-
Eden, B.L.: Metadata and librarianship : will MARC survive? (2004)
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- Abstract
- Metadata schema and standards are now a part of the information landscape. Librarianship has slowly realized that MARC is only one of a proliferation of metadata standards, and that MARC has many pros and cons related to its age, original conception, and biases. Should librarianship continue to promote the MARC standard? Are there better metadata standards out there that are more robust, user-friendly, and dynamic in the organization and presentation of information? This special issue examines current initiatives that are actively incorporating MARC standards and concepts into new metadata schemata, while also predicting a future where MARC may not be the metadata schema of choice for the organization and description of information.
- Source
- Library hi tech. 22(2004) no.1, S.6-7
-
Taylor, P.: Perception and change in records management : rethinking the fundamentals (1997)
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- Abstract
- Identifies some of the fundamental issues for the future records management, and assesses their relevance for the future. Considers traditional records management and suggests a new record keeping approach which impacts directly upon the organization by ensuring records are properly created according to the organization's needs. Stresses the importance of making better use of new technologies. Important issues are: the myth of the information manager, implementation of records management standards, replacing the life cycle approach with one of a records continuum, new relationships between the archival and records management community, and development of competency based standards
- Date
- 24. 1.1999 12:22:46
-
Kester, D.D.; Jones, P.A.: Frances Henne and the development of school library standards (2004)
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- Abstract
- Frances Henne (1906-85) was the leader in the development of school library standards during her career as a teacher, librarian, and library educator. She was the driving force behind the publication of the 1945, 1960, and 1969 national standards for school libraries. Her imprint is evident in the research and philosophical foundations for the 1975, 1988, and 1998 national standards.
- Date
- 15. 2.2007 19:00:22
- Footnote
- Beitrag in einem Themenheft: Pioneers in library and information science
-
Gopinath, M.A.: Standardization for resource sharing databases (1995)
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- Abstract
- It is helpful and essential to adopt standards for bibliographic information, project description and institutional information which are shareable for access to information resources within a country. Describes a strategy for adopting international standards of bibliographic information exchange for developing a resource sharing facilitation database in India. A list of 22 ISO standards for information processing is included
- Source
- Library science with a slant to documentation and information studies. 32(1995) no.3, S.i-iv
-
Devaul, H.; Diekema, A.R.; Ostwald, J.: Computer-assisted assignment of educational standards using natural language processing (2011)
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- Abstract
- Educational standards are a central focus of the current educational system in the United States, underpinning educational practice, curriculum design, teacher professional development, and high-stakes testing and assessment. Digital library users have requested that this information be accessible in association with digital learning resources to support teaching and learning as well as accountability requirements. Providing this information is complex because of the variability and number of standards documents in use at the national, state, and local level. This article describes a cataloging tool that aids catalogers in the assignment of standards metadata to digital library resources, using natural language processing techniques. The research explores whether the standards suggestor service would suggest the same standards as a human, whether relevant standards are ranked appropriately in the result set, and whether the relevance of the suggested assignments improve when, in addition to resource content, metadata is included in the query to the cataloging tool. The article also discusses how this service might streamline the cataloging workflow.
- Date
- 22. 1.2011 14:25:32
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 62(2011) no.2, S.395-405
-
Hearn, S.: Bibliographic control in the electronic age (1996)
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- Abstract
- Librarians responsible for organizing access to library collections have an obligation to plan for the future. Developments in the world of information which will inevitably have an impact on how they do their jobs include new forms of media, new cataloguing tools and standards, and new methods of creating, acquiring, and searching for data. Equally if not more important, new models are needed for the range of services which bibliographic control units are working to provide, and for the roles which these units will play in the larger organization
- Source
- Journal of library administration. 22(1996) nos.2/3, S.123-132
-
Eito-Brun, R.: Ontologies and the exchange of technical information : building a knowledge repository based on ECSS standards (2014)
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- Abstract
- The development of complex projects in the aerospace industry is based on the collaboration of geographically distributed teams and companies. In this context, the need of sharing different types of data and information is a key factor to assure the successful execution of the projects. In the case of European projects, the ECSS standards provide a normative framework that specifies, among other requirements, the different document types, information items and artifacts that need to be generated. The specification of the characteristics of these information items are usually incorporated as annex to the different ECSS standards, and they provide the intended purpose, scope, and structure of the documents and information items. In these standards, documents or deliverables should not be considered as independent items, but as the results of packaging different information artifacts for their delivery between the involved parties. Successful information integration and knowledge exchange cannot be based exclusively on the conceptual definition of information types. It also requires the definition of methods and techniques for serializing and exchanging these documents and artifacts. This area is not covered by ECSS standards, and the definition of these data schemas would improve the opportunity for improving collaboration processes among companies. This paper describes the development of an OWL-based ontology to manage the different artifacts and information items requested in the European Space Agency (ESA) ECSS standards for SW development. The ECSS set of standards is the main reference in aerospace projects in Europe, and in addition to engineering and managerial requirements they provide a set of DRD (Document Requirements Documents) with the structure of the different documents and records necessary to manage projects and describe intermediate information products and final deliverables. Information integration is a must-have in aerospace projects, where different players need to collaborate and share data during the life cycle of the products about requirements, design elements, problems, etc. The proposed ontology provides the basis for building advanced information systems where the information coming from different companies and institutions can be integrated into a coherent set of related data. It also provides a conceptual framework to enable the development of interfaces and gateways between the different tools and information systems used by the different players in aerospace projects.
- Series
- Advances in knowledge organization; vol. 14
- Source
- Knowledge organization in the 21st century: between historical patterns and future prospects. Proceedings of the Thirteenth International ISKO Conference 19-22 May 2014, Kraków, Poland. Ed.: Wieslaw Babik
-
Welsch, L.A.: Multimedia and hypermedia : model and framework (1993)
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- Abstract
- Compilation of overhead sheets of papers given at the workshop. Describes standards for multimedia and hypermedia
- Footnote
- Part of a special issue featuring papers from the workshop on hypermedia and hypertext standards held in Amsterdam, Netherlands, 22-23 April 1993
- Source
- Information services and use. 13(1993) no.2, S.89-91
-
Dextre Clarke, S.G.: Knowledge organization system standards (2009)
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- Abstract
- This entry presents an overview of the standards for different types of knowledge organization system (KOS). Their development history and the principles within them are described. Standards for thesauri receive most attention, since other types of KOS are less standardized. The arrival of the Internet, enabling simultaneous access to multiple disparate systems and resources, caused a major reorientation of standardization efforts in the last decade, towards interoperability goals. Current initiatives address two main needs: interoperability between KOSs, and data exchange between one vocabulary application and another. The prospects for bringing the standards together are discussed.
- Source
- Encyclopedia of library and information sciences. 3rd ed. Ed.: M.J. Bates
-
Fox, M.J.; Reece, A.: Which ethics? Whose morality? : an analysis of ethical standards for information organization (2012)
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- Abstract
- Ethical standards are required at both the individual and system levels of the information organization enterprise, but are those standards the same? For example, are the ethical responsibilities of DDC's editorial board fundamentally the same as for an individual cataloger? And, what are the consequences of decisions made using different ethical frameworks to the users of knowledge organization systems? A selection of ethical theories suitable for evaluating moral dilemmas at all levels in information organization is presented, including utilitarianism, deontology, and pragmatism, as well as the more contemporary approaches of justice, feminist, and Derridean ethics. Finally, a selection of criteria is outlined, taken from the existing ethical frameworks, to use as a starting point for development of an ethical framework specifically for information organization.
- Content
- Beitrag aus einem Themenheft zu den Proceedings of the 2nd Milwaukee Conference on Ethics in Information Organization, June 15-16, 2012, School of Information Studies, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee. Hope A. Olson, Conference Chair. Vgl.: http://www.ergon-verlag.de/isko_ko/downloads/ko_39_2012_5_j.pdf.
- Source
- Knowledge organization. 39(2012) no.5, S.377-383
-
Beghtol, C.: Professional values and ethics in knowledge organization and cataloguing : observations on standards and implementation (1998)
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- Source
- Journal of information ethics. 17(2008) no.1, S.12-19
-
Thomas, A.R.; Roe, S.K.: ¬An interview with Dr. Amy J. Warner (2004)
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- Abstract
- Amy Warner, Project Leader for NISO's Thesaurus Development Team, discusses her involvement in the revision of Z39.19 Guidelines for the Construction, Format, and Management of Monolingual Thesauri. Keywords: Z39.19 Guidelines for the Construction, Format, and Management of Monolingual Thesauri, thesaurus standards, controlled vocabulary standards, National Information Standards Organization, NISO
-
Milstead, J.L.: Standards for relationships between subject indexing terms (2001)
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- Abstract
- Relationships between the terms in thesauri and Indexes are the subject of national and international standards. The standards for thesauri enumerate and provide criteria for three basic types of relationship: equivalence, hierarchical, and associative. Standards and guidelines for indexes draw an the thesaurus standards to provide less detailed guidance for showing relationships between the terms used in an Index. The international standard for multilingual thesauri adds recommendations for assuring equal treatment of the languages of a thesaurus. The present standards were developed when lookup and search were essentially manual, and the value of the kinds of relationships has never been determined. It is not clear whether users understand or can use the distinctions between kinds of relationships. On the other hand, sophisticated text analysis systems may be able both to assist with development of more powerful term relationship schemes and to use the relationships to improve retrieval.
- Series
- Information science and knowledge management; vol.2
- Source
- Relationships in the organization of knowledge. Eds.: Bean, C.A. u. R. Green
-
Ohly, H.P.: Sociological aspects of knowledge and knowledge organization (2014)
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- Abstract
- Since the middle of the last century knowledge organization, the development of scientific concepts and arrangements, has been seen as a cognitivistic (or rationalistic) problem and thus as universal and logical (cf. Turing 1950). Older approaches accordingly see areas of knowledge as naturally given and organically grown. The knowledge must only be detected and logically arranged. At latest with the constructivism a 'turn' has entered, which sees knowledge organization as a social convention and accordingly regards universal standards skeptical. Simultaneously in the sciences came up a stronger concern with historical, empirical and sociological studies of its foundations and in philosophy of science the return to different kinds of relativizations has gained more importance. With the challenge of self-organizing ordering systems by social software a new crisis comes up for knowledge organization. The future might be a combination of logical descriptions, specialized evaluation, and accompanying user-driven principles. In this paper, several classical sociological positions are discussed, conclusions are drawn for knowledge and information as well as for science and for knowledge organization and objections and prospects are designated.
- Series
- Advances in knowledge organization; vol. 14
- Source
- Knowledge organization in the 21st century: between historical patterns and future prospects. Proceedings of the Thirteenth International ISKO Conference 19-22 May 2014, Kraków, Poland. Ed.: Wieslaw Babik
-
Peek, R.: Web page design standards : Part 1: CCS (Cascading Style Sheets) is the cornerstone of standards to come (1998)
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- Abstract
- The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) has worked well in the rapid establishment of HTML standards but it has been criticized for not assuring compliance and in June 1998 a new organization, the Web Standards Project (WSP) was formed. Membership is free to individuals and at present consists of Web designers and W3C members. Describes the stages in the implementation of standards and focuses on Cascading Style Sheets (CSS). A style sheet is essentially a template that can be used to create a consistent appearance across documents. 'Cascading' means that a single page can use multiple style sheets. Explains how style sheets can replace HTML tags, using the example of fonts, and why CSS is a greater attraction to designers than to Web users. Outlines the current state of the CSS standard and predicts that Web users will be adopting it sooner or later
- Source
- Information today. 15(1998) no.9, S.45-46
-
Slavic, A.: On the nature and typology of documentary classifications and their use in a networked environment (2007)
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- Abstract
- Networked orientated standards for vocabulary publishing and exchange and proposals for terminological services and terminology registries will improve sharing and use of all knowledge organization systems in the networked information environment. This means that documentary classifications may also become more applicable for use outside their original domain of application. The paper summarises some characteristics common to documentary classifications and explains some terminological, functional and implementation aspects. The original purpose behind each classification scheme determines the functions that the vocabulary is designed to facilitate. These functions influence the structure, semantics and syntax, scheme coverage and format in which classification data are published and made available. The author suggests that attention should be paid to the differences between documentary classifications as these may determine their suitability for a certain purpose and may impose different requirements with respect to their use online. As we speak, many classifications are being created for knowledge organization and it may be important to promote expertise from the bibliographic domain with respect to building and using classification systems.
- Date
- 22.12.2007 17:22:31
-
Chiaravalloti, M.T.; Pasceri, E.; Taverniti, M.: URT "Indexing and Classification Systems" Projects and biomedical knowledge standards (2012)
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- Abstract
- This paper presents an overview of the activities of the "Unità di Ricerca presso Terzi" (URT) - "Indexing and classification systems" of the National Research Council (CNR), which deals with research in organization and document management systems, indexing, classification, knowledge, and content management. Particular attention will be focused on the project of the Electronic Health Record Technological Infrastructure (InFSE), in which the URT works on the definition of ontological models, and vocabularies supporting EHR with the aim to build an updated Italian version of a unified medical reporting language. Although current Italian legislation makes mandatory the use of internationally recognized classification systems to help interoperability and exchange of information, the current structure of those systems does not allow their full use in the Italian context. For all these reasons, it is necessary to make some adaptations in the International Classification of Disease 9th Revision terminology, used for diagnosis encoding, and in the Logical Observation Names and Codes, used for encoding laboratory observations.
- Date
- 22. 1.2012 12:55:24
- Source
- Knowledge organization. 39(2012) no.1, S.3-12
-
Meera, B.M.: ISO 9000 guidelines for implementation to library and information systems : a compatibility study (1998)
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- Abstract
- Explains the significance of the ISO 9000 quality assurance systems standards, particularly for companies wishing to obtain access to and maintain credibility in world trade markets. Describes the objectives of ISO certification and the composition of the standards, focusing on their role in the service sector with special reference to library and information services. Provides detailed guidelines for implementing 20 clauses of ISO 9000 for LIS, and discusses the advantages
- Date
- 9. 7.1999 19:58:22
- Source
- Information studies. 4(1998) no.3, 165-188
-
Gardner, T.; Iannella, R.: Architecture and software solutions (2000)
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- Abstract
- The current subject gateways have evolved over time when the discipline of Internet resource discovery was in its infancy. This is reflected by the lack of well-established, light-weight, deployable, easy-to-use, standards for metadata and information retrieval. We provide an introduction to the architecture, standards and software solutions in use by subject gateways, and to the issues that must be addressed to support future subject gateways
- Date
- 22. 6.2002 19:38:24
- Source
- Online information review. 24(2000) no.1, S.35-39
- Theme
- Information Gateway
-
Mishra, K.S.: Bibliographic databases and exchange formats (1997)
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- Abstract
- Computers play an important role in the development of bibliographic databases. Exchange formats are needed for the generation and exchange of bibliographic data at different levels: international, national, regional and local. Discusses the formats available at national and international level such as the International Standard Exchange Format (ISO 2709); the various MARC formats and the Common Communication Format (CCF). Work on Indian standards involving the Bureau of Indian Standards, the National Information System for Science and Technology (NISSAT) and other institutions proceeds only slowly
- Source
- DESIDOC bulletin of information technology. 17(1997) no.5, S.17-22
