Search (184 results, page 2 of 10)

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Abstract

Wikipedia is the largest web-based open encyclopedia covering more than 300 languages. Different language editions of Wikipedia differ significantly in terms of their information coverage. In this article, we compare the information coverage in English Wikipedia (most exhaustive) and Wikipedias in 8 other widely spoken languages, namely Arabic, German, Hindi, Korean, Portuguese, Russian, Spanish, and Turkish. We analyze variations in different language editions of Wikipedia in terms of the number of topics covered as well as the amount of information discussed about different topics. Further, as a step towards bridging the information gap, we present WikiCompare-a browser plugin that allows Wikipedia readers to have a comprehensive overview of topics by incorporating missing information from Wikipedia page in other language.

Source

Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 73(2022) no.3, S.347-361

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Abstract

The role of linguistics in information access, extraction and dissemination is essential. Radical changes in the techniques of information and communication at the end of the twentieth century have had a significant effect on the function of the linguistic paradigm and its applications in all forms of communication. The introduction of new technical means have deeply changed the possibilities for the distribution of information. In this situation, what is the role of the linguistic paradigm and its practical applications, i.e., natural language processing (NLP) techniques when applied to information access? What solutions can linguistics offer in human computer interaction, extraction and management? Many fields show the relevance of the linguistic paradigm through the various technologies that require NLP, such as document and message understanding, information detection, extraction, and retrieval, question and answer, cross-language information retrieval (CLIR), text summarization, filtering, and spoken document retrieval. This paper focuses on the central role of human language technologies in the information society, surveys the current situation, describes the benefits of the above mentioned applications, outlines successes and challenges, and discusses solutions. It reviews the resources and means needed to advance information access and dissemination across language boundaries in the twenty-first century. Multilingualism, which is a natural result of globalization, requires more effort in the direction of language technology. The scope of human language technology (HLT) is large, so we limit our review to applications that involve multilinguality.

Content

Beitrag eines Themenheftes "Knowledge organization and classification in international information retrieval"

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Abstract

We are living in a multilingual world and the diversity in languages which are used to interact with information access systems has generated a wide variety of challenges to be addressed by computer and information scientists. The growing amount of non-English information accessible globally and the increased worldwide exposure of enterprises also necessitates the adaptation of Information Retrieval (IR) methods to new, multilingual settings.Peters, Braschler and Clough present a comprehensive description of the technologies involved in designing and developing systems for Multilingual Information Retrieval (MLIR). They provide readers with broad coverage of the various issues involved in creating systems to make accessible digitally stored materials regardless of the language(s) they are written in. Details on Cross-Language Information Retrieval (CLIR) are also covered that help readers to understand how to develop retrieval systems that cross language boundaries. Their work is divided into six chapters and accompanies the reader step-by-step through the various stages involved in building, using and evaluating MLIR systems. The book concludes with some examples of recent applications that utilise MLIR technologies. Some of the techniques described have recently started to appear in commercial search systems, while others have the potential to be part of future incarnations.The book is intended for graduate students, scholars, and practitioners with a basic understanding of classical text retrieval methods. It offers guidelines and information on all aspects that need to be taken into consideration when building MLIR systems, while avoiding too many 'hands-on details' that could rapidly become obsolete. Thus it bridges the gap between the material covered by most of the classical IR textbooks and the novel requirements related to the acquisition and dissemination of information in whatever language it is stored.

Content

Inhalt: 1 Introduction 2 Within-Language Information Retrieval 3 Cross-Language Information Retrieval 4 Interaction and User Interfaces 5 Evaluation for Multilingual Information Retrieval Systems 6 Applications of Multilingual Information Access

RSWK

Information-Retrieval-System / Mehrsprachigkeit / Abfrage / Zugriff

Subject

Information-Retrieval-System / Mehrsprachigkeit / Abfrage / Zugriff

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Abstract

The quality of stemming algorithms is typically measured in two different ways: (i) how accurately they map the variant forms of a word to the same stem; or (ii) how much improvement they bring to Information Retrieval systems. In this article, we evaluate various stemming algorithms, in four languages, in terms of accuracy and in terms of their aid to Information Retrieval. The aim is to assess whether the most accurate stemmers are also the ones that bring the biggest gain in Information Retrieval. Experiments in English, French, Portuguese, and Spanish show that this is not always the case, as stemmers with higher error rates yield better retrieval quality. As a byproduct, we also identified the most accurate stemmers and the best for Information Retrieval purposes.

Source

Information processing and management. 52(2016) no.5, S.840-854

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Abstract

This study applies Kuhlthau's Information Search Process stage (ISP) model to understand bilingual users' Internet search experience. We conduct a quasi-field experiment with 30 bilingual searchers and the results suggested that the ISP model was applicable in studying searchers' information retrieval behavior in search tasks. The ISP model was applicable in studying searchers' information retrieval behavior in simple tasks. However, searchers' emotional responses differed from those of the ISP model for a complex task. By testing searchers using different search strategies, the results suggested that search engines with multilanguage search functions provide an advantage for bilingual searchers in the Internet's multilingual environment. The findings showed that when searchers used a search engine as a tool for problem solving, they might experience different feelings in each ISP stage than in searching for information for a term paper using a library. The results echo other research findings that indicate that information seeking is a multifaceted phenomenon.

Source

Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 70(2019) no.9, S.1014-1025

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Abstract

The existence of huge amounts of information available in information systems and networks worldwide imposes the creation of adequate tools able to efficiently organize it and allow its retrieval across geographical, linguistic and cultural boundaries. An indexing language covering all areas of knowledge and converting the language-independent structure of a classification system like the Universal Decimal Classification into a thesaurus structure in more than one language seems to be a solution. Among the key attributes of the indexing language thus obtained we can mention: consistency in indexing, control an terms, user-friendliness. The paper presents the great potential in information retrieval of the combined retrieval method by means of a case study. 1. Introduction Among the consequences of the rapid development of the global information society a major one is the existence of huge amounts of information stored in information systems and networks across geographical, linguistic and cultural boundaries. The need was imposed to create tools and technologies able to efficiently organize and allow retrieval of information in this universal context. Information professionals had to cope not only with the multitude of knowledge organisation and representation systems but also with the multitude of languages the available information is stored in order to provide the users with effective information retrieval tools. For this purpose a real language industry has been developed, theoreticians and researchers making considerable efforts to find feasible solutions to problems of multilingual access by way of natural language processing and machine translation methodologies. Such corporate efforts belong to the CoBRA+ working group for multilingual access to subjects (MACS) or to the cross-language information retrieval (CLIR) tracks of the Text Retrieval Conferences that annually report the progress made in multilingual information access and retrieval. The encouraging results they have obtained so far are still confined to discipline/domain restrictions and most of their achievements are based an language pairs rather than multiple language combinations.

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Source

SIGIR'04: Proceedings of the 27th Annual International ACM-SIGIR Conference an Research and Development in Information Retrieval. Ed.: K. Järvelin, u.a

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Abstract

This article describes a framework for cross-language information retrieval that efficiently leverages statistical estimation of translation probabilities. The framework provides a unified perspective into which some earlier work on techniques for cross-language information retrieval based on translation probabilities can be cast. Modeling synonymy and filtering translation probabilities using bidirectional evidence are shown to yield a balance between retrieval effectiveness and query-time (or indexing-time) efficiency that seems well suited large-scale applications. Evaluations with six test collections show consistent improvements over strong baselines.

Source

Information processing and management. 48(2012) no.4, S.631-653

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Abstract

With the introduction of the single market, more and more European Community information databases are becoming available either online or on CD-ROM. Some databases are full text but many are bibliographic. Users may access them free text or through controlled descriptors but ideally they should be able to search through 1 or more subject access points. Each of the databases uses a different method and the different subject access methods, employing thesauri or classification schemes, are examined. Proposes a solution to the problem of multiple thesauri and multilingualism

Imprint

Oxford : Learned Information Ltd.

Source

Online information 92. Proc. of the 16th Int. Online Information Meeting, London, 8-10.12.1992. Ed. by David I. Raitt

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Abstract

Lacking a universal working language, information managers around the world cannot now deal reliably and efficiently with multilingual documentation. Language mismatch paralyses international cooperative efforts such as multinational bibliographic standardisation, linking of collections, and sharing the work of classification and indexing. Knowledge of the same second language by all information managers can open the communication channels needed for worldwide cooperation. Ethnis and ideological rivalries prclude success in this role by any of the conventional languages. The planned language, Esperanto, is the logical choice because of its neutrality, rational structure, clarity and expressive power. Pioneering projects in automatic language processing, not possible in English, are feasible in Esperanto

Source

Information processing and management. 14(1978) no.6, S.363-368

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Source

Online information review. 24(2000) no.6, S.420-428

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Imprint

Oxford : Learned Information Ltd.

Source

Online information 92. Proc. of the 16th Int. Online Information Meeting, London, 8-10.12.1992. Ed. by David I. Raitt

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Abstract

Im Mittelpunkt des vorliegenden Beitrags steht das Cross-Language Information Retrieval, das mit seinen sprachübergreifenden Funktionen zur Minderung von Sprachbarrieren bei der Informationssuche beiträgt. Hier sollen insbesondere die Eigennamen untersucht werden. Evaluierungsstudien haben gezeigt, dass ihnen aufgrund ihrer besonderen Eigenschaften eine wichtige Rolle bei der Identifikation von relevanten Dokumenten zukommt. Verfahren für die Optimierung des mehrsprachigen Retrievalprozesses werden angesprochen.

Source

Information und Sprache: Beiträge zu Informationswissenschaft, Computerlinguistik, Bibliothekswesen und verwandten Fächern. Festschrift für Harald H. Zimmermann. Herausgegeben von Ilse Harms, Heinz-Dirk Luckhardt und Hans W. Giessen

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Abstract

This paper reviews state-of-the-art techniques and methods for enhancing effectiveness of cross-language information retrieval (CLIR). The following research issues are covered: (1) matching strategies and translation techniques, (2) methods for solving the problem of translation ambiguity, (3) formal models for CLIR such as application of the language model, (4) the pivot language approach, (5) methods for searching multilingual document collection, (6) techniques for combining multiple language resources, etc.

Source

Information processing and management. 41(2005) no.3, S.433-456

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Abstract

Thesaural relations have long been used in information retrieval to enrich queries; they have sometimes been used to cluster documents as well. Sometimes the first query to an information retrieval system yields no results at all, or, what can be even more disconcerting, many thousands of hits. One solution is to rephrase the query, improving the choice of query terms by using related terms of different types. A collection of related terms is often called a thesaurus. This chapter describes the lexical-semantic relations that have been used in building thesauri and summarizes some of the effects of using these relational thesauri in information retrieval experiments

Series

Information science and knowledge management; vol.3

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Abstract

A novel and complex form of information access is cross-language information retrieval: searching for texts written in foreign languages based on native language queries. Although the underlying technology for achieving such a search is relatively well understood, the appropriate interface design is not. The authors present three user evaluations undertaken during the iterative design of Clarity, a cross-language retrieval system for lowdensity languages, and shows how the user-interaction design evolved depending on the results of usability tests. The first test was instrumental to identify weaknesses in both functionalities and interface; the second was run to determine if query translation should be shown or not; the final was a global assessment and focused on user satisfaction criteria. Lessons were learned at every stage of the process leading to a much more informed view of what a cross-language retrieval system should offer to users.

Footnote

Beitrag einer special topic section on multilingual information systems

Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 57(2006) no.5, S.709-722

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Abstract

Since several years it has been observed that information offered by different knowledge producing institutions on the internet is more and more interlinked. This tendency will increase, because the fragmented information offers on the internet make the retrieval of information difficult as even impossible. At the same time the quantity of information offered on the internet grows exponentially in Europe - and elsewhere - due to many digitization projects. Insofar as funding institutions base the acceptance of projects on the observation of certain documentation standards the knowledge created will be retrievable and will remain so for a longer time. Otherwise the retrieval of information will become a matter of chance due to the limits of fragmented, knowledge producing social groups.