Search (346 results, page 1 of 18)

  • × theme_ss:"Informationsdienstleistungen"
  • × year_i:[2000 TO 2010}
  1. Lin, S.-j.; Belkin, N.: Validation of a model of information seeking over multiple search sessions (2005) 0.07 
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    Abstract
    Most information systems share a common assumption: information seeking is discrete. Such an assumption neither reflects real-life information seeking processes nor conforms to the perspective of phenomenology, "life is a journey constituted by continuous acquisition of knowledge." Thus, this study develops and validates a theoretical model that explains successive search experience for essentially the same information problem. The proposed model is called Multiple Information Seeking Episodes (MISE), which consists of four dimensions: problematic situation, information problem, information seeking process, episodes. Eight modes of multiple information seeking episodes are identified and specified with properties of the four dimensions of MISE. The results partially validate MISE by finding that the original MISE model is highly accurate, but less sufficient in characterizing successive searches; all factors in the MISE model are empirically confirmed, but new factors are identified as weIl. The revised MISE model is shifted from the user-centered to the interaction-centered perspective, taking into account factors of searcher, system, search activity, search context, information attainment, and information use activities.
    Date
    10. 4.2005 14:52:22
    Source
    Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 56(2005) no.4, S.393-415
  2. Koopmans, N.I.: What's your question? : The need for research information from the perspective of different user groups (2002) 0.07 
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    Abstract
    In this paper results of a field study into the need for research information of different user groups are presented: scientists, policy makers and policy researchers, industry and media. Main questions of semi-structured interviews were: what kind of research information users need, what kind of research information resources are used and which information resources are missing at the moment. User groups are missing for a diversity of reasons the overview of research, experts and institutes in the different scientific fields. Especially for the accessibility and transparency of the scientific world these overviews are reported to be needed. Neither Google nor any of the research institutes or policy research organisations are able to present surveys for different science fields at the moment. Giving users the possibility to search, browse and navigate through accessible and more specialised layers of research information might give answers to different user groups simultaneously.
    Date
    2. 7.2005 12:22:50
    Source
    Gaining insight from research information (CRIS2002): Proceedings of the 6th International Conference an Current Research Information Systems, University of Kassel, August 29 - 31, 2002. Eds: W. Adamczak u. A. Nase
  3. Lee, C.P.; Trace, C.B.: ¬The role of information in a community of hobbyist collectors (2009) 0.06 
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    Abstract
    This article marries the study of serious leisure pursuits with library and information science's (LIS) interest in people's everyday use, need, seeking, and sharing of information. Using a qualitative approach, the role of information as a phenomenon was examined in relation to the leisure activity of hobbyist collecting. In the process, a model and a typology for these collectors were developed. We find that the information needs and information seeking of hobbyist collectors is best represented as an interrelationship between information and object needs, information sources, and interactions between collectors and their publics. Our model of the role of information in a particular domain of hobbyist collecting moves away from the idea of one individual seeking information from formal systems and shifts towards a model that takes seriously the social milieu of a community. This collecting community represents a layer of a social system with complex interactions and specialized information needs that vary across collector types. Only the serious collectors habitually engage in information seeking and, occasionally, in information dissemination, in the traditional sense, yet information flows through the community and serves as a critical resource for sustaining individual and communal collecting activities.
    Date
    22. 3.2009 18:01:49
    Source
    Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 60(2009) no.3, S.621-637
  4. Friman, J.; Kangaspunta, J.; Leppäniemi, S.; Rasi, P.; Virrankoski, A.: Query performance analyser : a tool for teaching information retrieval skills through an educational game (2005) 0.06 
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    Abstract
    The role of a modern librarian has become more and more demanding in the information age. One of the new challenges for the information specialists is what's usually called "the teaching librarian", meaning that the librarian or information specialist should be able to teach at least basic practical searching skills to the patrons in need for relevant information. Query Performance Analyser (QPA) is a tool for analysing and comparing the performance of individual queries. It has been developed in the department of information studies at the University of Tampere. It can be used in user training to demonstrate the characteristics of IR systems and different searching strategies. Usually users can't get any feedback about the effectiveness of their queries and therefore may have difficulties to perceive the actual fectiveness of a query formulated, or the effect changes between queries. QPA provides a instant visual feedback about the performance of a given query and gives the user a possibility to compare the effectiveness of multiple queries and the performance of different query formulation strategies. QPA is based on predefined search topics. They all contain a corpus of documents that are relevant to the given topic. The purpose of this paper is to give a brief insight to the infrastructure of QPA, the basic :Functionality of the QPA-based game, and to its implementation in IR education.
    Date
    22. 7.2009 11:03:43
    Source
    Librarianship in the information age: Proceedings of the 13th BOBCATSSS Symposium, 31 January - 2 February 2005 in Budapest, Hungary. Eds.: Marte Langeland u.a
  5. International yearbook of library and information management : 2001/2002 information services in an electronic environment (2001) 0.06 
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    Date
    25. 3.2003 13:22:23
  6. Herrmann, C.: Partikulare Konkretion universal zugänglicher Information : Beobachtungen zur Konzeptionierung fachlicher Internet-Seiten am Beispiel der Theologie (2000) 0.05 
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    Date
    22. 1.2000 19:29:08
  7. Yoo, E.-Y.; Robbins, L.S.: Understanding middle-aged women's health information seeking on the web : a theoretical approach (2008) 0.05 
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    Date
    9. 2.2008 17:52:22
    Source
    Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 59(2008) no.4, S.577-590
  8. Kuhlthau, C.C.: Seeking meaning : a process approach to library and information services (2003) 0.05 
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    Abstract
    First published in 1993, this book presents a new process approach to library and information services.
    Date
    25.11.2005 18:58:22
  9. Limberg, L.; Alexandersson, M.: Learning and information seeking (2009) 0.04 
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    Abstract
    The purpose of this entry is to present and analyze the relationship between learning and information seeking. The analysis draws on research studies on information seeking set in educational contexts and is framed in theories of learning, mainly constructivism. Themes of the entry are based on five dimensions of the relationship between learning and information seeking: 1) seeking information for learning purposes; 2) learning information seeking; 3) teaching information seeking; 4) learning from information; and 5) reshaping conditions for information seeking and learning through information and communications technologies (ICTs). Conclusions are that the fields of learning and information seeking draw nearer to one another partly due to educational ideas based in constructivism and partly due to the development of digital tools that reshape conditions for learning in postmodern society. This development contributes to the transformation of the professional role of librarians, implying an emphasis on the pedagogical aspects of the profession. Future prospects for information seeking research and practice linked to learning may involve strengthened interests in the cognitive authority and expertise of information as well as information sharing through communicative interaction.
    Date
    27. 8.2011 14:22:22
    Source
    Encyclopedia of library and information sciences. 3rd ed. Ed.: M.J. Bates
  10. Reddy, M.C.; Jansen, B.J.: ¬A model for understanding collaborative information behavior in context : a study of two healthcare teams (2008) 0.04 
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    Abstract
    Collaborative information behavior is an essential aspect of organizational work; however, we have very limited understanding of this behavior. Most models of information behavior focus on the individual seeker of information. In this paper, we report the results from two empirical studies that investigate aspects of collaborative information behavior in organizational settings. From these studies, we found that collaborative information behavior differs from individual information behavior with respect to how individuals interact with each other, the complexity of the information need, and the role of information technology. There are specific triggers for transitioning from individual to collaborative information behavior, including lack of domain expertise. The information retrieval technologies used affect collaborative information behavior by acting as important supporting mechanisms. From these results and prior work, we develop a model of collaborative information behavior along the axes of participant behavior, situational elements, and contextual triggers. We also present characteristics of collaborative information system including search, chat, and sharing. We discuss implications for the design of collaborative information retrieval systems and directions for future work.
    Source
    Information processing and management. 44(2008) no.1, S.256-273
  11. Lancaster, F.W.; Warner, A.: Intelligent technologies in library and information service applications (2001) 0.04 
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    Footnote
    Rez. in: JASIST 53(2002) no.4, S.321-322 (I. Fourie): "A substantial literature exists on artificial intelligence (AI) and expert systems in general, as well as in Library and Information Science (LIS). Many reports are over-confident and grossly exaggerate the power and potential of artificial intelligence (AI). This is especially true of the first phase of At, and to some extent also of the third phase that is stimulated by developments surrounding the Internet. The middle phase was mostly marked by disillusionment about the potential of Al and expert systems. The confusion around the promises made by AI and the lack of operational success, leaves managers of library and information services with the dilemma of distinguishing between worthwhile research reporting on operational projects and projects that exists only on paper or in the researchers' heads. It is very difficult to sieve between the two when working through the subject literature, and to distinguish between working technology/applications and wishful thinking. This might be one reason why working systems are sometimes ignored. According to Lancaster and Warner, library managers must also look much wider than the LIS literature to note new trends; this can, however, become a daunting task. Against this background the authors report on a study conducted with the support of the Special Libraries Association's Steven I. Goldspiel Memorial Research Grant. The objective of the study was to gain sufficient familiarity with the developments in Al and related technologies to make recommendations to the information service community on what can be applied, and what to expect in the near future. The intention therefore was to focus on systems that are actually operational, and systems that hold potential for the future. Since digital libraries seems an inevitable part of our future, applications concerning them features strongly in the final recommendations. The scope of AI in Library and Information Science depends on the interpretation of the concepts artificial intelligence and expert systems. "If a system has to `behave intelligently' (e.g. make inferences or learn from its mistakes) to qualify as having AI, few such systems exist in any application. On the other hand, if one accepts that a system exhibits AI if its does things that humans need intelligence to do, many more systems would qualify" (p. 107). One example is the field of subject indexing. The same would apply if a more relaxed definition of expert systems is applied as a system that "can help the non-expert perform some task at a level closer to that of an expert, whether or not all the essential components are in place" (p. 107). Most of the AI literature relevant to libraries falls in the field of expert systems. Lancaster and Warner identify (p. 6) expert systems as " a branch of artificial intelligence, even though very few expert systems exhibit true intelligence.""
    Imprint
    Medford, NJ : Information Today
  12. Boyd, A.: Multi-channel information seeking : a fuzzy conceptual model (2004) 0.04 
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    Abstract
    Information seeking is a fluid and situation dependent activity where a seeker's actions are influenced by access to information, perceived quality (or information fit) and trust in the information source. All of these factors combined create an ever-changing information-seeking environment. Generally, traditional models and survey methodologies capture a "snapshot in time" of a particular information-seeking activity, but fail to capture the multivalent influences of things such as chance, frequency of encounters, strength of source or the introduction of new or multiple influencers. Using the tool of fuzzy control systems, a new conceptual model is introduced that not only diagrams the influences on the information seeker, but also provides a framework to devise (or refine existing) communications strategies.
  13. Kashyap, V.; Sheth, A.: Information brokering across heterogeneous digital data : a metadata-based approach (2000) 0.04 
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    Series
    Advances in database systems
  14. Xie, I.: Information searching and search models (2009) 0.04 
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    Abstract
    Key terms related to information searching and search models are defined. A historic context is provided to illustrate the evolution of the four main digital environments that users interact with in their search process to offer readers background information regarding the transition from manual information systems to computer-based information retrieval (IR) systems, as well as the transition from intermediary searching to end-user searching. Emphasis is placed on the review of different levels of information searching from search tactics/moves, search strategies, and usage patterns, to search models and associated factors in relation to task, user knowledge structure, IR system design, and social-organization context. Search models are further classified into two types, with one type illustrating information search process (ISP) and the other type emphasizing the factors that influence the process. In addition, unsolved problems and future research are discussed and suggested.
    Source
    Encyclopedia of library and information sciences. 3rd ed. Ed.: M.J. Bates
  15. Kim, J.: Describing and predicting information-seeking behavior on the Web (2009) 0.04 
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    Abstract
    This study focuses on the task as a fundamental factor in the context of information seeking. The purpose of the study is to characterize kinds of tasks and to examine how different kinds of task give rise to different kinds of information-seeking behavior on the Web. For this, a model for information-seeking behavior was used employing dimensions of information-seeking strategies (ISS), which are based on several behavioral dimensions. The analysis of strategies was based on data collected through an experiment designed to observe users' behaviors. Three tasks were assigned to 30 graduate students and data were collected using questionnaires, search logs, and interviews. The qualitative and quantitative analysis of the data identified 14 distinct information-seeking strategies. The analysis showed significant differences in the frequencies and patterns of ISS employed between three tasks. The results of the study are intended to facilitate the development of task-based information-seeking models and to further suggest Web information system designs that support the user's diverse tasks.
    Date
    22. 3.2009 18:54:15
    Source
    Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 60(2009) no.4, S.679-693
  16. Rowley, J.; Urquhart, C.: Understanding student information behavior in relation to electronic information services : lessons from longitudinal monitoring and evaluation, part 2 (2007) 0.03 
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    Abstract
    This second part of a two-part article establishes a model of the mediating factors that influence student information behavior concerning the electronic or digital information sources used to support learning. This part discusses the findings of the Joint Information Systems Committee User Behavior Monitoring and Evaluation Framework (1999-2004) and development of a model that includes both the individual (micro) and organizational (macro) factors affecting student information behavior. The macro factors are information resource design, information and learning technology infrastructure, availability and constraints to access, policies and funding, and organizational leadership and culture. The micro factors are information literacy, academics' information behavior, search strategies, discipline and curriculum, support and training, and pedagogy. We conclude that the mediating factors interact in unexpected ways and that further research is needed to clarify how those interactions, particularly between the macro and micro factors, operate.
    Source
    Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 58(2007) no.8, S.1188-1197
  17. Lamb, R.; King, J.L.; Kling, R.: Informational environments : organizational contexts of online information use (2003) 0.03 
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    Abstract
    In this issue we begin with Lamb, King and Kling who are interested in the effect of the industry environment on information gathering practices, particularly those involving information and communication technologies like online searching. They studied use of online services in 26 widely differing California firms operating in law, real estate, or biotechnology over a 17 month period. Data was gathered through semi-structured on-site interviews. Five influences on online usage were identified: interaction with regulatory agencies; demonstration of competence to clients; client expectations for timely, cost effective information; the possibility of shifting information responsibilities outside the organization; and the existence of industry wide infrastructures as information sources. The institutional and technical environment of a firm consistently circumscribes the domain in which choices of online resources are made by its employees. Firms the operate in highly technical and institutional environments have more incentive to gather information than do those in low tech unregulated industries.
    Date
    5. 7.2006 18:43:22
    Source
    Journal of the American Society for Information Science and technology. 54(2003) no.2, S.97-114
  18. Pettigrew, K.E.; Durrance, J.C.; Unruh, K.T.: Facilitating community information seeking using the Internet : findings from three public library-community network systems (2002) 0.03 
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    Abstract
    Pettigrew, Durrance, and Unruh report on data collected by survey, interview, field observation and focus groups concerning three communities recognized for community information networks in which the local public library played a leading role. The survey was posted for 73 days on the website of each network and yielded 197 responses providing insights on how the public uses CI systems, barriers encountered, and resulting benefits to users and communities. Responding users were diverse demographically, and sought a wide variety of information types. The information types were broader than previous CI studies with a strong emphasis on employment, volunteerism, social services, local history and genealogy, sale, exchange and donation of goods, news, and technical information. Barriers identified were technological, economic, geographic, search skill related, cognitive, and psychological, as well as a large class of information related barriers concerning the quality of the information provided, its accessibility, and security. Users are identified who browse the CI system with particular interest in discovering material of potential value to others. The systems are valued and used by the adult population and seem to strengthen existing communities while stimulating the formation of information communities.
    Source
    Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 53(2002) no.11, S.894-903
  19. Andermann, H.: Initiativen zur Reformierung des Systems wissenschaftlicher Kommunikation (2004) 0.03 
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    Abstract
    Auslöser für die Entstehung neuer Initiativen zur Reformierung des Systems wissenschaftlicher Kommunikation sind die Konflikte zwischen den beteiligten Akteuren in der Publikationskette, die sich im Übergang zum elektronischen Medium verschärfen. Von Vertretern des open access wird die zunehmende Beeinträchtigung des Zugangs zu Wissen und Information kritisiert. Peter Suber, Herausgeber des SPARC OPEN ACCESS-Newsletter, unterscheidet zwischen Preisbarrieren ("price barriers") und Zugänglichkeitsbarrieren ("permission barriers"), die den freien Umgang mit Wissen und Information zunehmend einschränken.
    Source
    Grundlagen der praktischen Information und Dokumentation. 5., völlig neu gefaßte Ausgabe. 2 Bde. Hrsg. von R. Kuhlen, Th. Seeger u. D. Strauch. Begründet von Klaus Laisiepen, Ernst Lutterbeck, Karl-Heinrich Meyer-Uhlenried. Bd.1: Handbuch zur Einführung in die Informationswissenschaft und -praxis
  20. Cole, C.; Leide, J.E.; Large, A,; Beheshti, J.; Brooks, M.: Putting it together online : information need identification for the domain novice user (2005) 0.03 
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    Abstract
    Domain novice users in the beginning stages of researching a topic find themselves searching for information via information retrieval (IR) systems before they have identified their information need. Pre-Internet access technologies adapted by current IR systems poorly serve these domain novice users, whose behavior might be characterized as rudderless and without a compass. In this article we describe a conceptual design for an information retrieval system that incorporates standard information need identification classification and subject cataloging schemes, called the INIIReye System, and a study that tests the efficacy of the innovative part of the INIIReye System, called the Associative Index. The Associative Index helps the user put together his or her associative thoughts-Vannevar Bush's idea of associative indexing for his Memex machine that he never actually described. For the first time, data from the study reported here quantitatively supports the theoretical notion that the information seeker's information need is identified through transformation of his/her knowledge structure (i.e., the seeker's cognitive map or perspective an the task far which information is being sought).
    Source
    Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 56(2005) no.7, S.684-694

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