding collaboration, and work practices during the center's first year of operation. The data for the study includes interviews with members of the Center, observations of videoconferences and meetings, and a Center-wide sociometric survey. Data analysis has led to the development of a framework that identifies forms of collaboration that emerged among scientists (e.g., complementary and integrative collaboration) and associated factors, which influenced collaboration including personal compatibility, work connections, incentives, and infrastructure. These results may inform the specification of social and organizational practices, which are needed to establish collaboration in distributed, multi-disciplinary research centers.
  5. Solomon, P.: Information mosaics : patterns of action that structure (1999) 0.01 
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    Date
    22. 3.2002 9:51:12

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